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Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers:
Linear Amplification;
Space Switches;
and Wavelength-Reuse Schemes
LAPCOM- Advanced Optical Comm. & Microwave Lab.
FEEC –DECOM - Unicamp
Authors
Prof. Cristiano Gallep
Prof. Aldário Bordonalli
Dr. Napoleão Ribeiro (now with Fed. Gov.)
Dr. Andrea Chiuchiarelli (now with CPqD)
Dr. Marcelo Ribeiro
Dr. Rafael Figueiredo
Peterson Rocha
Tiago Sutili
Bruno Taglietti
Prof. Evandro Conforti
11/27/2014LAOP 2014
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Summary: part 1
SOA Amplifiers: Linearization Scheme
Introduction;
Results (simulated);
Conclusion.
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What is a SOA
Diode Laser: amplifier gain medium + facet mirrors to reflect light (backward and forward)
SOA: laser without the facet mirrors
So, the light is amplified traveling just one time in the gain medium
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ElectricalCurrent
Light IN
Light OUT + SOA Noise
(ASE)
Anti-reflection
<< Gain Regionwith optical waveguide
SOA illustration
Anti-reflection
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SOA Phase Noise
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Nearly-Linear SOA scheme
P. Rocha. C.M.Gallep, E. Conforti, Patent Pending, BR1020140306363, 12/12/2014, Padtec-Unicamp.
Gain Region(optical waveguide
with 2 SOAs )
Second SOA acts as a
SaturableAbsorber
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After First SOA
After SecondSOA
(VPI simul.)
P. Rocha. C.M.Gallep, E. Conforti, Patent Pending, BR1020140306363, 12/12/2014, Padtec-Unicamp.
Before First SOA
(10 Gbaud)
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Summary: part 2
SOA Space Switches
Introduction;
Experimental Setup;
Results;
Conclusion.
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Optical fiber presents itself as a fundamental technology for scientific and technological advancement.
The growth of transport capacity of information based on the internet protocol (IP) has fueled the development of high-speed transmission systems.However, there is a bottleneck due to processes necessary for switching and routing of IP packets.
Therefore, Photonic Networks present themselves as future solution. Nevertheless, a necessary transition technology is necessary
Optical transition technologies under development:
• Optical Packet Switching (OPS);
• Optical Burst Switching (OBS);
• All-Optical Label Swapping (AOLS).
Introduction
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In these technologies, optical packet switching and optical signal regeneration are features of great importance.
The SOA is a promising device for realizing these features.
SOA advantages :
• Small size (can be integrated)
• High gain (> 30 dB)
• Low dependence of signal polarization (1 dB)
• Non-linear properties on saturation
• SOA disadvantages• non linearity
• phase noise
• high energy consumption per bit
Introduction
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Optical Switch Switching Time
MEMS 0,01 a 1 ms
Thermo-optical < 4 ms
Acousto-optical Hundreds of ns
All Optical Switch < 100 ps
Electro-optical Switch Switching Time
LiNbO3 5 ns
Liquid Cristal Hundreds of s
Holographic < 10 ns
Bragg Grating 10 a 50 ns
SOA 115 ps
Introduction
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RESUME
So, Optical Networks (ON) and Data Centers (DC) requires low latency with fast bandwidth
delivery and restoration.
Optical Space Switches are essential part of high speed ON & DC;
We will show results for electro-optical switches based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOA)
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How to operate the SOA electro-optical switches: by controlling the electronic current
that drives the optical devices.
Example of application: a Data Center
containing optical space switches wheresome of the SOAs are turned off/onby conveniently controllingthe SOAs bias currents.
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W. Miao, J. Luo, S. diLucente, H. Dorren, and N. Calabretta. Opt. Exp. Vol. 22
N.3, 2014. Cobra Institute, Netherlands
SOA Switch
Electrical Control
Practical Example of 2014
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(c) SOA optical response
forelectrical input of (a).
Switch Operation
(a) Electrical step,
IDC = 80 mA;
(b) optical gaincurve
of the SOA;
rise time
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PISIC - Pre - emphasis technique
C.M. Gallep and E. Conforti. IEEE PTL, 2002 .
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The ideal and real current PISIC pulse obtained (IEEE PTL 2009)
PISIC Result
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(a)Experimental setup for electro-optical switching
analysis;
(b) example of PISIC and MISIC formats (JLT, 2015).
New approach : MISIC
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(a) Misic1 electrical pulse (IDC = 80 mA) (b) SOA optical response to (a). ( JLT, 2015)
New approach : MISIC
115 ps
Reduced variations
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Limitation: the energy consumption
needs improvement since several SOAs
must be located in a practical switch
It is necessary to integrate the
microwave circuit with the SOAs and
optical waveguides (hybrid solutions ?).
weakness
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Optical Table
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MISIC with SOA Chip setup
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MISIC with SOA Chip setup
( JLT, 2015)
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MISIC with SOA Chip setup
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SOA Chip
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SOA Chip setup Modeling
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Experimental (solid line) and theoretical (dotted line)
SOA microwave mount input electrical impedance modulus and phase ( JLT, 2015).
SOA Chip Impedance
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Experimental (solid line) and theoretical (dotted line) SOA optical output normalized power versus the microwave injected current frequency (JLT, 2015)
(SOA bias of 60 mA and -10 dBm optical input power).
SOA Chip Electro-optical resp.
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Equivalent circuit for the SOA mount of Fig 8 (at 60 mASOA bias). (a) the upper part represents the microwave injection current mount, has fixed values and should be directly connected to the (b) lower part representing the SOA ( JLT, 2015)
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Experimental and simulated SOA optical response ( JLT, 2015)
MISIC: Theory and Experiment
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Wavelength-Reuse Schemes
Introduction;
Main proposal;
Experimental Setup;
Results;
Conclusion.
Summary: part 3
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Introduction
>> WDM-PON Networks in FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home).
>> If the same carrier is used for the return channel,
efficiency will be higher and prices might decrease.
Wavelength Reuse
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Main approach
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Experimental setup (< 12.5Gb/s)
>> Erasing quality decrease
slightly with bit rate. *
* N. Ribeiro, C. M. Gallep and E. Conforti,
Optics Express v. 18, p. 27298-27305, 2010.
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Resultados experimentais
* N. Ribeiro, C. M. Gallep and E. Conforti, OFC 2011.
>> Erasing quality (BER) for 7 Gbit/s downstream and 12.5 Gbit/s upstream.
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Experimental setup ( up to 56 Gb/s)
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Exp. with 25 km of Fiber
*
* N. Ribeiro. C. M. Gallep and E. Conforti, JLT 2013
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Setup of the optical access network with Fabry-
Perot based wavelength converter at RN for optical multicast transmission.
* Andrea Chiuchiarelli, C. M. Gallep and E. Conforti, Patent Pending,
BR102014018890, 28/07/2014, Padtec-Unicamp.
ReflectiveSOA
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Upstream bit error rate curves for the wavelength-
converted optical channel at another wavelength.Inset: eye diagram of the remodulated signal.
* Andrea Chiuchiarelli, C. M. Gallep and E. Conforti, Patent Pending,
BR102014018890, 28/07/2014, Padtec-Unicamp.
Conclusions
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>> SOAs have the potential to be used in Optical Switching and in non- linear applications such us wavelength reuse.
>> However, improvements on price and development of Photonic Integrated Circuits with SOAs are necessary to improve speed and performance.
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Sponsors
CPqD 2015