Transcript

Skeletal System

BonesThe skeleton has two major

parts:1. Axial skeleton are the

bones of the head and trunk

2. Appendicular skeleton are the bones of the pelvis shoulder girdle and limbs.

BonesFunctions of the skeleton1. Aid in movement of the body2. Support and protect internal

body organs3. Produce red and white blood

cells4. Store minerals for the bodies

usage.

BonesOssification-process of bone

formation.Ossification begins in week 8 of an

embryos development.A baby is born with 270 bones and

an adult has 206 bonesA babies bones are soft and

ossification continues and makes them hard and able to bear weight.

Bones Diaphysis-long bone

containing a shaft. Epiphysis-end of long bone Medullary canal-center of

the shaft where bone marrow is

Spongy bone-breakdown of hard bone

Periosteum-fibrous tissue covering the bone

BonesBone growth

starts from the center of the diaphysis and moves to the epiphyseal ends (end of the bones)

Bones

Osteoblasts-bone cells involved in the formation of new bone.

Osteoclasts-bone cells involved in the breakdown of old bone.

BonesWhen the epiephyseal cartilage is

completely ossified growth stops.

This is approximately 18 in females and 20-21 in males.

Does this mean bone growth stops? Why or why not?

Bones-Types Long Bones-arms

and legs Flat Bones-skull,

ribs, sternum Irregular bones-

spinal cord Short bones-

cubelike bones of the tarsals and carpals

Bones Simple/closed fracture-

break in bone that does not pierce skin

Femur fracture

Bones Open/Compound

Fracture- the fractured end penetrates the skin. Possible infection.

tibia/fibula fracture

Bones-Injuries Comminuted Fracture-

break in bone where it is fractured in many pieces

Tibia/fibula fracture

Bones Greenstick fracture-an

incomplete fracture in the shaft of a bone occuring in children. Think of a child’s bone as that of a young tree shoot, it bends and may break part way, but does not crack like an adult’s would.

Bones Stress fracture-small

incomplete break in the bone that results from overuse, weakness or biomechanical problems.

Bones Epiphyseal Plate

Fracture-break in the bone at the growth plate. Typically in children 10-16, most often at wrist or ankle.

An avulsion fracture

Library Kinesiology Project

Look at page 16 in text You are going to choose 10 of the words

on the list to give the following information for. Marking Describe in your words Example Picture Be able to point it out on the skeleton in

class


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