REPUBLIC OF KENYA
&
KENYA NUCLEAR ELECTRICITY BOARD
HON. OCHILO AYACKO, EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN & CEO , KNEB
Made up of 47 Tribes
Population: 39.5 Million
Real GDP Growth Rate
(&)-2011/2012: 4.4
GDP Current Prices (USD
Million): 35,557
Real GDP Per Capita
(USD): 900
Presidential & Bicameral
State with a Devolved
System
Bio Data
Kenya’s Energy Sector
Ministry of Energy & Petroleum
Electricity Sub-Sector
Generation
GDC
KENGEN & IPP’S
KNEB ( Future)
Transmission & Generation
KPLC
KETRACO
Regulation
ERC
Petroleum
Power Generation in Kenya
Installed capacity total 1,735 MW The effective interconnected capacity during normal
hydrology is 1,664 MW Registered interconnected national peak demand as of
May 2013 is 1,347MW. The total connected electricity customers currently are
approximately 2.3 million. National electrification is approximately 30%. System Losses 17.3%
4
Annual Electricity Production In Gwh
5
Source Annual Production
GWh % Share
Hydro 3451 45%
Thermal 2546 33%
Geothermal 1498 20%
Cogeneration 100 2%
Wind 15 0%
Isolated Grid 23 1%
Total 7633 100%
45%
34%
20%
1% 0% 0%
Annual Production GWh
Hydro
Thermal
Geothermal
Cogeneration
Wind
Isolated Grid
Challenges In The Energy Sector
1. Generation Constraints: a. Over-reliance on Hydro-Power
b. Over –Reliance on Fossil Fueled Plants c. Reliance on Independent Power Producers and High Energy
Costs
2. Supply Constraints: a. Grid Size
b. Quality of Transmission and Distribution Grid c. Cost to consumer is too high
d. Inadequate supply vis a vis demand
KNEB as the
Nuclear Energy Programme Implementing Organization (NEPIO)
Official Government announcement to go nuclear, December, 2010
Formed and funded by the government to study and make policy and
strategy recommendations to the government with respect to each of the 19
infrastructure issues
Assume an oversight role to assure that the overall infrastructure
development is properly planned and executed
Kenya’s Legal Institution
2010 Constitution, part 1 of the Fourth Schedule provides that the
National Government shall be responsible for energy policy
formulation including electricity and gas reticulation and energy
regulation.
Sessional Paper No. 4 of 2004
The Energy Act, No. 12 of 2006, which is currently under review,
includes ‘nuclear power’ within its definition of ‘energy’
Electric Grid
220 kV
132 kv
66 - 11kVThe voltage rating of the transmission lines include 132kV, 220kV, 400kV and 500kV (HVDC).
The existing Transmission network is composed of: 1,331km of 220kV 2,211km of 132kV
• Grid integration- transmission and distribution network covers about one third of the country and is concentrated along major urban and population centers with plans to upgrade the grid to enhance connectivity to the power users
Power Generation Plan For The Period 2013-2033
Source Hydro
(MW)
Thermal (MW) Coal
(MW)
Geothermal
(MW)
Wind
(MW)
Nuclear
(MW)
Imports
(MW)
TOTAL
2012-2018 230 180 300 140 100 300 200 1,450
2019 420 420
2020 440 100 200 740
2021 140 360 840 200 1,540
2022 300 700 100 300 1,400
2023 180 800 200 1,000
2024 180 300 960 200 1,640
2025 180 300 1,100 200 1,780
2026 180 1,100 100 300 1,680
2027 180 300 1,500 100 300 200 2,580
2028 180 300 1,500 100 300 200 2,580
2029 360 300 1,840 100 300 200 3,100
2030 180 600 2,020 200 300 3,300
2031 90 540 300 2,550 300 900 4,680
2032 540 900 2,780 300 300 4,820
2033 540 2,640 300 900 4,380
TOTAL 230 3600 3600 20,910 1,800 3900 1600 35,640
Technical Requirements for Kenya’s Nuclear Reactor technology
The nuclear power plant will need to accommodate local external
events including seismicity, flooding, wetlands, ecology and population
density, heat sink temperature, condenser cooling water source and
extent of water resources
The power plant should be characteristically safe and not need
external safety systems; the safety of the power plant must be obvious
to both the public and the regulators.
The power plant should ensure minimal environmental impact and be
capable of operating at high thermal efficiencies allowing for use of
waste heat for other commercial applications if desired.
Technical requirements for Kenya's Nuclear Reactor Technology
The nuclear power plant should comply with regulations and standards which Kenya will establish
The power plant should have low radiation dose levels and minimal radioactive contamination
The power plant’s fuel cycle should provide the highest possible resistance to proliferation and not depend on reprocessing
The power plant should be designed with eventual decommissioning in mind; the sizing and design of the power plant’s systems should facilitate rapid disassembly, ease of decontamination and ease of disposal
Choice of Nuclear Reactor for Kenya Small modular reactors (SMR’S)
Kenya is interested in the SMR technology and will adopt SMR technology that will be proven.
This is due to the fact that Kenya’s national grid is small therefore looking at 300-900MW
Units of above 1000MW are too big for the current Kenyan grid, however power demand is expected to increase substantially. This will enhance consideration of above technologies for the future grid.
Power interconnection between Kenya and other neighboring systems will increase the system’s capability to accommodate a larger unit