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Prince Edward Island Farm Safety Code of Practice


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CODE OF PRACTICE

Disclaimer: The information in this manual is intended to provide farm owners and managers withan overview of occupational health and safety requirements in the province of Prince EdwardIsland. The manual refers to the Occupational Health and afety !ct and various regulations madeunder the !ct. !lthough every attempt is made to ensure that the information provided is accurate"the manual is not intended to #e comprehensive and is not intended to serve as legal advice. The

document is prepared for convenience purposes. The information contained in the manual iscurrent as of Decem#er $" %&&' and does not reflect any changes to the Occupational Health andafety !ct and regulations after that date.

(e gratefully ac)nowledge The *ova cotia +arm afety ,ode of Practice for permission to adaptmaterial.

Pu#lished #y The (or)ers ,ompensation -oard of Prince Edward Island.

ersion: %.&Decem#er" %&&'

Cover photo: Tourism PEI /Paul Baglole


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INTRODUCTION

+actor s

#eyond the contr ol

of most f ar mer s have

radicallyaltered theface ofPrinceEdwardIslandfarmingover thelast fewdecades.,rophandlingcosts"equipment

prices" andthe

development ofcorporatefarmschallengethesurvival ofthe familyrun farm.Thenecessityto run thefarm as acompetitive #usinessis part ofthischallenge.

+rom time to time"as a farmer" youwill pro#a#ly hireothers to help runyour farmoperation. Thefarm is no longer

/ust a 0familyfarm1. It is a

#usiness enterpriseinvolving0employer2wor)er1relationships. !s


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theem

ployer"youareresponsi

#letoensurethehealthandsafetyofall

peo plewor )ingonyourfar m.3ustasyouneed to)nowcro

pmanagement"youalsoneed to)nowwhat is

required #y PrinceEdward Island4soccupationalhealth and safetylegislation. Thelegislation can #eused as a farmmanagement toolwhich can helpyou farm moresafely and more

profita#ly.

Injuries inAgriculture

!ll farms havedangerousmachinery andwor) situations.People of allages" who wor)and live onfarms" are atris) of in/ury.,hildren areespeciallyvulnera#le toha5ards onfarms #ecause itis their home" aswell as" a placeof wor). 6oung"ine7periencedwor)ers are at ahigher ris) forin/uries thanoldere7periencedwor)ers.Performancechanges whichoccur withaging can resultin reduced

#alance andreaction time"vision andhearingimpairment.


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Theseandotherchangesaf f ecttheagingf ar mer 4sa

#ility

to wor) safely.

(or)ing aloneand time pressurealso increase theris) of in/ury.(hen thesein/uries occur"especially atcritical farmingtimes" they canreduce farmrevenues. 8osinga lim# and theresulting loss of

productive wor) time can devastate

#oth the short andthe long2term

profita#ility of afarm operation.

!s of 3anuary $"%&&9" theOccupationalHealth and afety!ct will apply toall wor)places"including farms.The purpose ofthe +arm afety

,ode of Practiceis to providesome tools thatcan help youmanage healthand safety onyour farm andmeet your legalo#ligations. Thisguide will e7plainhow you candevelop andmaintain ahealthy and safefarm wor)placefor your wor)ers"your family andyourself.


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RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE ACT SECTION 1

What is the ar! Sa"et# C$%e $" Practice&

The ar! Sa"et# C$%e $" Practice is n$t la' . It is a tool which can #e used to provide practical guidance or recommendations which are meant to help a farm employer meet the requirements of theOccupational Health and afety !ct. However" in cases where a prosecution has resulted from a #reach

of the Occupational Health and afety !ct" the +arm afety ,ode of Practice may #e used as evidence of correct procedure. +or more information" refer to the Occupational Health and afety !ct The !ct;"ection internal responsi#ility system.>

,eneral O+ligati$ns $" E!*l$#ers an% W$r-ers

E!*l$#ers

ection $% of the Occupational Health and afety !ct lists the duties and responsi#ilities for employers.These general duties state that employers are responsi#le to ta)e every reasona#le precaution to protectthe health and safety of any person on or near the wor)place. E7amples of employer duties are :

1x Provide and maintain machinery" equipment and materials in a safe condition2x Provide adequate information" instruction and training to ena#le wor)ers to wor) safely3x Ensure wor)ers are adequately supervised4x Ensure wor)ers are familiar with the health and safety ha5ards of the farm tas) at hand5x Ensure wor)ers are familiar with the proper use of all devices" equipment and clothing required

for their protection" and6x ,onsult with wor)ers on health and safety matters

Employers must ma)e the following items availa#le to wor)ers at the wor)place and post in a prominent place:

1x ! current copy of the !ct2x Information and reports issued #y the +arm afety pecialist?Occupational Health and afety

Officer3x @elevant ,ode of Practice

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W$r-ers

(or)ers including dependent contractors;" while they are at wor)" must ta)e reasona#le care to protecttheir own safety and health" as well as that of others on or near the farm operation. E7amples of wor)ers4

duties are:1x To co2operate with their employer and use protective devices" equipment and clothing required #y

the employer2x To consult and cooperate with the employer and other wor)ers on wor)place health and safety

issues3x To co2operate with any Occupational Health and afety officials4x To comply with the Occupational Health and afety !ct5x To report any potential wor)place ha5ards or dangers to a supervisor

W$r-ers Ha(e Three Basic Rights That Hel* The! Carr# Out Their Res*$nsi+ilities "$r Sa"et#.

The Right t$ /n$'(or)ers have the right to know a#out the ha5ards of their /o#s. They should )now how to recogni5e anddeal with those ha5ards so they won4t cause in/ury or health pro#lems to themselves or to others in thewor)place.

The Right t$ Partici*ate(or)ers have the right to participate in health and safety in the wor)place. Employers should consultwith them on matters that affect wor)er4s safety.

Right t$ Re"use W$r- (or)ers have the right to refuse to do work which they have reasona#le grounds to #elieve wouldendanger their health or safety" or another personAs health or safety. If a wor)er refuses to wor)" he or shemust immediately report to a supervisor. urther in"$r!ati$n $n the *r$ce%ure t$ ta-e *lace 'here a'$r-er re"uses t$ '$r- an% in"$r!ati$n $n h$' the '$r-er is t$ +e reassigne% t$ $ther '$r- can+e "$un% in the Occu*ati$nal Health an% Sa"et# Act0 Secti$ns 20 3 an% 456

O'ners

(here a farmer owns land #ut does not operate the farm" she?he still has specific duties in the conte7t of occupational health and safety. The farmer2owner must ta)e every reasona#le precaution to ensure theland that is #eing used is maintained in a manner that ensures the health and safety of persons on or near the farm. If the owner has any information that may #e necessary to identify or eliminate ha5ards on the

property" he or she must provide that information to the employer. Information on ownerAs duties can #efound in the Occupational Health and afety !ct" ection $B.

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Sel"7E!*l$#e% Pers$ns

! self2employed person wor)ing on a farm isrequired to ta)e the same precautions that awor)er would ta)e to protect themselves andothers who may #e affected #y their activities.

elf2employed persons are also required tocooperate with an employer or anyone elseengaged in occupational health and safetyactivities on the farm. +urther information on theduties of self2employed persons can #e found inthe Occupational Health and afety !ct" ection$9.

Su**liers

! supplier is any person who manufactures"supplies" sells" leases" distri#utes or installs tools"equipment" machinery" devices or #iological"chemical or physical agents. uppliers areresponsi#le to ensure that anything they supply isin safe condition and properly la#eled. +urtherinformation on supplierAs duties can #e found inthe Occupational Health and afety !ct" ection$C.

ar! Sa"et# S*ecialist 8 OHS O""icers

+arm afety pecialist?OH Officers areappointed #y the (or)ers ,ompensation -oard.The +arm afety pecialist4s responsi#ilitiesinclude the development and delivery of Healthand afety education programs to the Island farm

sector" conducting wor)place inspections"investigating in/ury and fatal accidents and reportsof violations to the Occupational Health and

afety !ct or mo)e +ree Places !ct. Educationsessions on the Occupational Health and afety!ct and +arm afety ,ode of Practice areavaila#le to all farm employers at no cost.

