Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Prof. dr Branko Glavonjić University of Belgrade-Faculty of Forestry
Proving legality of wood and wood
products – current development in
Serbia
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
I. Brief overview of illegal logging and trade globally II. Overview of the situation regarding unregistered consumption of
firewood on the Balkans III. Aim of the new EUTR and list of products covered by it IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of
implementation of EUTR V. Position of operators from non-EU countries in the context of the
new EUTR VI. The main reasons for proving legality of wood and wood products
in Serbia
CONTENTS
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
I. Brief overview of illegal logging and trade globally
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
I. Brief overview of illegal logging and trade globally
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
EU: Import of illegal harvested wood
26,5 – 31 million m³ of illegal harvested roundwood equivalent/annually are placed on EU timber market
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Illegal logging and trade in the World
• 15% - 30% of the total timber trade in the world originated from illegal logging
• 30 – 100 Billion US$ is the value of global trade of illegal timber
• 50% - 90% of the value of
the global trade of illegal timber is under organized crime
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
II. Overview of the situation regarding unregistered consumption of firewood on the Balkans
Total consumption of
woody biomass on the
Western Balkans was
32.3 million m3 in
2013, out of which
23.2 million m3 or
71.8% was used for
energy purposes and
9.1 million m3 was
used for industrial
purposes.
Participation of certain consumer categories in woody biomass consumption for energy purposes on the Western Balkans
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Unregistered
consumption of
woody biomass
was 13.4 million
m3 or 41.5% on
the level of
Western Balkans
in 2013.
Participation of unregistered consumption in total consumption of woody biomass for energy purposes on the
Western Balkans in 2013 (Figure: Glavonjić B. 2015).
II. Overview of the situation regarding unregistered consumption of firewood on the Balkans
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
II. Overview of the situation regarding unregistered consumption of firewood on the Balkans
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
1998. G8 DIALOG ABOUT ILLEGAL LOGGING
2003. FLEGT ACTION PLAN
2005. FLEGT Regulation
2008. FLEGT REGULATION ABOUT IMPLEMENTATION
2001. FLEG PROCESS
2010. EU TIMBER REGULATION
III. Aim of the new EUTR and list of products covered by it
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
III. Aim of the new EUTR and list of products covered by it
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Three key obligations of operators
who place timber and timber products
on the market are:
1. prohibition of placing of illegally
harvested timber and products
derived from such timber on the EU
market;
2. implementation of due diligence
system
3. keeping of records of their
suppliers and customers.
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
The EUTR covers a large range of timber products including solid wood products, flooring, plywood, pulp and paper. Not included are recycled products, as well as printed papers such as books, magazines and newspapers.
4401 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or in similar forms; wood in chips or particles; sawdust and wood waste and scrap, whether or not agglomerated in logs, briquettes, pellets or similar forms
4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared
4406 Railway or tramway sleepers (cross-ties) of wood
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6 mm
4408 Sheets for veneering (including those obtained by slicing laminated wood), for plywood or for other similar laminated wood and other wood, sawn lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded, spliced or end- jointed, of a thickness not exceeding 6 mm
4409 Wood (including strips and friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled) continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, rebated, chamfered, V-jointed, beaded, moulded, rounded or the like) along any of its edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
4410 Particle board, oriented strand board (OSB) and similar board (for example, waferboard) of wood or other ligneous materials, whether or not agglomerated with resins or other organic binding substances
4411 Fibreboard of wood or other ligneous materials, whether or not bonded with resins or other organic substances
4412 Plywood, veneered panels and similar laminated wood
4413 00 00 Densified wood, in blocks, plates, strips or profile shapes
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
4414 00 Wooden frames for paintings, photographs, mirrors or similar objects
4415 Packing cases, boxes, crates, drums and similar packings, of wood; cable-drums of wood; pallets, box pallets and other load boards, of wood; pallet collars of wood
4416 00 00 Casks, barrels, vats, tubs and other coopers’ products and parts thereof, of wood, including staves
4418 Builders’ joinery and carpentry of wood, including cellular wood panels, assembled flooring panels, shingles and shakes
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Pulp and paper of Chapters 47 and 48 of the Combined Nomenclature, with the exception of bamboo-based and recovered (waste and scrap) products
9403 30, 9403 40, 9403 50 00, 9403 60 and 9403 90 30 Wooden furniture (no seats)
9406 00 20 Prefabricated buildings
III. List of products covered by EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
MONITORING ORGANISATIONS
OPERATERS TRADERS
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
List of recognized monitoring organizations
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
1. Competent authorities
Each Member State shall designate one or more competent authorities responsible for the application of this Regulation. Main obligations: 1. Defining of the rules and instructions 2. Defining of the penalties 3. Controlling
Member states are currently defining the criteria for legality as well as what will be expected from local forestry operators in terms of evidence of compliance and due diligence to be provided in case of controls.
