ASSIGNMENT OF COMMUNICATION
ON READING SKILLS
Submitted by
Umair Ahmad to
Miss Sobia
READING SKILLS
Reading; • Reading is a process of retrieving the meaning of stored
information or ideas.
• The action or skill of reading written or printed matter silently or aloud: "suggestions for further reading"; "reading skills".
• Written or printed matter that can be read: "his main reading was detective stories".
Reading skills; • Reading skills enable readers to turn writing into meaning
and achieve the goals of reading independence, comprehension, and fluency. If reading skills appear to be lacking, then a reading skills assessment is recommended
THE PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF READING
• To acquire knowledge • Reading helps in mental development• Improvement of conversational skills• Helps readers to decipher new words• Developing vocabulary, language skills• If the reader don't know anything about a subject, then it will be
difficult for him to grab the information.
THE WAY TO UNDERSTAND READING:Two ways:• 1. calling words – ability to recognize word structures• 2. understand words – ability to understand the meaning
within the context of the words
One does not exist without the other.
Types of readings
Hare are basic three ways to classify reading skills;
Reading according to
purpose
According to reading
performance
According to Reading
Instruction Program
1. READING ACCORDING TO PURPOSE.
1. READING ACCORDING TO PURPOSE.1.
Scan
ning,
2. S
kimm
ing,
3. D
etail
ed
Read
ing,
4. In
tens
ive
read
ing
5. E
xten
sive
read
ing
6. Li
tera
ture
Re
ading
1(B). SCANNING • Look for specific
information in the text
• It makes you “skip more than you read.”
• Also called search reading
Scanning -
looking for a particular piece of information
1.(A) SKIMMING;•General understanding of the whole text• Fastest type of reading based on purpose• Also called rapid-survey reading
Skimming - running the eyes over quickly, to get the gist
1(C).DETAILED STUDY READING;• Requires serious reading and proper
note taking
• Uses the method of reading called SQ3R (Survey, Question, Reading, Recall, Review)
• This reading works well in research projects and academic study.
1(D). INTENSIVE READING;• Also called word-for-word type of
reading
• Requires one to read materials related to his/her field of specialization
• The object of intensive reading demands a great deal of content-area reading.
1(F). EXTENSIVE READING -• Also called light-type of reading • Reading for leisure
• You love what you read.
• longer texts for pleasure and needing global understanding
1(G).LITERATURE READING• Not mainly for pleasure… but
• Intends to familiarize readers with different genres of literature pieces: novels, short stories, biographies, dramas, epics, etc…
2. ACCORDING TO READING PERFORMANCE /RATE OF UNDERSTANDING
2. ACCORDING TO READING PERFORMANCE /RATE OF UNDERSTANDING
Subv
ocal
ize
d Re
adin
g
Proo
frea
din
g
SPE
(Str
uctu
re
Prop
ositi
on
Eval
uatio
n)Sp
eed
Read
ing
MI (
Mul
tiple
In
telli
genc
es)
2(A).SPEED READING;• Information tends to stay
superficially in one’s mind.
• Not a good method if your objective is to gain a deeper understanding of the text
SUBVOCALIZED READING;• One recognizes the form of the word and
internally sounds it in the mind the way one pronounces it as a spoken word.
• Focuses primarily on the form, stress, intonation, phrasing of the language
• This prevents one from quick reading and comprehension of the text.
PROOFREADING• To see typographical errors
• Proofreading vs. editing
SPE (STRUCTURE PROPOSITION EVALUATION);
• Three stages1.Recognizing language structures
2.Making inferences
3.Evaluation of ideas, reasons, or conclusions• Judgment is withheld until the text is
fully understood.
MI (MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES);• Enhances not only analytical
intelligence but practical intelligence as well
1.Musical intelligence2.Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence3.Spatial intelligence4.Interpersonal intelligence5.Intrapersonal intelligence
3. ACCORDING TO READING-INSTRUCTION PROGRAM
ACCORDING TO READING-INSTRUCTION PROGRAMRe
ad a
loud
Shar
ed
read
ing
Guide
d re
ading
Fluen
cy
read
ing
Indep
ende
nt re
ading
Deve
lopm
enta
l re
ading
Selec
tive
or ke
y-wo
rd
read
ingRe
med
ial
Read
ing
Stra
tegic
Re
ading
1.READ ALOUD• Many teachers use this in
instruction.
• Students will learn good expressions, proper pacing, and correct pronunciation.
SHARED READING;• Both the teacher and student
take turns in reading portions of the text.
• It is also called as group reading.
• Enhance IQ level.
• It is necessary for students
GUIDED READING• Reader is left alone to do silent
reading.• But the reader is motivated by the
teacher by various strategies. using contextual clues, examining illustrations, activating schemata• Reader is not totally left alone.
FLUENCY READING;• Main objective: To gain mastery of the Pronunciation, Phrasing, Pausing, Intonation, Stress of the text.• Progress: measured by the number of words one can read aloud and
comprehensions Qs answered correctly.
INDEPENDENT READING• One chooses the material s/he wants to
read.
• Still, the teacher helps you become an independent reader by surrounding your with interesting reading materials.
DEVELOPMENTAL READING• Aims to refine one’s reading comprehension skills
by letting reader experience different reading stages:
1.Reading readiness in the nursery and kindergarten level
2.Beginning reading in Grades 1 and 23.Rapid growth in Grades 3 and 44.Refining and widening reading in the intermediate,
HS, college level, and beyond the tertiary level
SELECTIVE OR KEY-WORD READING• Characterized by skimming and
scanning
• Mainly focuses on a specific or principal portion of the text to have a general view or holistic understanding of the reading material
REMEDIAL READING• One submits himself/herself to a reading program
that will give him/her special reading sessions under the guidance of a reading specialist.
• This requires one to reflect on thoughts.• If a reader lags behind with regard to his
vocabulary knowledge, reading comprehension abilities, and reading attitudes, he must submit himself to a reading program that gives special reading sessions under the guidance of a reading specialist.
STRATEGIC READING • Regarded by some as the latest type of reading• Thinking aloud about what you reading or thinking of• You read with your eyes, but you also verbalize what you think
about the text, thus, letting your mind focus on the correct responses to the questions about the passage. • Also called as meta-cognitive, meta-thinking, meta-reading, or
meta-comprehension• Requires a reader to be alert, awake, and active• A reader uses or practices HOTS (higher-order thinking skills)