(hen conducting farm inspections" the +armafety pecialist must #e aware of #io2security

#etween farms and within farms" and mustfollow general disinfection programsaccordingly.

The +arm afety pecialist has a num#er of powersto ensure compliance with the Occupational Healthand afety !ct and the mo)e +ree Places !ct. +ore7ample" the +arm afety pecialist can inspect afarm at any reasona#le hour of the day or night.+urther information on inspections and the powersof an officer can #e found in the OccupationalHealth and afety !ct" ection 9.

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RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE ACT SECTION 1S*eci"ic Re9uire!ents $" the Act

E!*l$#er 'ith : T$ 13 W$r-ers

If an employer has at least five regularly employed wor)ers #ut less than twenty" the employer needsan

Occu*ati$nal Health an% Sa"et# P$lic# and a Health 8 Sa"et# Re*resentati(e6

Occu*ati$nal Health 8 Sa"et# P$lic#

!n employer" who has five or more regularly employed persons" requires a written OccupationalHealth and afety Policy. The policy must #e reviewed annually. Information on content and howit should #e prepared can #e found in the Occupational Health and afety !ct" ection %=. !sample policy is included in !ppendi7 !.

Health an% Sa"et# Re*resentati(e

In every wor)place that has five or more regularly employed persons #ut less than twenty;" thewor)ers shall select a health and safety representative from among the wor)ers at the wor)place.The purpose of a Health and afety @epresentative is to direct attention to safety issues andfacilitate communication #etween the owner" supervisor or manager" and the wor)ers to find asolution on safety concerns. This will help reduce losses resulting from accidents and occupationalillness. Information on the responsi#ilities of the @epresentative and the employer can #e found inthe Occupational Health and afety !ct" ection %'.'.

E!*l$#er 'ith ;$re Than 5 W$r-ers

If an employer has more than twenty regularly employed wor)ers" the employer needs" in addition toanOccu*ati$nal Health an% Sa"et# P$lic# " a


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Re*$rting $" Acci%ents +# E!*l$#ers

!ll accidents must #e reported in which a wor)er is critically in/ured in a manner which:1x ,auses a fatality

2x Places a life in /eopardy3x Produces unconsciousness4x @esults in su#stantial loss of #lood5x Involves the fracture or amputation of an arm" leg" hand or foot6x ,auses #urns to a ma/or portion of the #ody or7x ,auses the loss of sight in one eye

Employers shall ensure that all critical in/uries are immediately reported to the Director of OccupationalHealth and afety and to the 3O H committee or Health and afety @epresentative in the wor)placewithin %= hours of the accident.

It is an offense to distur# the scene of an accident e7cept to attend to in/ured wor)ers or to prevent further in/ury or damage to property until Occupational Health and afety has investigated the accident.

!ll accidental e7plosions" regardless of in/uries" must #e reported in writing to the Director of Occupational Health and afety within %= hours.

The = h$ur e!ergenc# res*$nse nu!+er is > 27?:146An $""icer is al'a#s $n call t$ res*$n% t$ an acci%ent6

List $" Che!icals an% Pestici%es 7 OHS Act Re9uire!ent+armers must prepare a list of all chemical su#stances in the wor)place which may #e a ha5ard to thehealth or safety of wor)ers. The list must include the chemical trade name" address of the supplier andmanufacturer" chemical composition and common or generic name" to7ic effects of e7posure" protectivemeasures to #e used and emergency measures to #e used to deal with e7posure. The list must #e availa#leto all wor)ers. Information on chemicals can #e found in the Occupational Health and afety !ct"

ection


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;ANA,IN, AR; SA ET@ SECTION

The "$ll$'ing ste*s are a *ractical an% e""ecti(e 'a# $" c$ntr$lling ha ar%s.

Ste* 1. I%enti"# the Ha ar%

!ll farm tas)s" equipment and su#stances should #e e7amined. (hen listing ha5ards use:1x Information from past accidents" near accidents and other e7periences2x Information from your family" wor)ers" neigh#ors3x Product literature and information from suppliers4x ,onsult #est industry practices5x se your sense of sight" smell" touch and hearing to identify ha5ards6x ,losely e7amine areas or activities where children or visitors may #e present

Ste* . Assess the Ris-

Ris- is the chance that an e isting ha ar% !a# actuall# cause har! $r injur# .

@is) assessment mainly depends on two factors1x The likelihood of an incident 2 Is it li)ely or unli)ely to occur2x The severity of the incident 2 ,ould it cause death" serious in/ury" or minor in/ury

To assess the ris) of a ha5ard hurting someone" as) questions li)e:

1x How many people come in contact with the ha5ard2x How often3x How seriously could someone #e harmed4x How quic)ly could a dangerous situation come up if something goes wrong

This will help you to decide which ha5ards should #e ta)en care of immediately. !lso" you can use thisinformation to help you decide what to inspect" when to carry them out and how often.The ris) also depends on factors such as the physical and mental a#ilities of the individual e.g. youngoperator;" the weather and terrain e.g. mud on a wet road;" how the equipment is used e.g. wor)ingon uneven or hilly terrain; and the )nowledge and s)ills of those performing the wor).

Ste* 4. Eli!inate $r C$ntr$l the Ha ar%

There are several ways to control a ha5ard. Pic) the way s; that is reasona#le and practical for thecircumstances you face.

1. Eli!inate ha5ards posed #y equipment" animals" and the environment if at all possi#le. 6oucould" for e7ample" get rid of a faulty machine" sell a #ull that is difficult to handle" put hillyterrain into pastureland rather than cultivate it.

2. Su+stitute something safer #y using a different machine" material or wor) practice that posesless ris) to perform the same tas). +or e7ample" you could su#stitute a safer chemical for aha5ardous chemical" or always use your safest tractor a tractor equipped with rollover

protection; in steep terrain to minimi5e the ris) of a rollover.

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;ANA,IN, AR; SA ET@ SECTION

3. Use engineering %esign c$ntr$ls when it4s not possi#le to eliminate ha5ards or su#stitute safer materials or machinery. Engineered controls are PTO and auger guards" rollover protectivestructures @OP ; and #ra)e loc)s. Design controls that isolate the wor)er?family from the ha5ardincluding childproof loc)s on pesticide sheds" fenced safe play areas away from the immediatewor) environment and locating grain #ins away from electrical lines.

4. Pr$tect the '$r-ers if other controls are inadequate. Protect wor)ers through training" supervision" and personal protective equipment PPE;. +or e7ample" you should supervise newwor)ers until you4re sure they are competent to deal with ha5ardous situations. se and provide

proper clothes and respirator protection for handling dangerous chemicals or #ioha5ards. Ensuresomeone at the wor)site is trained to provide first aid.

The most desira#le step in ma)ing a farm environment safe is to eliminate the ha5ard. To adequatelycontrol ha5ards in many situations" however" several different types of controls may #e needed.

Hierarch# $" C$ntr$ls

I ! * $ r t a n c e

O r % e r $ "


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Eli!inate Re!$(e ha ar% at s$urcee.g. ,ull a cross #ull

Su+stitute 'ith less haAar%$us ris- Use $ther *r$ce%ures $r e9ui*!ente.g. elect a new #ull considering temperament

Engineering C$ntr$ls Sa"e W$r- ;$%i"#0 re*air '$r- *r$ce%urePr$ce%ures that re%uce the ris- e.g. Hse approved livestoc) handling equipment

Pers$nal Pr$tecti(e E9ui*!ent PPE Wear hearing *r$tecti$n0 !as-s0 g$ggles0gl$(es0 etc6

e.g. Provide afety footwear I!*le!entB!$nit$r c$ntr$ls Use Sa"et# ;anage!ent T$$lse.g. onthly inspection chec)lists

+igure


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IRST AID E;ER,ENCIES SECTION 4

+irst !id training and emergency preparedness provide ine7pensive insurance for you" yourfamily and your wor)ers. It has #een welldocumented that wor)ers trained in +irst !id areless li)ely to have accidents and suffer in/uries.

