I

1 •

i : ' j ; J ;

Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and EOrth Resource~

!

l I ' • l

Bose f rom U.S. Topographic 1 :ZS0,000 series

Pu l lman Quad, 1955

45'

Edited, reYiewed, and adjusled to 1:250,000 scale toppg rophic

base mop by Kurt L Olhberg , Allen J. Fiksdo l, Jomes G. Rigby,

and Glenndo Mc l ucas

:!iT JOI-I"' ,o 1-11

30

Open File Report OF 79-9

Th is report is prel iminary and has not been formally edited or reviewed.

5/"0l(,ON£ !2 Ml o ... ,sO,UL 12 Ml TE:1<,SE'D I.'!" M l £MIDA n M l

l 17 00 ,

I . ., ~ -· I : ...,_ Ir , , ' ' f' ..,- ,

/ ~--' j

/

'

117'00 ' ' 45

SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE PULLMAN QUAD, WASHINGTON

by

0

0

Gary D. Webster

1979

5

SCAL E 5

10

Contour I nterval 200 Feet

10 Miles

15 Ki lometers

r

,o )',

.l.' .)

E'.

-" ,,

c-j-1

I ' :i . . .

?. 14~ 30

I~ :n,61-',

t -1

•;,; .. •.-;-., I

_r ~

I "

Produced in cooperation with Rockwell Hanford Op erations

and the U.S. Department of Energy

CLAR~IA I 1-1•

< ~

1·

(· J

15

' '

i . " . • I • ~ ' ' 8 : '

" '

' '

'"

' . ~ ~

' >

' ,; "

., '

i

~ '

Geo logy mopped in 1978-1979

Qd

Qa

Qaf

Correlation of Mop Units

,

[~,la:~ Qc ?

? ?

.. C: .. u 0 0 I ..

-

Qd ~ ? -

QI Qls ?

[§!] Oaf is u !?. ., ·.;;

Qgd Qfs Qfg Qgl Qtb

? ? ? rE Tc

Te ? ?

a: .. C: .. u .2 o._

?

~.J ?

? ! Ty ..

g :i

?

B ..

' C: .. ..

~ u Q. .2

::i;

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

DUNE SAND Active and stabilized dunes of predimonately fine-to medium sand; mostly

quartz and basalt grains reworked from older sedimentary deposits.

ALLUVIUM - Primarily stream deposits of silt, sand, and gravel i n floOOplain·s, terraces,

and valley bottoms. Includes local lacustrine, paludal, and eolian deposits in

depressions.

ALLUVIAL FAN [)[POSITS - Primarily unconsolidated sand and gravel. Surface is relatively

undissected and exhibits little or no petrocalcic soil development (ca l iche ) .

0c COLLUVILJM- Primarily angular to subangular basaltic debr is accumul ated at the base of

steep slopes and cliffs. Includes talus and talus cones formed by active and inactive

rockfall .

Qls LANDSLID£ D£P05I TS - Unst r atified and poorly-sorted c lay, silt, sand and gravel deposited

by rotational and translational slides and flows.

Ql LOESS - Loess deposits consisting of eolian sil t and fine sand up to 75 meters in thickness.

Generally not mapped ~here less than approximately 2 meters thick . locally conta ins

multiple petrcx:alcic horizons and tephra beds.

Qafo OLDER ALLUVIAL FAN DEPOSITS - Primarily semi-consolidated gravel or fanglomerate. Surface

of fans are dissected and capped by well-developed petrocalcic soils (caliche ) .

Qfs CATASTROPHIC FLOOD SLACK-WAT ER SEDIMENTS - Rhythmically bedded and graded s ilt, sand , and

gravei deposited by lower-energy slack waters of catastrophic floods and (or ) surges of

catastrophic floods. Includes the Touchet beds.

Qfg CATASTROPHIC FLOOD GRAVELS - Predominantly coarse gravel and sand deposited by higher-energy

Qtb

llgl

llgd

Qt

(Hgt

Tt

fr

Tc

Te

Ty

pm

waters of catastrophic floods.

TERRACE ANO BAR DEPOSITS, UNDIFFERENTIATED - Claciofluvial, fluvial, and ice-contact strat­

ified silt, sand, and gravel depos its of various litho logies in terraces and bars in

the valleys of the Columbia, Okanogan , and Spokane Rivers and tributar ies. Includes

deposits of the Great Terrace.