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
A Monitoring organization should: (a) maintain and regularly evaluate a due diligence
system and grant operators the right to use it; (b) verify the proper use of its due diligence system by such operators; (c) take appropriate action in the event of failure by an operator to properly use its due diligence system, including notification of competent authorities in the event of significant or repeated failure by the operator.
2. Monitoring organization An independent organization that develops a Due Diligence System and makes it available to operators for their compliance with EUTR.
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
3. Obligations of operators
Operators and Traders shall ensure that no timber of illegal origin or illegally derived timber products enter the European market.
Operators shall exercise due diligence system when placing timber or timber products on the market. Each operator shall maintain and regularly evaluate the due diligence system which it uses, except where the operator makes use of a due diligence system established by a monitoring organization ’’.
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
The due diligence system contains the following elements:
a) Measures and procedures providing access to information on products to be placed on the market
b) Risk assessments on products to identify illegal origin of products
c) Mitigation measures if the risk of importing illegal products is known as not negligible
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
1. description, including the trade name and type of product
as well as the common name of tree species and, where
applicable, its full scientific name,
2. country of harvest, and where applicable:
(i) sub-national region where the timber was harvested; and
(ii) concession of harvest,
a) Measures and procedures providing access to information on products to
be placed on the market contains:
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
3. quantity (expressed in volume, weight or number of units),
4. name and address of the supplier to the operator,
5. name and address of the trader to whom the timber and
timber products have been supplied,
6. documents or other information indicating compliance of those
timber and timber products with the applicable legislation;
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
1. assurance of compliance with applicable legislation, which may
include certification or other third-party- verified schemes which
cover compliance with applicable legislation,
2. prevalence of illegal harvesting of specific tree species,
3. prevalence of illegal harvesting or practices in the country of
harvest and/or sub-national region where the timber was
harvested, including consideration of the prevalence of armed
conflict,
b) Risk assessments on products to identify illegal origin of products contain:
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
4. sanctions imposed by the UN Security
Council or the Council of the European Union on
timber imports or exports,
5. complexity of the supply chain of timber and
timber products.
b) Risk assessments on products to identify illegal origin of products contain:
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
1. Where a non negligible level of risk is identified or when the risk level can not be determined, the operator must undertake mitigation measures to eliminate any potentially illegal timber. 2. Risk mitigation measures must be adequate and proportionate to effectively minimize any potential risk and may require additional information, documents and/or third-party verification. 3. Certification or other Third-party Verification Schemes may be taken into account in risk assessment and risk mitigation procedures in accordance with the criteria described by the EU Regulation 607/2012/EC.
c) Mitigation measures if the risk of importing illegal products is known as not negligible are:
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
4. Obligations of Traders
Traders buying or selling timber or timber products in the EU,
must be able to identify following actors in the supply/value
chain:
1. The operators or the traders who have supplied the timber and
timber products,
2. Client to whom the timber or timber products were sold (if the
identification is applicable)
Traders have to keep the information at least five years and
provide that information to competent authorities if they so
request.