,eneral Precauti$ns

1. Ensure that the recommended num#er of wor)ers hold valid emergency" standard" or advanced +irst !id certificates fromrecogni5ed training agencies

2. Keep a record of all in/uries 2 even minor ones"and note any +irst !id care that was given

3. Ensure that +irst !id service is accessi#le to allwor)ers during all wor)ing hours

4. Ensure that transportation is availa#le at all

times to transport an in/ured wor)er5. Ensure wor)ers understand the need for

+irst !id )itsF that the )it is adequate for the num#er of wor)ers and located in thecurrent wor) area

irst Ai% TrainingThere are various levels of training andsupplies required depending on the num#er ofwor)ers on the farm.

Nu!+er $" W$r-ers

%2$J (or)ers !t least one wor)er with a valid

%&2JJ (or)ers !t least one person with a valid

ore than $&& (or)ers !t least one person with a valid

E!ergenc# Pre*are%ness

-eing prepared for an emergency situation can #erelatively ine7pensive #ut can #e worth a fortunewhen an emergency occurs.

1x ,onsider all possi#le emergency

scenarios" the li)elihood of thescenario and the potentialconsequences which may occur onyour operation.

2x Try to prioriti5e the scenarios andthen address those with the greatestli)elihood or worst outcomes first.

3x Thin) in terms of the different seasons and theactivities that would normally #e ta)ing placeon your farm at that time for e7ample" floodwaters are rare in Decem#er" #ut notuncommon in !pril.

Use"ul ite!s "$r E!ergencies.1x Posted civic address and emergency phone

num#ers2x +irst aid supplies and hand#oo)" #lan)ets3x +lashlight" a porta#le radio" spare #atteries"

candles" matches and mo#ile telephone4x +ood that requires little or no coo)ing and no

refrigeration5x Drin)ing water stored in sterile" sealed

plastic6x ,amp stove" hand tools" ropes" wire" shovels"

sleeping #ags" )erosene lamp7x tand#y generator" fuel" ample feed

for livestoc) and pets ensure thegenerator is properly connectedaccording to the electrical code;

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PERSONAL PROTECTIFE EGUIP;ENT SECTION =

Personal Protective Equipment PPE; is worn to protect farm wor)ers from in/ury. TheOccupational Health and afety !ct requirewor)ers to wear personal protective equipment

#ased on the ha5ards that they are e7posed to.Employers must also ensure that wor)ers aretrained in the proper use and care of PPE and thatthe wor)er wears the equipment properly.

It is the responsi#ility of the employer to:1) Either provide the necessary equipmentF

or"2) Have wor)ers provide any necessary

equipment themselves as a condition of employment.

T#*es $" Pers$nal Pr$tecti(e E9ui*!ent

Please consult the la#el or material safetydata sheets D ; for informationregarding personal protective equipment to

#e worn when handling chemicals or pesticides. uppliers of chemicals or pesticides should #e a#le to provide currentla#els or D sheets.

Hea% Pr$tecti$n 7 Tas)s where there is a ris) of falling o#/ects or wor)ing on?under equipment

could result in a head in/ury. (ear head protection" such as safety hats.

E#e ace Pr$tecti$n 2 (elding" grinding" pesticide mi7ing are e7amples of tas)s whereeye or face in/ury may result. afety glasses"goggles or face shield should #e worndepending on the tas).

$$t Pr$tecti$n 2 (or)ing around animals" heavyo#/ects" in the woods" farm chemicals could resultin foot in/uries. (ear footwear such as steel toed

#oots when wor)ing with heavy o#/ects oranimalsF use ru##er or neoprene #oots when usingfarm chemicals" leather footwear will a#sor# thechemical. se chainsaw safety #oots whenwor)ing in the woods.

Han% Pr$tecti$n 2 Tas)s where there is a dangerof cuts" scrapes" #ruises or chemical contact" usethe appropriate gloves for the tas). (hen wor)ingwith chemicals use a chemical resistant glove orthe type of glove recommended #y thela#el? D sheets. se gloves when handlinginfected animals.

Lung Pr$tecti$n 2 ilos gases" grain #ins" manurestorage" chemical application could all result in lungdamage. The respiratory equipment used shouldmatch the ha5ard present. +or e7ampleF use dustmas)s in dusty situations such as confinement #arnsor grain storageF use a respirator with chemicalcontrol cartridge mas) as required #y la#elinstructions when dealing with pesticidesF selfcontained #reathing apparatus where manure or silogases are present. Ensure that wor)ers )now how touse" clean" maintain and are 0fit tested1 for theapproved respirator equipment.

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PERSONAL PROTECTIFE EGUIP;ENT SECTION =

Hearing Pr$tecti$n 7 *oise that e7ceeds 2:%eci+els . The rule of thum# is that if you can4t hearanother person spea)ing when standing at armslength from them" ear protection should #e worn.Hearing protection requirements are determined #ythe sound level and the time e7posed to the noise.The damage resulting from over e7posure may not

#e noticed as the effects may not #e e7perienceduntil later in life. Damage from noise e7posure isnot reversi#le so wear appropriately rated hearing

protection suited for the tas)s #eing performed.@efer to Ta#le C.$ for e7amples of deci#el levels.

Deci+el le(els $" s$!e c$!!$n acti(ities

ordinary conversation

passenger car

ventilation fans

very #usy traffic

farm tractor at operator4s position;$% hp gas engine driving auger;

,hainsaw

+orestry equipment

wine #arn at feeding

Ta#le =.$ Deci#el levels of some common activitiesource ,entre for !gricultural edicine" $JJ9;

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;ACHINER@ AND TOOL SA ET@ SECTION :

achinesF no farm can function without them.They save valua#le time and are essential toagricultural productivity. They also represent anever2present danger to the people who operatethem. There are a host of ha5ards that ma)esagricultural machinery the leading cause of in/uryand death on farms.

afe machinery operation primarily depends onhow you operate the machine. achines areinanimate o#/ectsF they cannot thin)" reason" oradapt to meet the needs of people. Theresponsi#ility for machinery safety rests withyou. 3ust as we are told to drive defensivelywhen operating an automo#ile" machineoperators should always #e thin)ing ahead andanticipating potential ha5ards.

(hen e7amining machinery and wor)shopareas ta)e notice of the common ha5ardsassociated with the equipment and tools onfarms. Train your wor)ers to use e7tra cautionwhen wor)ing with identified ha5ardous areasof equipment.

C$!!$n Ha ar%s Ass$ciate% 'ith;achiner#.

1. Pinch *$ints are areas where two ormore parts move together with at leastone part moving in a circle. The areaswhere drive #elts contact pulleys orsproc)ets mesh with chains are primee7amples of pinch points.

2. Crush *$ints are ha5ards involving twocomponents moving toward each other.E7amples of crush2point ha5ards are theraising and lowering equipment with athree2point hitch" components that aremoved #y hydraulic cylinders and the

areas #etween the tractor and machinery

when hitching or turning.

3. Wra* entangle!ent *$int ha5ards pertain to any e7posed rotatingcomponent. (rap2point ha5ardsinclude any type of rotating shaft or driveline. PTO drivelines are primee7amples of wrapping or entanglementha5ards.

4. Pull7in *$int ha5ards involvemechanisms designed to ta)e incrops or other materials for

processing. They include com#ineheaders" windrow pic)ups" foragechopper headers" and grinders.

5. Shear an% cutting *$int ha5ards are areaswhere two parts move across one anotheror one moves across a stationary o#/ect.(indrower cutter #ars and grain augers aree7amples of cutting and shear points.

6. Thr$'n $+jects present another type ofmachine ha5ard. etal" glass" wire"stic)s" or other materials may #e pic)edup #y a machine and propelled withe7treme force. @otary mowers are goode7amples of machines capa#le ofthrowing o#/ects.

7. Burn *$int ha5ards are associated withtractors and self2propelled and pull2type

machinery. Hot mufflers" engine #loc)s" pipes" and hot fluids are e7amples of #urn points.

8. St$re% energ# ha ar%s are present in pressuri5ed systems such as hydraulics"compressed air" and springs. The sudden orunsuspected pressuri5ation ordepressuri5ation of these systems can resultin crushing and other types of accidents"depending on the use of the system. High2

pressure lea)s are also forms of storedenergy ha5ards.

