Transcript
Page 1: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

S T E P H E N H A I G H B u i l d i n g s A r c h a e o l o g i s t

11 Browcliff Silsden Keighley West Yorkshire BD20 9PN Tel: 01535 658925 Mobile: 07986 612548

www.stephenhaigh.co.uk [email protected]

Shippon at Morton House Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire:

Photographic Record

September 2016

Page 2: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

OASIS project ID: stephenh1-261892

This report is formatted to allow printing on both sides of the paper and may contain blank pages

Page 3: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire:

Photographic Record

CONTENTS List of photographs........................................................................................................ overleaf

1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 2 Location and current use................................................................................................. 1 3 Planning background ...................................................................................................... 3 4 Previous investigative work............................................................................................. 3 5 Historical background...................................................................................................... 4 6 Recording methodology .................................................................................................. 4 7 Description of the building............................................................................................... 4 8 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 6 Appendix 1: Written scheme of investigation .......................................................................... 7 Appendix 2: Contents of the project archive ......................................................................... 10

Figures:1: Location map (i) .........................................2 2: Location map (ii) ........................................2 3: Site plan (1:500).........................................3 4: OS 1:10560 map, 1847..............................4

After text: Photograph locations: 5: Site plan 6: Floor plans

Selected photographs

SUMMARY

The shippon adjoining Morton House (NGR: SD 68825 40329) is likely to date from about

1800, as is the house itself. It comprises a two bay, storey structure with three gable

doorways facing out onto a middenstead; the ground floor has been altered in the mid

twentieth century with the introduction of vacuum milking, but the hay loft on the first floor

remains a large, open space. Photographic recording was carried out in August 2016 for the

owners Mr & Mrs Hough, prior to conversion to a family annex.

September 2016

S T E P H E N H A I G H B u i l d i n g s A r c h a e o l o g i s t

11 Browcliff Silsden Keighley West Yorkshire BD20 9PN Tel: 01535 658925 Mobile: 07986 612548

www.stephenhaigh.co.uk [email protected]

Page 4: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS IN THIS REPORT

Many of the photographs taken during the recording are reproduced at the end of this report, but for a full set of photographs it would be necessary to consult the project archive (see Appendix 2). Photo Subject 1 General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the east 2 East elevation of shippon and farmhouse 4 The shippon, from the south-east 6 Ground floor openings in south gable 8 Open midden yard to south of shippon, with adjacent outbuilding 9 General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the south-west 11 West elevation of shippon 12 Ground floor of shippon, from the north-west 14 Ground floor of shippon, from the south-west 16 Detail of stall arrangement in west side of shippon 19 Detail of pressure gauge on vacuum pipe 20 Hay loft on upper floor, from the north-west 21 Hay loft on upper floor, from the west 23 Hay loft on upper floor, from the south-east 24 Detail of milking pump on upper floor 25 Roof truss, from the south-west 27 Detail of lap joint in east principal rafter, indicating re-use 29 Detail of joint numbering on north side of roof truss

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record page 1

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

SHIPPON AT MORTON HOUSE, KEMPLE END, AIGHTON BAILEY AND CHAIGLEY, LANCASHIRE: PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD 1 Introduction

1.1 This report presents the results of the photographic recording of a shippon

attached to Morton House in the civil parish of Aighton Bailey and Chaigley,

Lancashire, and was commissioned by the owners Mr & Mrs Hough via their

agent Peter Hitchen Architect, to fulfil a condition of planning consent from

Ribble Valley Borough Council (RVBC), for the conversion of the building to a

family annex. The survey was carried out in August 2016.

1.2 The shippon appears contemporary with the farmhouse and is likely to date from

about 1800. It is two bays long and two storeys high, with the ground floor

containing cow housing (mid twentieth century in its present arrangement), and a

tall hay loft over it on the first floor.

1.3 The recording work was carried out in accordance with a written scheme of

investigation submitted in advance to RVBC (Appendix 1), and was confined to a

photographic record. This report will be submitted to the client, the local

planning authority and the Lancashire County Historic Environment Record, and

will be published on the internet via the Oasis Project1. The project archive will

be deposited with Lancashire Archives.

2 Location and current use

2.1 Morton House is one of a small number of dwellings within the hamlet of Kemple

End, situated at the east end of Longridge Fell, about 1km west of the River

Hodder and 6km west of Clitheroe (figures 1 to 2). The site’s altitude above sea

level is approximately 170m and the NGR for the building is SD 68825 40329.

The surrounding land is for the most part pasture, with some woodland.

2.2 The farmhouse and shippon form a single range aligned north-south, with the

shippon standing at the south end (figure 3); there are a number of other

traditional buildings in the vicinity including a barn standing 80m to the south,

and pig sties and privy nearer the house, though these were not inspected.