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
5. Penalties
The penalties must be effective, proportionate to caused demage and dissuasive, comprising: (a) environmental damage, (b) the value of the timber or timber products concerned, (c) the tax losses, (d) economic detriment resulting from the infringement. (e) seizure of the timber and timber products concerned; (f) immediate suspension of authorization to trade.
IV. The main actors and their obligations in the process of implementation of EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
V. Position of operators from non-EU countries in the context of the new EUTR
• Serbia doesn’t have VPA with EU – Due diligence system is still not required
• FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS with EU importers must contain:
– General data about supplier and buyer (company name, address,...)
– Type of goods (description, including the trade name and type of product as well as the common name of tree species and, where applicable, its full scientific name)
– Quantity (m3, weight, number of units)
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
• DELIVERY NOTE from state forests – General data about goods-description, quantity – sub-national region where the timber was harvested
(Serbiaforest, FU Nova Varoš)
• DELIVERY NOTE from private forest owners – General data about goods-description, quantity – Private property where the timber was harvested
• CERTIFICATION – Desirable but not sufficient condition
V. Position of operators from non-EU countries in the context of the new EUTR
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
Example of export of roundwood to the EU
State forest DELIVERY NOTE
Private forest DELIVERY NOTE
Roundwood spruce
Certificate of legality
Country of harvest (Serbia)
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
EXAMPLE OF EXPORT OF FURNITURE to the EU
SPRUCE
BEECH
OAK
COUNTRY OF HARVEST (Serbia)
COUNTRY OF HARVEST
Bosnia and Herzegovina
3 different wood species
State forests „DELIVERY NOTE Private forests “DELIVERY NOTE”
Country of harvest Croatia
State forests „DELIVERY NOTE Private forests “DELIVERY NOTE”
State forests „DELIVERY NOTE Private forests “DELIVERY NOTE”
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
VI. The main reasons for proving legality of wood and wood products in Serbia
• EUTR already indirectly applies to Serbia – suppliers’ requirements have to be provided via EU importers of wood;
• Since authorized bodies in EU countries are just at the beginning with serious supervision of their importers, there was no pressure so far to check wood supply chain;
• Requirements regarding the implementation of EUTR supervision, in particular reducing the risk (of illegal logging) in the context of SDP will soon get more strict, which may lead to market limitations of wood products export from Serbia
• Consistent implementation of the Law on forests (and others), forest certification and CoC are crucial for reducing the risk
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
VI. The main reasons for proving legality of wood and wood products in Serbia
• 1.Additional prohibition to market the wood, as well as to store
and process wood without accompanying documentation (as source of origin)
• 2.Expanded obligation to keep records of wood trade for all entities which place wood on the market
• 3.Expanded authorizations of the forestry inspector for supervision of wood trade (outside forests), without police assistance, as well as for supervision of wood storing and processing
Modifications in the Serbian Law on Forests
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
VI. The main reasons for proving legality of wood and wood products in Serbia
• 4. Introduced penalties for breaching these bans and
obligations (only) on the level of offence
• 5. Introduced possibility to define technical aspects of
harmonization with rulebooks.
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
• All entities which will place wood on internal market (Serbian/EU) become OPERATORS in terms of EUTR and they will have to establish capacities to implement EUTR requirements by themselves, in particular maintenance and implementation of DD, i.e. to outsource monitoring organizations for that;
• Legal persons/operators and traders will be directly supervised by (market and forestry) inspection units concerning the placement of wood on internal market.
• Business entities/operators will be supported by the Forest
Directorate as COMPETENT AUTHORITY for Serbia. • WOOD PROCESSING IN SERBIA WITHOUT THIS WILL NOT BE
POSSIBLE ANY MORE!
VI. The main reasons for proving legality of wood and wood products in Serbia
Balkan workshop on Forest Products Markets and Forest Sector Workforce, Podgorica, 8-10 December 2015
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Prof.dr Branko Glavonjic
University Professor
Faculty of Forestry Belgrade State University
Department of technology, management and
design of furniture and wood products
Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade
Republic of Serbia
tel.+381 11 30 53 863
fax.+381 11 30 59 537
email: [email protected]
www.sfb.rs