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;achiner# ;aintenance

@epairs and maintenance to farm machinery"equipment and associated wor)shop tas)s arenecessary to ensure optimum machinery

performance and efficiencyF however these tas)sare among the most frequent causes of farmin/uries. *umerous accidents occur #ecauseoperators attempt to ma)e repairs or ad/ustmentswhile a machine was running. Others have #eenin/ured or )illed #y #eing crushed whenequipment fell while they were wor)ingunderneath it.

Ta)e the time to identify potential ha5ardsand develop safe procedures for wor)shoptas)s" paying particular attention to thetraining and supervision of young andine7perienced wor)ers.

,eneral Sa"et# Precauti$n.Develop safe procedures for wor)ing around allmachineryF #egin #y putting the followingguidelines in place:

1x @ead and follow all safety procedures inthe manufacturer4s manual.

2x Turn off the machine and ta)e the )ey #efore ma)ing any repairs or ad/ustments.

3x -loc) raised hydraulic equipment. Do notdepend on hydraulic systems to )eep theimplement or attachment in a raised

position.4x Ensure adequate wor)ing space for the /o#5x Provide and use appropriate personal

protective equipment6x ,hec) to ensure there is sufficient lighting

and ventilation7x Keep wal)ways and e7its clear8x aintain required fire fighting and first aid

equipment in the wor) area.9x Ensure fuel" compressed air" electrical or

other services are safely installed andmaintained.

10x odify machinery consideredha5ardous or remove it from service if itcan not #e made safe to operate.

11x Ensure guarding is safely replaced after maintenance /o#s are completed.

12x Have guards designed and fitted for older machinery and newly purchased usedmachinery.

,uar%ing 8 Warning Signs

odern farm machinery is factory equipped with avariety of safety features" including guards" shields"and warning signs designed to reduce in/uries.

*eedless in/uries and deaths occur #ecause safetyguards are removed" #ro)en" or torn off duringoperation. Ta)e the time to inspect your machineryfor missing or damaged safety guards and warningsigns. If guards or warning signs are missing ordamaged" repair or replace them #efore using themachine.

! guar% may #e any shield" cover" casing" or physical or electronic #arrier" intended to preventcontact #etween a ha5ardous machine part and any

part of a person or a personAs clothing. All !$(ing*arts $" !achiner# sh$ul% +e guar%e%6

anufacturers of new machinery and equipmentare legally required to ensure dangerous parts aresafely guarded so that operators and others are

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,eneral Sa"et# Precauti$ns

Ensure machinery guards1x are maintained to manufacturerAs specification2x are not removed until the machine is stopped and isolated with a tagged loc)2out switch" and

all sources neutrali5ed" e.g. pressure in the hydraulic" or low pressure gas 8PG; line3x are always in place on dangerous parts of machinery4x are conveniently placed so that users" operators and service and maintenance people are less

li)ely to remove them permanently5x are strong and dura#le enough for the machine part they cover6x protect users" operators and #ystanders against #urns caused #y hot parts

P$'er Ta-e O"" PTO Dri(elines

Power ta)eoff drivelines shafts; are among the oldest and most common machinery ha5ards. E7posed #olts" universal /oints" #urrs" or other pro/ections on rotating components can gra# clothing" resultingin instant entanglement. Do your part to reduce PTO in/uries and deaths:

1x Ensure PTO drivelines are fully shielded.2x *ever attempt to step over rotating PTO drivelines" no matter how slowly they may #e turning.3x *ever attempt to operate tractor controls from the rear of the tractor.4x *ever wear loose" #aggy clothing around PTO drivelines.5x Keep long hair pulled #ac) to avoid entanglement.6x tay well clear of rotating PTO drivelines.

Han% an% P$'er T$$ls

,eneral Precauti$ns1x se the correct tool for the /o#.2x Keep tools in good condition. Handles should #e tight and free from defect. ,utting tools should

#e )ept sharp. (edges and punches should #e free from >mushroom heads>.3x se and maintain power tools according to their instructions.4x a)e sure power tools are properly grounded or are dou#le insulated. *ever cut the three2prong

plug off or use a two prong adapter.5x witch off and unplug power tools #efore changing #lades or servicing and repairing.6x (ear clothing with no strings or loose ends to catch on things.7x (ear appropriate personal protective equipment PPE;" such as glasses" goggles" dust mas)s" face

shields" hearing protection" etc.

8x Keep #ystanders at a safe distance.9x Keep all guards and shields in place. 8earn to use a >push stic)> with ta#le saws.10x nplug and put tools away after use. ,onsider loc)ing out power tools to prevent others

from using them without permission" especially young children.

Bl$c-ing is !an%at$r# $n all l$a%a+le0 "ree 'heeling "ar! e9ui*!ent6Page$C


24/59

TRACTOR SA ET@ SECTION >

Tract$r ;aintenance

@egular maintenance of farm tractors can prevent ha5ardous incidents in the field and in the wor) shopFhowever" it is well documented that individuals can #e )illed or seriously in/ured while performing simple

maintenance tas)s and repairs to farm tractors.(hen planning tractor maintenanceF

1x ,hec) that the right equipment is availa#le for the wor) #eing completed.2x Ensure wor)ers are e7perienced and trained to do the tas).3x Ensure wor)ers are )nowledgea#le in safe procedures.4x Ensure wor)ers are aware of the dangers in performing maintenance wor) in the field.5x Prevent accidental start2up.

,eneral Precauti$ns

The following general precautions can help reduce the ris) of accidents during maintenance procedures.1x @outinely chec) #ra)es" clutches and drives" according to the manual2x Ensure steering" e7haust system and #ra)es are in top condition3x top the motor #efore refueling" servicing or greasing4x *ever remove or replace #elts while pulleys are under power5x Keep steps and wor)ing platforms free of grease and oil to avoid slips and falls6x If the engine overheats" allow time for it to cool off #efore removing the radiator cap

O*erating a Tract$r

,onstant vigilance is required when operating or wor)ing with tractors and other mechani5ed equipment.

Ha5ardous areas include:1x moving mechanical partsF2x raised hydraulic cylinders"3x climatic conditions"4x uneven terrain" and5x #y2standers

! )ey procedure for preventing tractor accidents is operator training and the esta#lishment of safe procedures for tas)s such as hitching e7ternal equipment.

,hildren on or visiting farms are often at ris) of #eing in/ured #y machinery. inimi5ethe ris)s" teach your children a#out safety on the farm and restrict them from areas

where moving machinery is present and operating.

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TRACTOR SA ET@ SECTION >

,eneral Precauti$ns

Rea% an% "$ll$' all sa"et# *r$ce%ures in the !anu"acturer s !anual6

+ollowing are a num#er of suggestions for improving tractor operator safety:

1x Ensure an approved ca# or roll2over protective structure @OP ; is installed2x Install and use a seat#elt on tractors with @OP3x If there is a ris) from falling o#/ects" install a fall2on protective structure +OP ;4x Keep all guards in place" including the power ta)e2off PTO;5x (ear hearing protection" and remem#er" not all tractor ca#s are sound proof6x +ollow safe maintenance and /ac)ing procedures7x Ensure the operator is properly trained for each type of tractor wor)8x !lways mount and dismount on a tractorAs left side2to avoid controls" where possi#le9x !d/ust the seat so all controls are safely and comforta#ly within reach10x Operate the self2starter from the operator position only

When Dri(ing the Tract$r

1x Drive at speeds slow enough to retain control over une7pected events2x eat #elt use is recommended3x @educe speed #efore turning or applying #ra)es4x (atch out for ditches" logs" roc)s" depressions and em#an)ments5x On steep slopes" without a trailed implement" reverse up the slope for greater safety6x Engage the clutch gently at all times" especially when going uphill or towing7x Descend slopes cautiously in low gear" using the motor as a #ra)e8x *ever mount or dismount from a moving tractor

9x Ensure the par) #ra)e is on and operating effectively #efore dismounting10x Ta)e short #rea)s regularly when wor)ing long hours11x *ever attach implements unless the PTO shaft is guarded

When T$'ing I!*le!ents

1x Ensure all guards on towed implements are in place #efore operating2x +it attachments according to the manufacturerAs instructions3x !lways attach implements to the draw #ar or to the mounting points provided #y the manufacturer 4x @egularly chec) safety pins on towed lift2wing or folding implements" to ensure they are not worn5x *ever hitch a#ove the centre line of the rear a7le" around the a7le housing or to the top lin) pin

6x *ever ad/ust or wor) on implements while they are in motion7x (hen par)ing" always lower the three point hitch and towed implement8x (hen connecting or removing an implement" position yourself to avoid a crushing ha5ard.

