Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery - da Vinci System
*Some of the slides adopted from: Amanda NevesUniversity of Rhode Island Department of Computer, Electrical, and Biomedical Engineering
by Shachar Ilan
Robot-Assisted SurgeryThe Vision – Ridley Scott
What is Laparoscopic surgery?Minimally invasive operation performed in
pelvis or abdomen through small incisionsDone for diagnostic purpose or to perform a
surgical procedure
Tools for Standard Laparoscopic Surgery
Digital laparoscope - Small Camera + Light source
Inserted through tiny tube (cannula) to see the operation
Abdomen is then inflated with carbon dioxide (not harmful to body) to raise abdominal wall above organs
Click for video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vlKmnIVxZU
Laparoscopic Surgery – Pros and Cons
Pros - Patients experience less pain, smaller chance of hemorrhaging, and shorter recovery time
Cons - Awkward motion for surgeon Displaced hands and view Requires surgeons to stands Hard to learn – leads to complications with
inexperienced doctors
Open Surgery Scar Laparoscopy Scar
da Vinci System - ConsoleSurgery is performed without any
direct contact between surgeon and patient
Doctor sits away from operating table at an ergonomic, customizable computer console viewing 3D visual of operative region
Can theoretically be in another room (or another continent)
da Vinci System - RobotMulti-arm laparoscopic surgery robot
replicates the surgeons’ motions with tiny tools inserted in the patients’ body through small incisions.
Surgeon's hand movements are scaled, filtered and translated the into more precise micro-movements of the instruments.
Click to play:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LzYmDbISnzY
da Vinci Operation Room
Components of da Vinci SystemDual consoles allows doctors to collaborate in
a very small space.7 DOF with wrist at tip of tool, allow for a very
wide range of motion, wider than a human hand.
A variety of tools can be mounted on robotic arms and switched easily. Tool positions can be memorized and re-positioned by system
Force applied can be limited electronicallyCon – Surgeon gets no force feedback
da Vinci System – Some Statistics FDA Approved since 2000 Approximately 300,000 da Vinci procedures performed
yearly Cost ~1.8M$ + ~150K$ Yearly Maintenance 2000+ Systems installed worldwide
◦ 1500 in USA, 5 in Israel Most common procedures:
◦ hysterectomies and prostate removals
Pros and Cons of da Vinci SystemPros Can perform more
delicate procedures Does not leave a
large surgical scar More high risk
patients can undergo surgery because it’s less invasive
Cons Cost - $1+ million Steep learning curve Expensive training Inability to feel the
tissue Surgery with this
system takes 40-50 minutes longer
Future of Robotic Surgery – Possibilities
◦Tele-surgery◦Haptics◦Single incision port with
miniature snake-like robotic arms◦In-surgery guidance by fusing
information from prior CT, PET, MRI etc.
◦Surgery performed first in simulator planning environment, then robot re-enacts successful surgery on patient
◦Far future –Semi/Fully automated surgery
Thank you
Sources:◦ Amanda Neves, University of Rhode Iland:
www.ele.uri.edu/courses/ele482/S10/AmandaN_1.ppt
◦ Anna Oleksiewicz, University of Illinois: https://wiki.engr.illinois.edu/display/BIOE414/Description+of+the+major+components+in+the+da+Vinci+surgical+system
◦ Jennifer Poland, Business Insider:
http://www.businessinsider.com/the-future-of-robotic-surgery-2012-7
◦ Ryan Bradley, Fortune:
http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2013/01/15/robotic-surgeons
◦ Intuitive Surgical:http://www.intuitivesurgical.com/
◦ Dr. Catherine Mohr, TED Talk:http://www.ted.com/talks/catherine_mohr_surgery_s_past_present_and_robotic_futre.html
◦ Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_surgery