1 Online Access to the Index of Archaeological Investigations

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page 2 Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

1: Location map (i)

2: Location map (ii)

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Scale: 1:10,000Morton House

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record page 3

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

3: Site plan (1:500)

3 Planning background

3.1 None of the buildings at the site are listed or lie within a conservation area.

Planning consent from RVBC for the building’s conversion to a family annex was

granted on 3 August 2016 (application number 3/2016/0517). In their

consultation response to the application, the Lancashire Archaeological Advisory

Service (LAAS) recommended that the planning authority attach a condition to

the consent, requiring recording, and as a result, condition no. 4 requires a

detailed photographic record of the building. It is anticipated that the contents of

this report and the associated archive will permit this condition to be discharged.

4 Previous investigative work

4.1 No previous investigative work of this type appears to have been carried out at

the site.

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page 4 Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

5 Historical background

5.1 Very little is presently known of the building’s history; the Ordnance Survey’s

1847 1:10560 map appears to show the farmhouse and shippon range with their

present extent, so the buildings are presumed to pre-date the 1840s (figure 4).

4: OS 1:10560 map, 18472

6 Recording methodology

6.1 The recording was carried out during a site visit on 22 August 2016, and involved

detailed inspection of all parts of the shippon, together with external and internal

photography. This was done using a digital SLR camera (12 megapixels),

generally using a scale in the form of a 2m ranging pole marked with 0.5m

graduations, or a 0.5m baton with 0.1m graduations. Images were captured as

camera raw (NEF) files, which were converted to 8 bit TIFF files and printed at

approximately 5 x 7”, to form part of the project archive, in accordance with

LAAS requirements. Their locations are shown on copies of the architect’s

plans, and a selection is copied at the end of this report; in the text they are

referred to by numbers in bold.

7 Description of the building

Exterior

7.1 The shippon occupies the lower end of the building range and appears to have

been built at the same time as the main part of the farmhouse, rather than being

an addition to it (1). It has walls of local sandstone rubble, although the east side

has a cement roughcast coating which masks almost all of the underlying

stonework (2); the roof covering is of modern concrete tiles. There are three

windows in this elevation, none of which has dressed jambs and the left-hand

window is likely to be entirely secondary, as is perhaps the right-hand one, which

2 Lancashire, sheet 46, surveyed 1844 (enlarged here)

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record page 5

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

has a concrete lintel. The central window has a stone lintel with coarse tooling,

which differs markedly from that used in a number of the doorway surrounds in

the building (3). At the eaves is a row of four irregularly spaced breathers; a

second such row lower down the wall is hidden by the render, with the openings

themselves being blocked.

7.2 The south gable has three ground floor doorways with substantial jambs and

lintels which tie into the quoins (4-6), though the two outer openings have been

reduced to windows and the central one altered. The stonework around the west

doorway retains its rather fine diagonal tooling with margins (7). Higher up the

wall is a forking hole, and there is an owl hole at the ridge. The symmetrical

group of three doorways is characteristic of shippons, including those within

combination barns in the region, and it is usually the case that the central

doorway gave access to a feeding passage serving two rows of stalls, with the

outer doorways providing access for the animals. Here they face onto a small

yard which presumably served as an informal middenstead, partly enclosed by a

curving wall and the nearby outbuilding (8); its surface is of cobbles and setts,

and incorporates a causeway along the width of the building, which returns along

the east elevation towards the farmhouse entrance.

7.3 At the rear, west side, the ground floor again has three openings, none of them

original features (at least in their present forms), as well as two more forking

holes to the hay loft, at least one of which is an insertion (9-11).

Interior

7.4 The present arrangements on the ground floor are the result of mid twentieth

century re-organisation, and comprise two rows of paired stalls between

concrete boskins or dividers, the stalls facing towards the outer walls, with a

wide, central manure passage between (12-16). As part of this re-arrangement,

the softwood beams overhead appear to have been altered, though mortices in

their soffits do hint at the previous internal plan (17); as noted above, this is likely

to have had a central feeding passage with manure passages to the rear along

the outer walls, a traditional pattern which became frowned upon later because

of the perceived risk to animal health from stalling cattle “head-to-head”. The

vacuum pipe of a mid-twentieth century Gascoigne mechanical milking

apparatus survives attached to the beams, together with a pressure gauge near

the north wall (18-19).

7.5 An opening in the first floor over the north-west corner of the shippon gives

access to the hay loft; this first floor space is undivided and open to the roof (20-

23), with the only fixture being the milking machine near the north-east corner

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page 6 Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

(24). The roof truss is original: it appears to be of oak and is of queen strut form,

with outer raking struts, typical for the period around 1800 (25-26). One of the

timbers shows evidence for re-use, namely the east principal rafter, which bears

a shallow dovetail halving (27). The north side of the truss has some carpenter’s

numbering at the joints, in the form of chisel marks indicating “I” and “II” (28,29).