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ALL TERRAIN FEHICLES SECTION ?

ost in/uries or deaths are caused #y riderine7perience" lac) of protective equipment andha5ardous driving. ost in/uries and deathsinvolve the #i)e rolling over the rider. People

#etween age $& and %= years are most li)ely to

get hurt or )illed riding an !T .

+or more information on age requirements andrestrictions" please refer to the Off-HighwayVehicle Act Regulations .

;aj$r Causes $" Injur# an% Death.

1x !T is carrying a passenger.2x 8egs or loose clothing get caught in the

!T or #y other o#stacles.3x !T rolls over due to steep incline or hitsan o#stacle.

4x @ider is hit #y a low hanging o#stacle"such as a tree lim#.

5x nevenly distri#uted or poorly securedload tips the !T when in motion

6x The rider is unfamiliar with thecontrols or doesn4t )now how to ridethe !T properly" for e7ample" theyare not aware of the need to shift

#ody weight to maintain the #i)e4scentre of gravity.

7x The rider is driving rec)lessly" such astrying to perform stunts.

8x The !T is poorly maintained" leading

to mechanical failure of vital safetyequipment such as #ra)es.

Sa"et# Suggesti$ns. The ATF

1x se the !T strictly according to themanufacturer4s instructions.

2x 8eave all safety guards in place.3x If your !T needs accessories"

ma)e sure to use themanufacturer4s equipment or their recommendations.

4x +it accessories properly. Don4t Lcustomi5e4the fit or you may compromise the !T 4ssta#ility.

5x trictly o#serve the load ratings.6x Keep the !T in good mechanical repair.

7x Perform a safety chec) each time #eforeyou ride.

Sa"et# Suggesti$ns. The Ri%er

1x Treat the !T as piece of wor) machinery"not as a recreational vehicle.

2x Only trained people should ride the !T .3x ,aution children a#out the dangers and

ma)e sure they )eep well clear of the !Tat all times.

4x *ever allow passengers on the !T unlessthe !T is designed for a passenger. !

person on the #ac) limits the rider4s a#ilityto shift weight appropriately.

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ALL TERRAIN FEHICLES SECTION ?

1x !lways wear appropriate protective gear. +or e7ample: !pproved helmet with a visor" #oots"gloves" pants and long2sleeved shirt.

2x @ide at an appropriate speed at all times.3x low down #efore turning a corner or #ra)ing.

Sa"et# Suggesti$ns. Terrain

1x (henever possi#le" ride on familiar paths.2x !ssess the terrain carefully #efore choosing to ride on it. teep slopes" particularly if the dirt is

loose or wet" can cause the !T to roll over.3x (atch the ground ahead for potential ha5ards.4x If you4re not confident that you can negotiate a particular stretch of terrain" don4t attempt it" go

another way or turn around.

;a-e sure #$u an% e(er# $ther *ers$n 'h$ 'ill +e $*erating the ATF is *r$*erl#traine%6

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28/59

AR; CHE;ICALS SECTION 2

+arm chemicals can cause in/ury or harm if usedimproperly. ,hemicals include: pesticidesFsanitation and various other products used in

#arns" wor)shops or in the fields. ,ertificationand?or licensing #y Prince Edward IslandDepartment of the Environment , Energy and+orestry is required #y anyone who purchasesand applies agricultural pesticides.

@ead and follow pesticide la#els and material safetydata sheets D ; supplied #y the manufacturerfor information on ha5ards" the requirements for

personal protective equipment" storage and disposalfor each chemical. Ensure chemicals are stored in aloc)ed" well lit and well ventilated area" separatefrom other chemicals that may cause them to reactdangerously. -e aware that solvents in somechemical concentrates can escape as harmful vaporsunless containers are well sealed.

,eneral Precauti$ns

+ollowing are some ways of improving safety in thestorage and disposal of farm chemicals.

1x ,onsider training any wor)er who has anycontact with ha5ardous materials

chemicals" cleaners" pesticides" fuels; inthe (H I system and have aterial

afety Data heets readily availa#le2x Ensure that all pesticide applicators are

certified /licensed in accordance with Pesticides Control Act

3x Post warning signs and emergency num#ers

on pesticide storage4x @ead the la#el for directions on pests

controlled rates" use" storage and disposal5x tore the chemicals in the original

containers with la#els intact and replace lostor damaged la#els with other identification

6x tore respirators" and other protective

clothing and equipment" safely away fromchemicals

7x Keep pesticide storage area loc)ed and usedfor no other purpose

8x Ensure a#sor#ent materials are locatedclose #y to clean up any spills. Thesemay include )itty litter" a#sor#ent

pillows" lime and?or sand9x *ever store chemicals in food or drin)

containers10x 8ocate storage area as far

away as possi#le from humans andlivestoc) to prevent accidental poisoning

Dis*$sal $" Pestici%e C$ntainers

1x Triple or /et rinse empty containers toremove all traces of the chemical

2x (here possi#le" return containers to themanufacturer or supplier" or call the P.E.I.Department of Environment" Energy and+orestry for information on approveddisposal methods

3x aterial afety Data heets may providedisposal information

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AR; CHE;ICALS SECTION 2

Trans*$rting $" Pestici%es

1x Do not leave chemicals unattended during transport2x ecure ha5ardous su#stances on the vehicle so they canAt move or fall off3x Keep a record of the chemicals you are carrying4x ,arry suita#le personal protective equipment" including respiratory equipment if necessary

The #est way to prevent pesticide mishaps is to ensure that you and all your wor)ers are certified under the Prince Edward sland Pesticides Control Act .

St$rage Regulati$ns!ll chemicals must #e stored in accordance with the Prince Edward sland Pesticides Control Act .

Re"er t$ ;SDS sheets $r *estici%e la+els "$r i!*$rtant in"$r!ati$n $n che!ical use0st$rage an% %is*$sal6

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LIFESTOC/ HANDLIN, SECTION 3

*o one can predict animal #ehavior. In/uries relatedto livestoc) handling are common occurrences andcan #e related to a num#er of factors:

1. !nimal #ehavior and temperament

2. Handler training and safe wor) practices3. +acilities and equipment for handling the

animals4. Transmitta#le diseases

C$nsi%er the Ani!al

ome procedures in the handling of animals are thesame regardless of animal:

1x !nimals may #e more unpredicta#le duringcold" windy weather

2x Ha5ards vary according to the age" se7" #reed"weight" temperament and training of animals

3x -e aware that most animals are more aggressiveduring mating season

4x others are protectiveF don4t come #etweenthem and their offspring

5x -e aware that isolated animals #ecome stressedmore easily

6x -e aware of an animalAs flight 5one and use it toyour advantage

7x !void rough handling8x Do not tease or provo)e

9x !void loud shouts or noises that could startlean animal

10x atch your handling s)ill to thetemperament and si5e of the animal

The Han%ler

The most common physical ha5ards livestoc)handlers are e7posed to includeF )ic)s" crushes" slips ?falls and a#rasions ? punctures. These ha5ards can #econtrolled #y good facility maintenance" training anduse of personal protective equipment. se of safetyfootwear with appropriate soles" leather gloves andclothing that is not overly loose which could geteasily snagged is important. Handling methods varygreatly for types of livestoc)F however there are somegenerally accepted rules for all animals:

1x -e calm and deli#erateF most animals respondto routine

2x -e patient" never prod an animal when it hasnowhere to go

3x !lways provide yourself with an escape routewhen wor)ing with an animal in closequarters

4x !pproach animals quietly" and ma)e sure theyare aware of your presence

5x !void sudden movement and loud noises

when wor)ing with livestoc)6x Prepare and communicate safe wor) practices7x (ear appropriate personal protective clothing

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LIFESTOC/ HANDLIN, SECTION 3

acilities an% E9ui*!ent

Poor facilities and equipment can cause in/uries toanimals and the handler. Prior to construction orrenovation of a livestoc) facility" considera#le

planning should #e done. 6ards and sheds should #e strong enough and of a si5e to match the classof livestoc) handled

1x Good yard design will assist the flow of animals

2x Keep facilities in good repair and free from protruding rails" #olts" wire etc.

