Rebels, Tories & RedcoatsColonial New Haven and the American Revolution
Puritan New Haven
Colonial New Haven
Yale College
Long Wharf
Wadsworth Map of 1748
Landholding and merchant ventures
Smaller merchants, shopkeepers, yeoman farmers
Artisans, day laborers, fishermen, sailors
Arrival of Yale College, build up of merchant community, trade with Boston, transformed New Haven into a cosmopolitan town within 11 decades
Famous Faces of Colonial New Haven
Roger Sherman Ezra Stiles
Britain’s Bad Act-ing
Stamp Act, 1765
Quartering Act, 1765
Declaratory Act, 1766
Townshend Revenue Act, 1767
Intolerable Acts, 1774
Example of the Stamp Act
“That the said colonies and plantations in America have been, are, and of right ought to be subordinate unto, and dependent upon the imperial crown and parliament of Great Britain…”
Imposed taxes specifically to raise revenue on lead, glass, paper, paint and tea
Benedict Arnold, the Rebel
in New Haven
House on Water Street Colonel Arnold Arrest warrant from 1766
Shop sign on George Street
Demanding the Keys... April 22, 1775
Washington Tavern on College and Chapel Streets
Present day...
“Benedict Arnold Demands the Powder House Key” by Morton Kunstler
David Wooster
Will New Haven Be Invaded?Proximity to New York City and Newport
Significant Loyalist faction
Supplier to the Continentals
Redcoat Command
General William Tryon with assistance from General George Garth
Camilla (frigate)
Scorpion (sloop)
Halifax (brig)
Hussar (galley)
British ships bound for New Haven’s Harbor
Garth pushed to cross in Westville
Tryoninvades East Haven
Rebel Command
General Andrew Ward of Guilford, CT
Colonel Hezekiah Sabin of New Haven, CT
Captain Phineas Bradley of New Haven, CT
Lieutenant Daniel Bishop
Lieutenant Evelyn Pierpont
Lieutenant Azel Kimberly
All of New Haven,
CT
James Hillhouse Aaron Burr
James Campbell, British Adjutant
Despite being a British officer and part of the invasion, Campbell saved the life of patriot-parson, Noah Williston.
“We make war on soldiers, not civilians.” -Campbell
*Source: Macaluso, Laura. Historic Treasures of New Haven. The History Press. 2013
East Shore Destruction
Amos Morris Pardee-Morris House
Amos Morris’s List
Toll on New Haven
❖ 27 Patriots and New Haveners Dead, 19 wounded, 22 Prisoners of War
❖ 9 British & Hessian soldiers dead, 40 wounded, 25 missing
❖ 11 houses, 6 stores, 6 barns, and 7 vessels destroyed
➔ A polarization: (You’re either with us or against us), loyalists not
welcome
➔ Loyalist families had to flee, some were later invited to return
“...the conduct of the militia at New Haven does them the highest honor.”-
George Washington
Raid on NewHaven, Success or Failure? For Whom?
General Tryon
Admiral George Collier
Commander-in-Chief, Sir Henry Clinton
Lord George Germain
King Charles III
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