GLACIOLACUSTRINE TERRACE DEPOSITS - Silt, sand, and gravel deposited in glacial lakes that

formed along the Columbia, Okanogan, and Spokane Rivers and their tributaries . In­

cludes deposits of the Nespelem Terrace . Surface of the terraces may exhibit local

modification by fluvial and catastrophic floOOwaters.

GLACIAL DEPOS ITS - Till, out~ash, and ice-contact stratified deposits in moraines, till

plains, and melt-water channels and terraces.

TIETON ANOESITE - Andesitic flow of the lowe r Naches River drainage.

GRAVEL OF TERRACE REl'f'lANTS - Gravel and coarse sand in remnants of high fluvial terraces

and alluvial fans with1n the Yakima River drainage basin. Includes the Cowiche gravel .

Age uncertain, but may be in par t correlative with Thorp Gravel, Ellensburg Formation,

Ringold formation ·, and gravels of ancestral Columbia River { Tc).

THORP GRAVEL - Fluvial {?) gravel in dissected high terraces and alluvial fans in the

Ki tt itas Va l ley . Probably correlative with the upper Ringold Formation .

RINGOLD FORMATION - Fluvial and lacustrine c ~ay, silt, sand, conglomerate and fang lomerate

of diverse composition. Includes a cap of thick, well-developed petrocalcic soil

(caliche ) . May be correlative with the uppermost El lensburg Formation.

GRAVEL OF ANCESTRAL COLU~IA RIVER Predominantly we l l-rounded pebble grave l . Columbia

Rive r provenance indicated by a dominance of quartzite pebbles .

ELLENSBURG FORMATION - Primarily weak ly lithified fl uvia l and laharic deposits. Base un ­

de f ined . Mapped only II/here they over l ie the Yakima Basal t SubGroup. Dominated by

dacitic , andesitic, and pumiceous clasts.

YAKIMA BASALT SUBGROUP - Lava flows of t he Saddle Mountains, Wanapum, and Grande Ronde

Basalt Formations. Includes sedimentary interbeds of the Ellensburg and Latah

Format ions, local colluvium , caliche, and widespread thin loess.

PRE-MIOCENE ROCK S, UNDIFFERENTIATED - Prima r ily Precambrian through Mesozoic metamorphic

and plutonic rocks, and early Tertiary sedimentary and vo lcanic rocks .

Contact

Map unit sym bols, cor relat ions , and descriptions compi led by Kurt L. Ot hberg1

Jo mes G. Rigby, and Glenndo Mclucas

Geo l ogic Mapping of Late Cenoz oic Sediments, Co lumbia Basin, Washington

1Z0° 111° ~--+------t-----+--~- 49"

G .. olc,gic "'"l'Pil"I\J, 1976- 79, by N.P. Ca""°"ll ( area ! ) ; L. G. f>ar,, .. ,n

( 3rea 2): L P. Kiver, D. f . Stndling, an<l J.G. fligby (eree J ) ; G.

D. WebetH ( lire& 4 ) ; and J .T. Li llie (area'; ) , The g,,ology of

Uv: nortr. centnl 1olalla Wa lh Quedrangle, QW the :,ouU, central

Ritzville Quadrang le was field checked, s;mplif ied , "'Kl gerieral­

i zed frnrn Gro lier Bnd Bingrn>OI (1971). The IJ"Dlogy of the ~auth­

eastern portioo of t~ Wenatcr.ee l),a<:1r&r19l<' wH field check<'d ,

:,i111Plified, a nd gef"Jl! ralized fr oo, lat>or and otr-.era (1977) .

Gr ol ie r , M. J.; Bingha .. , J. W., 1971, Geol ogic ""'P and sections of

p~rls of Crant, Adams and frrilin Counties, Washington, U.S.

Geological Survey Miscell-o..,a Geolc,gic !n•estigetions Mop 1-589 ,

6 shee t s , scale . l:62, ';00.

T.tbor. R. ~. : and others, 1977, Prell,.,ns,r y ,ieol oglc map of the

Wer>a tchoee l:JD0,00 l)Jadr ang l e, ~ashiro9to.i: U.S. Geolugica l

Survey ~n-file Report 77- 5)1, 2~ p.

.

OF