I can’t go because I have to study.
She said that she couldn’t go because she had to study
Yesterday:
Today:
We use reported speech to repeat what someone else said
Reported Speech
Direct Speech vs. Reported SpeechReported Speech:
• The exact meaning of what someone said but not the exact words
• We don’t use quotation marks• We need a reporting verb
such as say, tell, ask…
•Direct Speech:
The exact words said by someoneWe use quotation marks
Example:
“The situation is improving”, he said.
The situation is improving
He said that the situation was improving
Example:
- What did he say?
- He said that the situation was improving.
Reported Speech
What can we report?
Statements•Yes / No questions•WH questions Orders/Requests
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Would:He said that she would never go there
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Would:He said that she would never go there
Can:You can borrow my mp3 player
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Would:He said that she would never go there
Can:You can borrow my mp3 player
Could:He said that I could borrow his mp3 player
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Would:He said that she would never go there
Can:You can borrow my mp3 player
Could:He said that I could borrow his mp3 player
Must / have to:I must tell you a secret
Verb changes in statements and questions
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH Present Simple:I like basketball
Past Simple:He said that he liked basketball
Present Continuous:They are having a chat
Past Continuous:She said that they were having a chat
Be going to (present):I am going to buy a car
Be going to (past):She said that she was going to buy a car
Past simple:You met your friends
Past perfect:She said that I had met my friends
Present Perfect:I’ve bought you a book
Past Perfect:He told me that he had bought me a book
Will/ would:I’ ll never go there
Would:He said that she would never go there
Can:You can borrow my mp3 player
Could:He said that I could borrow his mp3 player
Must / have to:I must tell you a secret
Had to:She told me that she had to tell me a secret
Verb changes in statements and questions
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My His / Her
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My His / Her
Our
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My His / Her
Our Their
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My His / Her
Our Their
Your
Pronouns / Possessives changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
I He/She
We They
You I /We
Me Him / Her
Us Them
You Me / Us
My His / Her
Our Their
Your My /Our
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The next day / The following day / the day after
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The next day / The following day / the day after
Next week
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The next day / The following day / the day after
Next week The following week / the week after
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The next day / The following day / the day after
Next week The following week / the week after
Here / This / These
Time / Place expressions changes
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The next day / The following day / the day after
Next week The following week / the week after
Here / This / These There / That / Those
How to report a statementWe need to change:
•The verb tense
•The pronouns
•The possessives
•The time / place expressions
We also need:
• A reporting verb
Main Reporting Verbs:
Say (+ to + person /object pronoun) (+ that)…
EX.: He said (to him /Peter) (that) he
needed a new job •Tell + person /object pronoun (+ that)…
EX.: He told him/ Peter ( that) he needed a
new job
How to report a questionWe need to change: The verb tense, the pronouns, the possessives, the time/place expressions. We also need: A reporting verb
And…
… If/Whether + the previous question but in affirmative order (no subject/verb inversion!!!)
EX.: -“Can you answer the question?”, the teacher asked me -The teacher asked me if I could answer the question.
…Wh + the previous question but in affirmative order ( no subject/verb inversion !!!)
EX.:-”What did you study last weekend?”, the teacher asked me - The teacher asked me what I had studied the previous weekend
Main Reporting Verb: Ask (+ person /object pronoun) …
Yes/No questions
Wh questions
How to report a question
Summary:• Reported questions have the same order
as affirmative sentences. The subject comes before the verb.
• We use “If” or “Whether” in reported Yes/ No questions.
• We keep the WH- word in wh- questions.
How to report Commands and Requests
• The main reporting verb is Tell: Tell + person/object pronoun + (not) to Infinitive EX.: “Be quiet” said the teacher. The teacher told us to be quiet.
• The sentence in direct speech usually has the word “please”• The main reporting verb is Ask:
Ask + person/object pronoun + (not) to Infinitive EX.:”Please, close the door”, said my brother My brother asked me to close the door.
Commands
Requests
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