Recent Support Mechanism and Targets for Biomass and Biogas in Thailand
12th February 2014 PEP-Information Workshop Energy from Biomass and Biogas-Market
Opportunities in Thailand and Philippines, Berlin Germany
Miss. Jariya Budnard
By
Engineer Biogas Group, Energy Research Bureau
Content
• Thailand’s Energy situation in 2012 1
• Related Energy Policies 2
• Alternative Energy Development Plan 3
• Biomass and Biogas Development in Thailand 4
2
1. Thailand’s Energy Situation in 2012
3
Thailand’s Final energy consumption in 2012
2012 Total final energy consumption was
73,316 ktoe , an increase of 3.9% from 2011
4,224 ktoe
27,164 ktoe 3,990 ktoe
11,097 ktoe
3,873 ktoe
5,840 ktoe
Total 56,188 ktoe 4
Q1-Q3 (2013)
2012 Increase
3.9%
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Energy import value in 2012
1,441,790 million baht
Increased 16.7% from 2011
2012 Crude oil Petroleum
product NG+LNG Coal Electricity Total
Import value(million baht) 1,115,366 122,634 138,952 46,770 18,069 1,441,790
Growth (%) 14.1 30.1 23.8 10.5 30.4 16.5
2012
Crude oil 77%
Petroleum product
9%
NG+LNG 10%
Coal 3% Electricity
1%
Thailand’s Energy import value in 2012
Source : Ministry of Energy 2013
P : Preliminary
Energy Import value Million baht
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012p
Elec. Coal Natural gas+LNG Petroleum Crude oil
5
2. Related Energy Policies
6
2.Related Energy Policies
1
Creating the just society
2
Developing a lifelong learning society
3
Strengthening of the agricultural sector and security of food and energy
4
Restructuring the economy toward quality growth and sustainability
5
Creating regional connectivity for social and economic stability
6
Managing natural resources and the environment toward
sustainability.
Source : www.nesdb.go.th
THE ELEVENTH “NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN” (2012-2016)
7
Development Strategies
Green Economy
Balance & Develop Public
management
Growth
&
Competitiveness
Green Growth
Inclusive Growth
Fostering economic growth and development in environmental
friendly way
People/Quality of life /Knowledge/Justice
Infrastructure/ Production/R&D
Laws & Regulations
Economic Growth Sustainable Development Environmental Friendly
8
Country Strategy
2.Related Energy Policies
Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra
Enhance Energy-related Industries & Business to be next generation value creator Secure Thailand Energy supply
Energy Pricing
Target Energy Intensity reduction by 25% within 20 years (based on 2010 level)
Up-scaling renewable energy mix to 25% in 10 years
Thailand’s Energy Policies
2.Related Energy Policies
9
10
3. Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)
(2012-2021)
Committed to the development of low-carbon society
Government Funding On R & D Activities
Encouraging Private-Led Investment
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP : 2012-2021)
Solar
3,000 MW
100 ktoe (Heat)
Small + Mini Hydro
324 MW
Bio Energy
Biomass Biogas MSW
4,800 MW 3,600 MW 400 MW
8,500 ktoe
(Heat)
1,000 ktoe
(Heat)
200 ktoe (Heat)
Target 25 % of RE in Total Energy Consumption By 2021
Biofuels
• Ethanol
9 Million l/d
• Biodiesel
7.2 Million l/d
• 2nd –Gen. Biofuels
3 Million l/d
• CBG 1,200 tons/d
Wind
1,800 MW
Others
• Tidal wave
2 MW
• Geothermal
1 MW
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) Rev ♯ 1 (16 July 2013)
From Napier grass
3,000 MW 11
Promote RE on the
Community scale
Encouraging Private
Investment
Improve Relevant
Infrastructure
Promote R&D as a
tool for RE industry
Promote better
understanding
Modifying outdated rules and
regulations
Strategies for AEDP
12
Carbon credit sale
Private Investor
CDM
Electricity
authorities Consumers
Promotion requesting
Support from the Ministry
of Energy
• Renewable energy maps • Info from demonstration site • One-Stop Service Renewable energy potential info
•Subsidy, i.e. Biogas , Solar hot
water
• “Energy Soft Loan”
Revolving funds for RE and
energy conservation Projects
• ESCO Venture Capital Fund
• “Adder” : Feed-in
Premiums Policy , Feed-in
Tariff
DEDE
DEDE & EPPO
DEDE
EPPO
DEDE
2
3
4
5
Banks
To raise a loan
Capital requesting
Registration for intent expression as per the time specified
ONEP EIA
ERC
Local Admin
Offices giving licenses
Negotiation for electricity selling & buying
- Firm - Non Firm
Licenses Technical support
BOI- Investment Incentives
Adder/ FIT
Depart. Of Industrial
RE Promotion Mechanism
13
1
Fuel Adder
(Baht/kWh) VSPP
Extra adder * (Baht/kWh)
Supporting period (Year)
Biomass - Installed capacity <= 1 MW - Installed capacity > 1 MW
0.50 0.30
1.00 1.00
7 7
Biogas (all categories of production sources) - Installed capacity <= 1 MW - Installed capacity > 1 MW
0.50 0.30
1.00 1.00
7 7
Waste (community waste, not hazardous industrial waste, and inorganic waste)