3x (hen animals need restraining" useapproved restraining devices

4x Try to maintain yards in non2slipperycondition

5x !nimals move easier from dar) to lightareas

6x !ll restraining equipment should #echec)ed regularly for wear or damage

7x Porta#le handling equipment should #esecurely anchored #efore use

Trans!itta+le Diseases in Li(est$c-

@emem#er that animals can carry diseases thatare transfera#le to humans. If the disease is present" treat affected animals appropriately andvaccinate to prevent further occurrence. Proper animal handling and good personal hygiene and

prompt veterinary and medical attention willminimi5e adverse effects.

E7posure to veterinary medicines and animal #loodand #ody fluids may have a health impact onlivestoc) handlers. ,arefully follow administrationdirections and ta)e great care to avoid needle stic)sor direct personal contact with the drugs or animal

#ody fluids.

Personal hygiene is an important factor whendealing with diseased livestoc)F always washwell with water" soap and antiseptic afterhandling livestoc).

Pag

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SILOS BINS AND ;ANURE STORA,E SECTION 15

C$n"ine% S*aces $n ar!s

,onfined spaces are common on agriculturaloperations. !ccess to confined spaces is usuallyrestricted. Often" there is only one way in and

one way out" through a small opening. *aturalventilation is usually poor. Ha5ards associatedwith these types of structures include:insufficient o7ygenF to7ic gasF e7plosiveatmospheresF unguarded machinery andelectrical devicesF entrapment or #urial in grain

#ins or silageF and falls from heights.(hen a confined space accident occurs" assess

the ha5ards #efore rescuing the victim. anyha5ards present in confined spaces are quitedeadlyF there is little a rescuer can do without

placing their own life in danger.

,ommon e7amples of confined spaces are:1x ilos2x grain #ins3x manure pits or tan)s 2 #oth underground

and open4x deep trenches5x well shafts6x septic systems

C$n"ine% s*aces can +e %ea%l# . If the air in the

space is not tested #efore entry" you could #eovercome #y fumes and pass out or die due tolac) of o7ygen" to7ic gases" or an ina#ility toescape quic)ly enough. ultiple deaths oftenoccur when one person enters the space" isovercome" and others try unsuccessfully to savethe first person.

Pre(entati(e Sa"et# ;easures "$rC$n"ine% S*aces.

1. ,onduct a wal)2through of your operation"and closely evaluate each wor) area. 8oo)

not only for the o#vious such as deeptrenches and pits;" #ut also the less o#vious

such as underground tan)s;. ,onsider anyspeciali5ed machinery used in and aroundthese facilities" especially material handlingequipment" which can gra# lim#s andclothing unless adequately guarded"equipment powered #y electricity and PTOdriven equipment.

2. Post warning signs on or ne7t to allconfined spaces. These signs should #esturdy" weatherproof" and display suchwording as" >D!*GE@M ,O*+I*ED

P!,E" DO *OT E*TE@>. @egularlyinspect all warning signs to ma)e sure theyare clean" reada#le" and have not #eentampered with.

3. -e sure that all openings to confinedspaces are appropriately covered or

#loc)ed off. +or e7ample" openings tomanure pits should #e covered withsu#stantial metal grill covers or gates.These provide natural ventilation" andhelp prevent accidental falls orunauthori5ed entry.

4. Provide fall protection or fall arrestequipment at tower silos. If a fall arrestsystem is used it must incorporate a

properly ad/usted full #ody harness andlanyards.

5. If wor)ers are not required to enter aconfined space" loc) the opening to prevententry.

6. Institute a system for warning visitors"family mem#ers" and wor)ers a#out thedangers of confined spaces. +or visitors" thiscould #e as simple as designating someoneto tell them where the confined spaces arelocated and what the warning signs loo)li)e" and instructing the visitors to T!6O TM

7. Have a written confined space entry procedureF including a notification processwhen entering a confined space" emergency

procedure to #e followed in the event of anaccident or emergency and

Page %=


33/59


consider the resources required for rescuing someone who may #ecome trapped in aconfined space.

8. Train all wor)ers who may need to enter a confined space on the dangers associated with silo gas"loose grain and manure gases.

Basic ,ui%elines "$r C$n"ine% S*ace Entr#

1. Test the atmosphere for o7ygen" and for levels of to7ic and e7plosive gases.2. If a dangerous atmosphere e7ists" you must wear a self2contained #reathing apparatus. entilate

the area as thoroughly as possi#le.3. !ll mechanical and electrical equipment must #e loc)ed out.4. se the >#uddy> system and wear a lifeline. ufficient equipment and manpower must #e

availa#le. ! third person should #e on hand to summon assistance" if needed.5. Esta#lish how you will #e communicating #efore entering the confined space. The meaning

of ver#al signals" hand gestures" or tugging line signals must #e understood #y the people onthe outside.

6. *ever re2enter a confined space without retesting and venting the area.

A sel"7c$ntaine% +reathing a**aratus is nee%e% t$ enter areas 'here $ #gen is %e"icient $r 'herethere are t$ ic gases6

(hether you are dealing with a grain #in" manure pit" or other confined space" the most importantsafety instruction you can give family mem#ers" visitors" and untrained wor)ers is to STA@ OUT M

NEFER WOR/ ALONE IN A CON INED SPACE SUCH AS A SILO0 ,RAINTAN/ OR ;ANURE PIT6

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;ANURE PITS TAN/S

;anure ,ases

! liquid manure holding system can contain many gases. These gases are formed as the manure rots. Thegases are trapped in small #u##les and are released when the manure is agitated or pumped.

H#%r$gen Sul*hi%e H S 7H% is often called manure gas. It is #y far the deadliest of the manure pit gases. It is a clear" colorless gas. 6ou can sometimes smell its >rotten egg odor>. -ut" *E E@ rely on theodor or lac) of odor to warn you. In high concentrations of H % " the olfactory nerves in your nose aretemporarily paraly5ed and you are una#le to smell the rotten egg odor.

-reathing low amounts of H % can result in nausea" coughing" headache" di55iness and eye irritation.(hen people or livestoc) #reathe high amounts of H % greater than $&&& parts per million;" #reathingstops at once. Once #reathing stops" death will occur in minutes unless rescue is prompt.

H% gas is heavier than air. It tends to >pool> near the ground. If you enter a #uilding where there aremany dead mice" cats or livestoc) immediately suspect H % gas poisoning and leave.

Car+$n Di$ i%e CO 7,& % is a gas that is produced #y all living things" including manure #acteria. Inmanure pits" the ,& % produced #y the #acteria may displace the o7ygen. ,& % is also heavier than air. It isusually found at the surface of the manure.

A!!$nia NH 4 7 *H < is colorless and lighter than air. It is easy to detect #ecause of its sharp odor. Highamounts of *H < can cause harsh coughing" severe irritation of the throat" eyes" and lungs. If the amountsare high enough" suffocation may result.

;ethane CH = 2 ethane is colorless" lighter than air and odorless. It is e7tremely flamma#le and e7plodes easily. ! spar) or lighted match dropped into a manure tan) or pit can have deadly results.

ethane is more li)ely to #e found during warm weather greater than


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36/59


SILOS

Sil$ ,as

*itrogen dio7ide *O %; is commonly called silo gas. It is DEADL@ . This gas is produced during thefirst three wee)s of the ensiling processF therefore" ris) of e7posure to silo gas is greatest during thefirst three wee)s after the silo has #een filled.

ilo gas appears as a yellowish2#rown ha5e and has a #leach2li)e odor. -ut" often NO ODOR is present. *&% is heavier than air. It can sometimes #e seen around crac)s and openings such as the feed room doorson the silo. *O % may also give the silage an unusual #right yellow or orange color.

Prompt medical attention for anyone e7posed is vital. *O % can )ill in seconds. (hen *O % enters the lungsit com#ines with moisture and turns into nitric acid. *itric acid destroys the #lood vessels in the lungs andcauses massive internal #leeding. Death follows quic)ly.

