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Smart textilesenabled by nanotechnology, RFID and sensor technology
SCINTSteven Schilthuizen
www.scint.nl
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SCINT
Activities:
• Consultancy on application ofnanotechnology
• Development RFID-tags and sensors• Development (smart) packaging systems
• Medical (monitoring) devices, 24/7• Renewable energy systems
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Technologies and methods tomake textile intelligent
• Make fibers/fabric conductive (for power supply, data-signal transport, sensing) – Treat fabrics (printing, plasma treatment, coating
fibres etc) – Weave conductive yarns – Integrate electronic wiring and components
• Use materials with specific functionalities other thanconductivity: – Anti-microbial – Slow release
– Influence surface properties – Water vapour transport / ventilation – Heat transfer – Sensor functions & RFID tags
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intelligent textile examples
Textronics heart rate
sensor
Adidas/Polar
HR shirt
Textile keypad
Solar
backpackO´Neill
Smart bandage Holst Heated carseat
LED signageNav Jacket O´Neill
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NanotechnologyThe unique properties ofnanotechnology originate from:
- small dimensions, enabling highspeed and high functional
density (nanoelectronics, lab-on-chip), small and lightweightdevices and sensors (smart dust),high sensitivity (sensors,nanowires) and special surfaceeffects (such as lotus effect)
- very large surface area, providingreinforcement and catalyticeffects
- quantum effects, such as highlyefficient optical fluorescent
quantum dots
- new molecular structures, with newmaterial properties: highstrength nanotubes, nanofibers andnanocomposites
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Nanotechnology and textile
examples
CNT coated yarnpowering LED
Microfibernanogenerator
Solar cells on textile
Water repellent effect Lotus effectAnti odor Ag socks
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Nanotechnology and textile
examples
SFT flexiblenanoarmour textile
Camouflage withrefractions patterns /LEDs
CNT fiber
Osmotex electricbreathing textile
Nanofibers for filter
CNT
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Nanotechnology and textile
examplesMetal particles on cotton fibers: catalytic reaction,structurul colouring, anti-bacterial
Gold particles on nylon fibers: filters, catalyticreaction, anti-counterfeit
micro capsules onfibers
Knight´s metal mesh: detectmovement, damage, generate power
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Principle RFID
001011
001011
Reader powers tag, EM (radio wave)initiates electric current in spool (LF, HFtags) or dipole antenna (UHF), activateschip, data are sent back as AC (signal) oncarrier radio wave, reader decrypts bits todata
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RFID technology
printed RFID antennes, tags on textile, sensors, powering of sensors, reading tags on body
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Smart grid / conductive textiles
embroidery, weaving of conductive patterns, plasma treatment & coating, printing
Textile-Based Antennas
Cu on textile fibers
Au on textile fibers
USB wiring
Plasma treated metallized fibers
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medical textile examples
+=
Smart textile systems
Monitor:
- ECG, heartrate
- Movement / posture: rehab
- EMG
- EEG
Communication / positioning:
- RFID / antennas / GPS-ZigBee
Stimulation:
- nerves, muscles: with current, IRor vibrations
- tissue healing / recovery
- pain treatment
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monitor ECG, EMG, EEG, posture, movement, dehydration
for heart failure, CVA, neurodiseases, orthopedic rehab, epilepsy
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ECG garment for premature born
babies
Design by TUe
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Smart textiles for infrastructure (bed/chair)Philips
ECG
Heart Rate
Respiration Rate14 16 18 20 22 24 26
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
t [s]
ECG measurement
810 815 820 825 830 835 840
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
t [s]
P F
[ V ]
Piezo Foil measurement
PF
MechanicalECG
Respiration
ElectricalECG
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Measure in sweattextile sensor belt
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stimulationinject current via textile electrodefor motoric stimulation, pain treatment, stimulation fast recovery
EMPA´s electrode
stimulation brace
CEFALY migraine´jewelry`
Clothing+ electrodes
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stimulationwith IR light (LEDs), vibrations for resp. pain treatment and signalling human body(sports, defense)
Pneuma breath dress with leds IR LEDs
Vibration vests TNO Acoustic sensors
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drug eluting textile
decubitus
Wound and skin treatment
Textile with nano encapsulated drugs, releaseon demand via:- bioswitch (bacteria, enzymatic activated)- physical trigger (temp, pH, pressure activated)
bioswitch
nano encapsulation techniques
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silver ions in textile, smart wound
dressings
Ag for antimicrobial textiles / bandaids, wound dressing textile with natural biocides
(chitine),nanofibers from chitosan
Woven Ag coated textile
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Smart textile examples
Geniuz LED / soundresponsive shirt
Power shirt demo GeorgiaTech (Zhong wang)
optical fibers in shirt
Smartflex shape memory wire:thermo, aerodynamic, sports,orthopaedic
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flexible but rigid textile upon
impact (D3O labs)
special branched polymers ski suit
protective shell
material shapes
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Smart textile opportunities?
- medical textiles for stimulation
- slow release of substances
- ventilation / thermal management in clothing, protection
- measure posture (rehab)
- RFID tags and sensors in shirts
- power generating shirt
- reinforced textile with nanomaterials for sports,
security/defense, medical purposes
- intelligent bandaids / wound dressing
-
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With what, whom and how?
SCINTSteven Schilthuizen
www.scint.nl
www.isoconnectors.com/defensie