8 Conclusion

8.1 This shippon appears to have provided cow housing at Morton House from about

1800, and may have been additional to that contained within the detached barn

situated about 80m to the south of the farm. It had a fairly standard form both

externally and internally, prior to the twentieth century changes, but it is slightly

unusual in being attached to the farmhouse in this way; more commonly, the

farm building adjoining a house is found to be a combination barn, which served

as a more general purpose building on farms, but it is certainly not unusual to

find the present arrangement at such farmsteads in the region. The owners

suggested that the farmhouse itself may have been converted from a barn

historically, though the absence of any former doorways or other openings in the

shippon’s north wall seems to make that unlikely. In keeping with the majority of

such structures, the building is relatively plain in design, with decoration being

confined to the stone dressings on the gable doorways.

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record page 7

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Appendix 1: Written scheme of investigation

BARN AT MORTON HOUSE, STONYHURST, LANCASHIRE: WRITTEN SCHEME OF INVESTIGATION FOR HISTORIC BUILDING RECORDING 1 Introduction

1.1 This written scheme of investigation (WSI) sets out the work proposed for the recording of the barn at Morton House, as requested by the owners Mr & Mrs Hough, via their agent, Peter Hitchen. The work is required by a condition of planning consent from Ribble Valley Borough Council for the conversion of the attached barn to a family annex (application no: 3/2016/0517), included on the recommendation of the Lancashire Archaeological Advisory Service (LAAS).

2 Location

2.1 Morton House lies 200m south of Birdy Brow in the civil parish of Aighton Bailey and Chaigley and in the Forest of Bowland AONB, about 6km west of Clitheroe, at an altitude above sea level of approximately 170m. The farmhouse and barn form a single range, with the barn at the south end, its NGR being SD 68825 40329.

3 Project context

3.1 The barn is not listed and does not lie within any conservation area. Planning consent from Ribble Valley Borough Council for the “Proposed conversion of attached barn into a family annex” was granted on 3 August 2016. In its consultation response, the LAAS recommended that should consent be granted, a photographic and descriptive record should be made beforehand.

3.2 Consequently, condition no. 4 requires that:

“No development shall take place until the applicant, or their agent or successors in title, has secured the implementation of a programme of archaeological recording and reporting. This must be carried out in accordance with a written scheme of investigation, which shall first have been submitted to and agreed in writing by the Local Planning Authority. The programme of works should comprise a photographic building survey as described in "Understanding Historic Buildings" (Historic England 2016, section 4.4), supplemented with a written description (section 4.5.2, element 6). The work should be undertaken by an appropriately experienced and qualified professional archaeological contractor to the standards and guidance set out by the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists.”

3.3 It is understood that implementing this programme of work, by carrying out its first stage, ie on-site recording, will permit development work to take place on the site, as far as condition no.4 is concerned. Full discharge of the condition would however only be accomplished when a satisfactory report has been deposited.

4 Archaeological and historical background

4.1 The site has not yet been visited by this author but available information suggests that the barn might more readily be termed a shippon with hay loft, and has three gable doorways. It is likely to date from the late 18th or early 19th century and together with the attached farmhouse forms a linear range, characteristic of the region’s vernacular architecture.

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page 8 Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

5 Aims of the project

5.1 The conversion of the building will lead to the loss or masking of some historic features and part of the building’s historic character. The aim of the project is to identify, interpret and record significant evidence relating to its historic character and development, and place this in the public domain by deposition with the Lancashire Historic Environment Record and Lancashire Archives.

6 Statement of recording standards

6.1 All work which forms part of this project will be undertaken in accordance with the relevant Standards and Guidance issued by the Institute for Archaeologists.

7 Methodology

7.1 Recording will be carried out with the building as found and will include photographic and written records, in accordance with the guidelines noted above in Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice3. Very limited historical research, mainly concerned with historic mapping, will also be carried out.

7.2 The photographic record will comprise general views of the exterior and interior of the

building, along with photographs of the site and setting, and detailed photographs of any structural and decorative features that are relevant to the building’s design, development and use and which are not adequately recorded on the general photographs. Such detailed photographs will be taken at medium to close range and framed in such a way as to ensure that the element being photographed clearly constitutes the principal feature of the photograph.

7.3 Detailed photographs will contain an appropriately positioned graduated photographic

scale (not measuring tapes or surveying staffs). The photographic scale will also include a standard colour bar where colour is considered important. A graduated ranging-rod, discretely positioned, will be included in a selection of general shots, sufficient independently to establish the scale of all elements of the building and its structure. The size, graduations, and any other relevant data relating to the scales and ranging-rods so utilised will be specifically noted in the methodology section of the written report.