!dvise edical +irst @esponders of the circumstances and the ha5ards and prepare to assist them to ma)ea rescue.

Acci%ent Pre(enti$ns in Sil$s

1x Post a > ilo Gas> warning sign in a conspicuous location near the silo. Declare silo areas as >off limits> to children and visitors during the


37/59


38/59

HARFESTIN, EGUIP;ENT SECTION 11

Harvesting often consists of the most ha5ardousfarm /o#s. These /o#s usually involveine7perienced" part2time la#or" long hours ande7treme weather conditions. ,om#ined" thesefactors mean an increased ris) of accidents duringharvesting operations.

,eneral Princi*les "$r Sa"e Har(esting.

1x Develop a 0safety first1 attitude. +ollowsafe wor) practices all the time and set agood e7ample for others.

2x -e physically and mentally fit #eforeoperating equipment. +atigue" stress andworry can distract from safely operating

equipment. Ta)e frequent #rea)s.3x Pay attention to all safety information.@ead operator4s manual and warningdecals.

4x Inspect the equipment and correct anyha5ards #efore operating.

5x Identify ha5ardous areas on equipment and

ma)e sure you stay away from moving parts. -eware of pinch points" cut points"wrap points" crush points" and throwno#/ects.

6x a)e sure operators are properly trainedand physically capa#le of the harvestingtas).

7x hut down equipment" turn off the engine"remove )ey and wait for moving parts tostop #efore dismounting equipment.

8x ,hoc) wheels on loaded free wheelingequipment.

Trans*$rting E9ui*!ent Ha ar%s.

1x Install slow moving vehicle signs and lightsor reflectors.

2x se four way flashers when haulingequipment on pu#lic roads.

3x *ever permit e7tra riders on equipment.4x Ensure vehicles are not loaded #eyond their

capacity and the loads are adequatelysecured.

5x @emem#er heavy loads may affect stoppingand starting distances.

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ELECTRICAL SA ET@ SECTION 1

O(erhea% P$'er Lines

If it is necessary to operate equipment in any location where overhead lines are present" considerthe following points:

1x -e aware of overhead power lines. It is imperative that minimum approach distances to overhead power lines #e maintained.

2x Inspect farm equipment for operating height and #e sure to include e7tensions or any o#/ectsthat may add to the overall height.

3x Ensure that equipment such as grain augers are put in the lowered position prior to moving under power lines.

4x Call an electrical utilit# re*resentati(e if you intend to operate any mo#ile equipment or machinery that e7ceeds or with e7tensions could e7ceed; =.$C $


40/59

ELECTRICAL SA ET@ SECTION 1

What %$ #$u %$ i" #$u c$!e in c$ntact'ith $ut%$$r *$'er lines&

If equipment does come in contact with electrical

lines remain calm and assess the situation. It isalways #est to stay in or on the equipment. If theequipment is still functional try and move awayfrom the power line to a safe distance of at least C&feet. Have someone call the local electric utility andwarn others to remain clear as the ground may #eenergi5ed. If you try to step off the equipmentwhile it is energi5ed you will provide a path toground and will #e electrocuted. tay in?on theequipment until a representative from the electricutility tells you it is safe. !ny equipment involvedin an accidental electrical contact must #ethoroughly inspected prior to going #ac) into

service. There may #e damage to tires" hoses"hydraulics or other components of the equipment.

I!*r$(e ar! Electrical Sa"et# 'ith the$ll$'ing Strategies.

1x se electrical devices designed for outdoor use.

2x se a G+I ground fault interrupter; outletfor porta#le electrical equipment outside.

3x Ensure that e7tension cords and devices aregrounded and in good condition.

4x 8ocate switches and outlets away fromflamma#le materials.

5x 8oo) for shorting or spar)ing of fittings or equipment.

6x !void the use of electrical equipment in wetconditions.

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42/59

IRE PREFENTION SECTION 1=

+ires and e7plosions are fairly common accidents on farms. Due to the remote location" farm fires often #ecome very involved" resulting in devastating damage to #uildings" property and equipment. The humancosts of fire can #e death or serious in/ury.

The #est ris) management strategy to deal with fire is *re(enti$n . Teamwor)" planning and

communication are vital to the safety of people fighting fires. The J$$ system now covers all parts of rural Prince Edward Island.

P$st #$ur ci(ic a%%ress +# each tele*h$ne6

,arefully e7amine the farm wor)places for these common fire ha5ards:

1x faulty electrical wiring2x malfunctioning electrical equipment3x improper use or storage of flamma#le materials4x spontaneous com#ustion in stored forage5x farm machinery spar)s from e7haust and welding" defects in ignition system" overheated engines;6x smo)ing around flamma#le materials hay" #edding" fuel;7x open fires8x hot parts of equipment which may have contact with com#usti#le material

ire Pre(enti$n is /e#

,losely inspect wor) areas for potential fire ha5ards. +ocus on what could cause a fire. The followingare general guidelines for fire prevention:

1x Prohi#it smo)ing in or around the #arn. ! discarded cigarette can ignite dry #edding or hay inseconds.

2x Keep machinery properly lu#ricated and ad/usted to minimi5e friction.3x !void overloading electrical circuits.4x onitor electrical systems regularly and immediately correct any pro#lems. @odents can chew on

electrical wiring and cause damage that can quic)ly #ecome a fire ha5ard.5x If an electrical product fails to wor)" ma)es unusual noises" has a #urnt smell or spar)s" unplug it

immediately.6x pecial care should #e ta)en around flamma#le liquids. +lamma#le liquids should #e stored in

la#eled containers

Be Pre*are% "$r a ire1x ount fire e7tinguishers in all #uildings" especially at main entrances. a)e sure they are

current and that your family and wor)ers )now how to use them.2x Keep aisles" stall doors" and #arn doors free of de#ris and equipment.3x Have a planned evacuation route for every area of your farm" and familiari5e all family

mem#ers and wor)ers with your evacuation plans.4x -e sure your address and the entrance to your farm are clearly visi#le from the main road.

Train all '$r-ers $n h$' t$ *r$*erl# use "ire e tinguishers6Page


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SA;PLE HEALTH 8 SA ET@ POLIC@APPENDI A

DRAFT OCCUPATIONALHEALTH AND SAFETYPOLICY

This policy will apply to at all locations.(Name of Firm)

P OL IC Y

will makee ery e!!ort to pro ide a healthy and sa!e worken ironment. All s"per isors and workers m"st #ededicated to red"cin$ the risk o! in%"ry and illness. Asthe employer,

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&is "ltimately responsi#le !or

the health and sa!ety o! all workers.

'"per isors will #e held acco"nta#le !or the health andsa!ety o! workers "nder their s"per ision. '"per isorsare also responsi#le to ens"re that machinery ande("ipment are sa!e, and that workers !ollowesta#lished sa!e work practices and proced"res.

)orkers m"st protect their own health and sa!ety andthat o! others #y !ollowin$ the law, and the !arm*s sa!ework practices and proced"res. It is in e eryone*s #estinterest to consider the health and sa!ety in ol ed ine ery acti ity. Commitment to health and sa!ety m"st#e demonstrated at e ery le el o! this company.

igned Date


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AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI B

HOW TO USE THE AR; SA ET@CHEC/LIST WOR/SHEETS

The chec) list wor)sheets have #eendesigned to ena#le farm operators andmanagers to monitor )ey safety issues on aregular #asis and to inform wor)ers of

possi#le ha5ards.

The wor)sheets have #een designed to coverareas common to most farms in Prince Edward

IslandF however" #lan) charts have #eenincluded to allow for areas that are notspecifically listed and?or areas that may #e ofspecific concern to you and your wor)ers.,arefully reading the Prince Edward Island+arm afety ,ode of Practice will assist you inidentifying the areas with which you should #emost concerned.

irst Ai%0 Pers$nal an% Pr$tecti(e E9ui*!entsee Secti$ns 40 = an% 1= in !anual


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Date ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularitiesO/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-en

Ins*ecte% +#.

