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Integrating User Experience Research into Industrial Design Education

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STEVE VISSERProfessor of Industrial Design

CHERYL ZHENYU QIANAssistant Professor of Interaction DesignDepartment of Art and Design

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Outline

• A challengephysical interaction vs. digital interaction

• The problem setGap between design and cognitive scienceGap between design and evaluationGap between design and information technology

• A solutionCase study: GE healthcare project

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Physical Interaction inProduct Design

4© 2011 Cheryl Zhenyu Qian & Steve Visser, Purdue University



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An urgent need to considerdigital interaction


User Interaction Experience00

interface + navigation


Interface

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A boundary across which two independent systems meet and act on or communicate with each other.


Interface00

What is the industrial designer’s responsibility?

Physical interface itself

or

Integration of digital & physical interface


Interface Evolution00

first UIs WIMP more dynamic, tangible & natural14© 2011 Cheryl Zhenyu Qian & Steve Visser,

Purdue University

User Interface00

Engineering-centered

user-centered


A Humanized InterfaceLessons learned so far:• Don’t replace humans • Don’t replicate humans• Reflect human behavior.

Three qualities of the human interface (Christopher Fahey, IXDA 2010)– Sentience– Intimacy– Personality

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Navigation00


Lost in the navigation01






To integrate physical and digital interaction in education, there are gaps


Gap between design and cognitive science

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How your eyes cheat you


How your mental model fails

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Cognition Models00

• Human information processing• Embodied cognition• Distributed cognition• Internal & external cognition…• More to explore


Gap between design and evaluation methods

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design

implementationevaluation

Cost of not evaluating

Costs of …• Fixing• Customer, Technical and Web Support• Upgrades/patches• Training• Lost competitive advantage• Damage to company reputation


What methods are there?• Laboratory tests

requires human subjects that act as end users

– Experimental methodologies• highly controlled observations and measurements to

answer very specific questions i.e., hypothesis testing

– Usability testing• mostly qualitative, less controlled observations of users

performing tasks


What methods are there?• Interface inspection

done by interface professionals, no end users necessary

– Usability heuristics• several experts analyze an

interface against a handful of principles

– Walkthroughs• experts and others analyze an

interface by considering what a user would have to do a step at a time while performing their task


What methods are there?• Field studies

requires established end users in their work context

– Ethnography• field worker immerses themselves in a

culture to understand what that culture is doing

– Contextual inquiry• interview methodology that gains

knowledge of what people do in their real-world context


What methods are there?

• Self reportingrequires established or potential end users

– interviews– questionnaires– surveys


Gap between design and information technology

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Planned Curriculum01


1st year Fall Semester: •Introduction to Interaction Design•MFA program orientation •Theory in Art Seminar •Problems in Industrial Design I

1st year Spring Semester: •Cognition for Interaction Design •Design History I •Advanced Web Authoring •Elective course

2nd year Fall Semester: •Problems in Industrial Design II •Design History II •Elective course

2nd year Spring Semester: •Information Visualization Design•Research Methods•Directed Project Research

3rd year Fall Semester:•Robot and Culture•MFA Project Research in Design•MFA thesis

3rd year Spring Semester:•Interaction Design Evaluation•MFA Project Research in Design•MFA graduate exhibition•MFA thesis

Planned Curriculum01


1st year Fall Semester: •Introduction to Interaction Design•MFA program orientation •Theory in Art Seminar •Problems in Industrial Design I

1st year Spring Semester: •Cognition for Interaction Design •Design History I •Advanced Web Authoring •Elective course

2nd year Fall Semester: •Problems in Industrial Design II •Design History II •Elective course

2nd year Spring Semester: •Information Visualization Design•Research Methods•Directed Project Research

3rd year Fall Semester:•Robot and Culture•MFA Project Research in Design•MFA thesis

3rd year Spring Semester:•Interaction Design Evaluation•MFA Project Research in Design•MFA graduate exhibition•MFA thesis

GE Healthcare Home Monitor

for patients of Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's, Arthritis, Cerebral Palsy


Existing Product Usability Tests00


Identified Problems00


Diseases Research00


Empathic Research00


Identified Many ProblemsFor example, for CP• Impossible to make universal product creation since no two CP patients are exactly the same.• If wake up during the midnight, it is very hard to adjust position and fall back to sleep• Lack of resources to organize series of training• Lack of adequate information resources for patients who are over age of 18.• Expensive products and treatments• Eager to regain some form of freedom: from human aides, of movement, of social interaction.

…

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The design goal changed from monitoring to improving the chronic conditions and life quality

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Concept Progression00

Each team illustrate 12 design concepts42© 2011 Cheryl Zhenyu Qian & Steve Visser,

Purdue University

Review Concepts00

96 design concepts generated from 8 teams


Physical Prototypes00


Digital Prototypes00


Design Evaluation00


Design Outcome00


© 2011 Cheryl Zhenyu Qian & Steve Visser, Purdue University

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Arthritis Problem

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The solution.

Fits comfortably in hand

Design Outcome of Enable

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Track how long you have been inactiveDesign Outcome for Arthritis


Review the process


• Design research to identify problems

• Brainstorming to generate alternatives

• Create digital and physical prototypes

• Cognitive consideration to enforce designs

• Evaluation to ensure quality

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Now, our students are working on a Whirlpool project

“How the washer and dryer teach you to do laundry properly?”