7.4 Photographs will be taken using a digital camera with a resolution of 12 mega pixels,

using RAW format files for image capture and converted to 8 bit TIFF files for archive purposes. Prints will be produced for the archive at approximately 5 x 7”.

7.5 Any readily available historic maps may be consulted to assist in the dating and

interpretation of the barn, and copies may be included in the report.

7.6 A written description of the barn will be made in accordance with Historic England guidelines.

8 Report preparation

8.1 A report on the recording will be produced; it will be illustrated appropriately, with location map, any extracts from historic maps, selected photographs and copies of the architect’s existing plans, annotated to show photograph locations. Copies will be supplied to the client and the Lancashire County Archaeology Service, and the owner’s agent will submit it to the local planning authority when applying for the condition to be discharged. It is also anticipated that it will be published on the internet via the OASIS project.

3 Historic England, 2016

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record page 9

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

9 Archive deposition

9.1 The project archive (including a copy of the report) will be submitted to Lancashire Archives. Photographic data will be uploaded to two separate servers.

10 Timetable

10.1 The site work is expected to take place during late August 2016. 11 Personnel

11.1 All work will be undertaken personally by Stephen Haigh MA, an experienced buildings archaeologist with several years experience of investigating and recording historic buildings in Lancashire and elsewhere. He reserves the right to seek amendments to this project design where dictated by professional judgement or health and safety considerations for example, but any changes will be agreed with the planning authority as appropriate.

© Stephen Haigh, 18 August 2016

11 Browcliff, Silsden, Keighley, West Yorkshire BD20 9PN [email protected]

Tel: 01535 658925

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page 10 Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

Appendix 2: Contents of the project archive

To be deposited with Lancashire Archives, Preston (reference DDX 2204) Archive contains:

a copy of the report full set of printed photographs CD or DVD with all photographs as TIFF files

Complete list of photographs taken Photo Subject

1 General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the east

2 East elevation of shippon and farmhouse

3 Windows in east elevation of shippon

4 The shippon, from the south-east

5 South gable of the shippon

6 Ground floor openings in south gable

7 Detail of partly blocked west doorway in south gable

8 Open midden yard to south of shippon, with adjacent outbuilding

9 General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the south-west

10 General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the west

11 West elevation of shippon

12 Ground floor of shippon, from the north-west

13 Ground floor of shippon, from the north-east

14 Ground floor of shippon, from the south-west

15 Ground floor of shippon, from the south

16 Detail of stall arrangement in west side of shippon

17 Detail of beam over ground floor, showing redundant mortices from earlier timber boskins

18 Detail of vacuum pipe for milking

19 Detail of pressure gauge on vacuum pipe

20 Hay loft on upper floor, from the north-west

21 Hay loft on upper floor, from the west

22 Hay loft on upper floor, from the south-west

23 Hay loft on upper floor, from the south-east

24 Detail of milking pump on upper floor

25 Roof truss, from the south-west

26 Roof truss, from the south

27 Detail of lap joint in east principal rafter, indicating re-use

28 Roof truss, from the north

29 Detail of joint numbering on north side of roof truss

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Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Photo 1: General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the east

Photo 2: East elevation of shippon and farmhouse

Page 18: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

Photo 6: Ground floor openings in south gable

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Page 19: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Photo 8: Open midden yard to south of shippon, with adjacent outbuilding

Photo 9: General view of the farmhouse and shippon range, from the south-west

Page 20: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

Photo 11: West elevation of shippon

Photo 12: Ground floor of shippon, from the north-west

Page 21: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Photo 14: Ground floor of shippon, from the south-west

Photo 16: Detail of stall arrangement in west side of shippon

Page 22: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

Photo 19: Detail of pressure gauge on vacuum pipe

Photo 20: Hay loft on upper floor, from the north-west

Page 23: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Photo 21: Hay loft on upper floor, from the west

Photo 23: Hay loft on upper floor, from the south-east

Page 24: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

September 2016 Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist

Photo 24: Detail of milking pump on upper floor

Photo 25: Roof truss, from the south-west

Page 25: September 2016 STEPHEN HAIGH - Ribble Valley · Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016 3: Site plan (1:500) 3 Planning background 3.1 None of the buildings at the site

Shippon at Morton House, Kemple End, Aighton Bailey and Chaigley, Lancashire: Photographic Record selected photographs

Stephen Haigh Buildings Archaeologist September 2016

Photo 27: Detail of lap joint in east principal rafter, indicating re-use

Photo 29: Detail of joint numbering on north side of roof truss


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