Reading and Making a Cladogram
Cladogram – What is it?
• An evolutionary family tree• Used to be based on physical appearance• Now based on similar DNA sequences,
proteins, or traits
Cladograms show…
1. Probable relationships2. Probable sequence of origins3. Shared derived characters
Introduction
• Here are the traits of transportation and how they have developed over time.
WingsPassengers enclosed
Motor
Wheels
Put the following modes of transportation in the cladogram where they belong based on their structure.Car, Airplane, Bike, Motorcycle, Walking by Foot
AirplaneCar
MotorcycleBike
Foot
Making a Cladogram
1. To make a cladogram, you must first look at the animals you are studying and establish characteristics that they share and ones that are unique to each group.
2. For the animals on the table, indicate whether the characteristic is present or not.
3. Based on that chart, create a cladogram.
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug
Catfish
Frog
Tiger
Human
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug x
Catfish x
Frog x
Tiger x
Human x
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug x
Catfish x x
Frog x x
Tiger x x
Human x x
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug x
Catfish x x
Frog x x x
Tiger x x x
Human x x x
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug x
Catfish x x
Frog x x x
Tiger x x x x
Human x x x x
Cells Backbone
Legs Hair Opposable Thumbs
Slug x
Catfish x x
Frog x x x
Tiger x x x x
Human x x x x x
Make Your Cladogram
Traits
Time
Cells
Backbone
Legs
Hair
OpposableThumbs
Slug
Catfish
Frog
Tiger
Human