SAM SPENCER
Server Virtualization
Agenda
IntroductionHistoryServer Virtualization SoftwareServer Virtualization HardwareDetermining Server HardwarePros and Cons of Server VirtualizationPros and Cons of Dedicated ServersHyper-V Demo
Introduction
What is Virtualization? Virtualization is the creation of a virtual resource or
device where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments
Examples of Virtualization Virtual drives Virtual memory Virtual machines Virtual servers
Why is it popular?
History
1960s Machines Did not scale well Extremely expensive Cost efficiency was desired
IBM-360 Operating System (1964) Virtual Memory
IBM 370 Operating System (1972) Virtual Machines Used in many mainframe environments
Virtualization Software
Microsoft Virtual Server (2005) Came with Microsoft Server 2003 Did not scale well with 64 bit systems Replaced by Hyper-V
Microsoft Hyper-V (2008 & 2012) Hyper-V is short for Hypervisor Free release with Server 2008 and 2012 Best option for Microsoft based virtualization
Hyper-V Architecture
Virtualization Software
VMware (Company) Releases most popular line of virtualization software First company to utilize virtualization on x86
machines Software runs on Linux, Windows, and MAC
vSphere (aka ESX) Costly High overhead
VMware Server Free Not as powerful as ESX
ESX Architecture
Hypervisor
The Hypervisor is the piece of software that enables virtualization
It allows the host machine to allocate resources to guest machines
Hypervisor
Type I versus Type II Hypervisor
Virtualization Hardware
CPU At least one CPU core per virtual machine Having free cores for high stress situations
recommended
RAM No set amount for RAM Estimate minimum amounts of RAM and upgrade
based on performance
Virtualization Hardware
Networking Multiple network cards
required for increased throughput
Measure peak traffic amounts
Network Virtualization
Virtualization Hardware
Storage Local storage on servers is limited Allow for 20% extra storage space for VM files and
server snapshots Storage Networks (highly recommended)
Storage Area Network (SAN) – Large data transfers Network Attached Storage (NAS) – File-based data
storage
Determining Server Hardware
Apache Jmeter Load Testing Stress Testing Data Analysis
Demohttp://jmeter.apache.org/
Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization
Pros Cost
Less physical servers Less server space (consolidation of servers) Less energy costs Less maintenance
Efficient Administration Easier management, management through one machine Single point of failure Smaller IT staff
Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization
Pros Growth and Scalability
Upgrading one server upgrades them all Easy growth Less hardware complications
Security Single server security maintenance Hypervisor software often provides security benefits
Legacy Servers Upgrading servers to a virtual setup from old systems Goes hand-in-hand with scalability
Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization
Cons Slow Performance
High stress on single machine Longer processing times More network bottlenecking
Single Point of Failure Many servers on one host machine Hardware or software failures can be critical Backup servers will need to be setup
Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization
Cons Cost
High initial investment Software licensing costs
Security All servers through one machine
Learning curve Many different types of software Different architecture
Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers
Pros High Performance
All resources on server are dedicated Can handle high stress scenarios
Multiple Points of Failure Easier to identify problems Only one server will fail at a time
Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers
Pros Price
Old servers already exist No long term investments If it’s not broke, don’t fix it
Small Learning Curve Dedicated servers have been around for a long time IT staff will not need to learn any new systems if
dedicated servers already exist
Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers
Cons Price
Long term costs of dedicated servers can add up More applications and services = more servers
Servers not being utilized Servers may not be efficient Even at peak, some servers may not need all resources
Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers
Cons Lack of growth and consistency
Adding servers for more services and applications Expanding of physical space with servers Software patches and updates will be inconsistent Management can be difficult and inconsistent
Demo
Hyper-V setup demo How to install hyper-v How to set up virtual server on machine How to manage virtual server
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwuyRzAjS1I
References
Grazino, Charles. A performance analysis of Xen and KVM hypervisors for Hosting the XenWorlds Project. Diss. Iwoa State University, 2011. Print. <http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3243&context=etd>.
IBM, . "Mainframes introduction 2." IBM.com. IBM. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_intro.html>.
Kleyman, Bill. "Hypervisor 101: Understanding the Virtualization Market." datacenterknowledge.com. N.p., 01 Aug 2012. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/08/01/hypervisor-101-a-look-hypervisor-market/>.
Laverick, Mike. Server Virtualization Basics: The Benefits of Server Virtualization. Newton: TechTarget, 2012. 2-11. Print.
Microsoft, . "Microsoft Announces General Availability of Virtual Server 2005." microsoft.com. Microsoft, 13 Sept. 2005. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2004/sep04/09-13availabilityvs2005pr.asp&xgt;.
References
Microsoft, . "Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012." microsoft.com. Microsoft, n.d. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/hyper-v-server/default.asp&xgt;.
NetSource, . "Virtualization vs. Dedicated Servers? Not Always Clear." ntsource.com. NetSource, 22 Aprl 2011. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.ntsource.com/web-hosting/chicago-hosting-news-article.cfm?articleID=17>.
Siebert, Eric. "Sizing server hardware for virtual machines." techtarget.com. N.p., 26 Jun 2008. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://searchservervirtualization.techtarget.com/tip/Sizing-server-hardware-for-virtual-machines>.
VMware. (Designer). Traditional Arch vs Virtualiztion Arch [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://www.vectro-networks.com/services/virtualization.php
VMware, . VMware ESX Server: SAN Configuration Guide. 2.5. Palo Alto: VMware, Inc., 2005. eBook. <http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx25_san_cfg.pdf>.
Microsoft. (2012, May 31). Hyper-v network virtualization technical details. Retrieved from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj134174.aspx
Apache. (Designer) (2013). Apache jmeter [Theater]. Available from http://jmeter.apache.org/