- AD &b LFG - Thermal Process
2.50 3.50
1.00 1.00
7 7
Wind power - Installed capacity <= 50 kW - Installed capacity > 50 kW
4.50 3.50
1.50 1.50
10 10
Mini and micro hydropower - capacity 50-200 kW - capacity < 50 kW
0.80 1.50
1.00 1.00
7 7
Solar power 6.50 1.50 10
Pilot project on green energy for community enterprise (biogas production from Napier grass) (1 MW)
Feed-in-Tariff 4.50
20
Solar PV Rooftop 0-10 kW >10-250 kW
>250-1,000 kW
6.96 6.55 6.16
25 25 25
Solar Community (1 MW)
9.75 (Year 1-3) 6.50 (Year 4-10)
4.50 (Year 11-25)
25
• Note : Special Adders for - 3 Southern Provinces - Diesel-Gen. replacement on PEA system
Adder cost : a supplement of normal purchasing tariff of electricity to the national grid
Performance on Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy Q1 – Q3/2013
TYPES OF ENERGY Unit Target in 2021 2012 Capacity(Q1-Q3,2013)
Solar MW 3,000 376.72 619.87
Wind MW 1,800 111.73 222.71
Small Hydro MW 324 101.75 104.73
Biomass MW 4,800 1,959 2,210.25
Biogas MW 3,600 193.40 260.33
MSW MW 400 42.72 46.98
New Energy MW 3 - -
Total Electricity MW 13,927 2,786 3,465
ktoe 1,138 973
Solar Ktoe 100 4 4
Biomass Ktoe 8,500 4,346 3,399
Biogas Ktoe 1,000 458 409
MSW Ktoe 200 78 61
Total Heat Ktoe 9,800 4,886 3,873
Ethanol ML/Day 9 1.4 2.5
Biodiesel ML/Day 7.20 2.7 2.8
New Energy Replacing Diesel ML/Day 3 - -
Compressed Bio-methane Gas (CBG) ton 1,200 - -
Total Biofuel ML/Day 39.97 4.1 5.3
ktoe 1,270 1,169
RE Consumption : Energy Consumption 25% 9.9% 10.7%
Ele
ctr
icit
y
He
at
Bio
fue
l
15
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2013
Performance on Alternative and Renewable Energy Policy Q1 – Q3/2013
Electricity Heat
Biofuel
16
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MAP OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THAILAND (2012)
POWER PLANT HEAT CONSUMPTION BIOFUEL PLANTS
WWW.DEDE.GO.TH 17
4. Biomass and Biogas Development in Thailand
4. Biomass Development in Thailand
- Bagasse, rice husk, palm, etc.
- Biomass Power plant -Community power plant
- Industrial: sugar cane, palm oil, paper, etc)
- Community (high-eff. stove)
Item Electricity Generation (MW)
Heat Generation (ktoe)
AEDP target in 2021 4,800.00 8,500.00
Capacity(Q1-Q3,2013)
2,210.25 3,399.00
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19
Sugar cane leaf and trash
Palm Frond
Tapioca rhizome Rice Straw
Corn cob Woody Branch
4. Biomass Development in Thailand
Potential
20
Opportunities
1. Promoting higher potential biomass
• Rice straw
• Sugarcane leaves
• Cassava rhizome
• Oil palm leaves and bunch
• Corncob & stalk
• Wood chips & Pellets
2. Promoting plantation of fast growing crops for power generation
4. Biomass Development in Thailand
21
o Industrial waste water
- Tapioca starch* - Palm oil - Ethanol - Food & Beverage
o Livestock farm * Only tapioca starch factories with capacity over 300 ton/day
4. Biogas Development in Thailand
Item Electricity Generation (MW)
Heat Generation (ktoe)
CBG (tons/day)
AEDP target in 2021 3,600.00 1,000.00 1,200
Capacity(Q1-Q3,2013) 260.33 409.00 -
o Industrial waste water
- Tapioca starch* -Palm oil - Ethanol - Food & Beverage
- Paper -Rubber
o Livestock farm
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Target groups
Livestock farm
large & medium
size pig farms
Chicken & Slaughter
Energy crop
Processed agriculture &
industrial waste
Palm oil
extraction factories
Sugar mills&
ethanol factories
Cassava starch factories Chicken & Slaughter
1. Future focus on biogas production by household and community
2. Implement pilot project “Utilization of biogas in transport sector” (bio-methane) technology)
Opportunities
Biogas Development in Thailand 4. Biogas Development in Thailand
National Energy Policy committee resolution on July 16th,2013
=> Joint project among 9 ministries => Pilot project by Ministry of energy (Pilot project on green energy for community enterprise biogas production from Napier grass)
(1) Energy (2) Social (3) Agriculture (4) Education (5) Sci & Tech (6) Industry (7) Interior (8) Natural resource and Envi (9) Commerce
Napeir grass => Biogas
Objective 1. Power generation 3,000 MW 2. CBG for transportation 3. Replace LPG
Principle
• Encourage community enterprise for energy crop production • Contract between community enterprise & biogas plant • Secure income for farmers • All stakeholders generate income from biogas utilization • Energy security in Thailand
Napeir grass project
24
Environment
• Reduce CO2 emission
• Alleviate global worming
Economic
• Decrease import energy
• Increase income from CO2 trading
Benefits of AEDP
Society
• Increase employment
• Healthier society 25
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DEDE: Knowledge Base organisation and sustainable development Centre of RE and EE