IRST AID AND E;ER,ENC@ RESPONSE

Is the farm civic address and emergency phonenum#ers posted in prominent places e.g. #ytelephones and in main wor) areas;

Is your civic address and farm entrance clearly visi#lefrom the road!re first aid )its within easy access to wor)ers and aresufficiently stoc)ed

Does the proper num#er of wor)ers hold valid first aidcertificates from a recogni5ed training agency

PERSONAL PROTECTIFE EGUIP;ENT PPE

Is properly maintained personal protective equipmentavaila#le for all ha5ards present on the farm

Have all wor)ers #een instructed to use appropriate personal protective equipment at all times

Is personal protective equipment including gloves"goggles" respirators and aprons; always used #y farmwor)er when applying or handling farm chemicals

Is hearing protection used when operating noisymachinery and power tools

Do farm machinery operators wear clothing which istight2fitting and not torn or ragged when wor)ing near machinery


;achiner# see Secti$n :Date ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularitiesO/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-en

Ins*ecte% +#.

!re shields and guards in place and in proper wor)ingorder on all powered equipment

Do all PTO4s have suita#le shields and guards in place

!re )ey warning decals on all machinery reada#le

!re shields and guards in place on all #elts" pulleysand chain drives on feed grinding and handling

equipment!re all rotating augers" #elts" pulleys and chains onloading and unloading machinery shielded

!re all loading troughs on augers" elevators andconveyors covered with a guard or grating

Is equipment used on the highway properly equippedwith slow2moving vehicle signs

Have children #een cautioned to stay away from areas


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where moving machinery is present and operating

Do farm wor)ers always chec) to ensure children andanimals are not close #y #efore starting up farmmachinery and equipment

Implements are lowered when equipment is par)ed

!re manufacturer4s recommendations for adding front2end weights always followed when using rear mountedimplements on tractors

Do equipment operators )now how to sta#ili5e a pieceof farm equipment using /ac)s and #loc)s #eforerepairing or servicing the equipment

Is hydraulic equipment #loc)ed #efore maintenanceand repairs are started

Other:


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AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI BT$$l Sa"et# see Secti$n : in !anual


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Ins*ecte% +#.

Is access to and from wor) spaces free of o#structions

!re all hand and power tools in proper wor)ing order and equipped with proper shields and guards

!re all stationary power tools grounded and all porta#le power tools either dou#le insulated or of thethree2wire grounded type

!re porta#le power tools always disconnected whennot in use

!re all stationary tools such as grinders and saws properly shielded and the shields always in place whenin use

!re hand tools especially cutting tools li)e saws" a7esand )nives; properly stored so they cannot fall or #e

#rushed against accidentally

!re all hand2tools such as a7es" pic)s andsledgehammers; in good condition such that" for e7ample" they have tight2fitting and splinter freehandles

Is your welding area well2ventilated

!re wor) areas well lit

Other:


Tract$rs see Secti$n >

Date ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularitiesO/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-enIns*ecte% +#.

!re farm equipment instructional manuals readilyavaila#le to operators

!re @OP roll2over protective structures; and seat #elt systems properly installed on all tractors and inwor)ing condition

!re all tractors and self2propelled machines equippedwith a dry chemical fire e7tinguisher

!re farm tractors and other self propelled vehicles

always )ept in good wor)ing order e.g. periodic #ra)ead/ustments" properly inflated tires" hydraulic hoses)ept in good condition etc.;

!re #ra)ing and lighting systems on all poweredmo#ile equipment in proper wor)ing order

Is the power turned off #efore machinery is ad/usted"repaired or unclogged

!re draw#ar loads always hitched to a draw#ar rather


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than to the tractor4s a7le" frame or raised three2pointhitch

!re doors and windows in #uildings always openwhen vehicles or equipment with internal com#ustionengines are started or run indoors


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AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI BAll Terrain Fehicles see Secti$n ?


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Ins*ecte% +#.

!re all safety guards in place and in good condition

Is the !T is good mechanical repair

Is the operator trained in operating the !T

Does the operator have and wear the proper safety

gear E7. Helmet" gloves" #oots" long shirt and pantsIs the operator familiar with the terrain and associatedha5ards

Other:

ar! Che!icals see Secti$n 2 in !anualDate ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularities

O/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-enIns*ecte% +#.

!re the aterial afety Data heets D ; or la#elsreadily availa#le to wor)ers

Pesticide applicators certified in accordance with thePesticide ,ontrol !ct

Is there a list of all chemicals availa#le to wor)ers

!re the containers triple rinsed and returned to thedealership

!re containers secured during transport

!re all pesticides stored in a mar)ed and securelocation as required under Prince Edward IslandPesticide ,ontrol !ct

!re signs posted ne7t to all chemical storage areas towarn of the potential ha5ards inside

!re chemicals always stored in their originalcontainers with the la#els clearly intact

Is your chemical mi7ing area either outside or in anopen" well2ventilated area

!re non2compati#le chemicals in storage always physically isolated from one another

Other:


Li(est$c- Han%ling see Secti$n 3 in !anualDate ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularities

O/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-enIns*ecte% +#.


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!re pens" gates" fences" and restraining devices in proper repair

Have wor)ers #een instructed in the proper handling of animals

!re animal drugs stored in a secure area in their original containers

!re ventilation fans and vents in confinement housingin good wor)ing condition

!re single wire gates clearly visi#le

!re all heat lamps for farrowing and #rooding wellsupported and at least % ft away from com#usti#lematerials

!re electrical stoc) water heaters groundedOther:


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AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI BSil$s0 Bins0 an% ;anure St$rage Areas see Secti$n15 in !anual


54/59


Ins*ecte% +#.

!re warning signs posted around silos" grain #ins andmanure storages

!re wor)ers informed on the dangers of silo andmanure gases

!re doors and gates to ha5ardous areas such as siloentrances" manure storage areas" and animal quarters;)ept closed and secured at all times

!re manure pits and lagoons guarded #y grates" coversor fencing that are sturdy and of adequate si5e to

prevent access

Openings of confined spaces covered or loc)ed to prevent accidental or unauthori5ed entry

!re guards around moving parts of silos" #ins" andmanure storage areas in proper repair

!re signs warning that grain or silage storagemachinery may #egin automatically posted at alllocations

,an the power to each grain or silo structure #e loc)edout so the unloading mechanism cannot #e startedwhen someone is wor)ing inside the #in

!re written procedures for entering confined spaces properly posted and availa#le to all wor)ers

!re all ladders on silos and #ins in proper repair

Other:

AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI BElectrical Sa"et# see Secti$n 1


Ins*ecte% +#.

!re main switches de2energi5ed?loc)ed out #eforewor) is started on power circuits

!re the applica#le rules under the ,anadian Electrical,ode followed

!re overhead wires in the farm yard and near to field

entrances high enough to adequately clear machinery!re wor)ers aware of the procedure in case of accidental contact with power lines

!re all wiring" power cords" plugs and switches infarm #uildings and around the farm )ept in goodcondition

Does the electrical system have ample capacity tohandle all loads


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!re all electrical circuits equipped with the proper si5efuses or circuit #rea)ers

Do all main power switches controlling electrically2operated farm equipment have a loc) out device to

prevent accidental starting of equipment whileservicing

!re all light #ul#s in livestoc) or storage #uildingsshielded or protected from #rea)age

!re electrical outlets in #uildings with high moisturecontent or where water is sprayed periodicallymoisture proof

!re ground fault circuit interrupters installed and usedto prevent electrical shoc) in all damp wor) areas

such as mil)ing parlors" mil) houses and animalconfinements;

Others:


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AR; SA ET@ CHEC/LIST APPENDI Ball Pre(enti$n see Secti$n 14


57/59


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Chil% Sa"et# $n ar!sDate ins*ecte%. I" N$0 %$cu!ent an# %e"iciencies irregularities

O/ NO an% n$te an# re!e%ial acti$ns an% %ate ta-en

Ins*ecte% +#.

Is there a safe play area for children

!re the operators of equipment trained to chec) for children #efore starting and moving equipment

!re ladders" machinery components etc. out of reachof children

!re children taught how to handle animals

Is the pesticide storage loc)ed

!ssess if the child is physically and mentally capa#leof assigned tas)s

Other:



Ins*ecte% +#.


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