Download doc - Project Report on Shutter Guard

Mini Project 2010 Shutter Guard

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 1

1.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 1

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM 2

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION 3

3.1 TIME DELAY UNIT 3

3.2TRIGGERING UNIT 4

3.3 ALARM GENERATING UNIT 5

3.4 LIGHNING CIRCUIT 6

3.5 TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER 6

3.6 PIEZO ELECTRIC SENZOR 6

4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 7

4.1 ALARM GENERATING CIRCUIT 8

5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION 9

5.1 TIME DELAY CIRCUIT 9

5.2 TRIGGERING CIRCUIT 9

5.3 ALARM CIRCUIT 10

6. PCB LAYOUT 11

6.1 COMPONENT LAYOUT 11

6.2 SOLDER LAYOUT 12

7. PCB FABRICATION 13

8. COMPONENTS DETAILS 15

9. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 16

10. APPLICATIONS 16

11. CONCLUSION 17

12. LISTOF TABLES 18

13. BIBILOGRAPHY 19

Dept. of EC MZC Kadamanitta

Mini Project 2010 Shutter Guard14. DATASHEET 20

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

Ours is a world of technology. With the development of this society many social evils

are also increasing day by day. The anti social activities like theft, robbery and burglary are

increasing day by day. Now a days one of the most anti-social activity causing headache to

civilized society is theft. So it should be eradicated at any cost. The project our introducing here

is how to prevent this theft in shops and other establishment.

There are mainly 3 sections in our project. They are, time delay circuit, triggering circuit

and alarm circuit. For this 3 ICS are mainly used. They are IC 4060 (IC1) for time delay circuit,

IC 555 (IC2) for triggering circuit and IC UM 3561 (IC3) for alarm circuit. In addition to this a

piezo electric element is used. It is a sensing element which can produce mechanical vibration

even a light movement. These vibrations of the piezo electric element give sufficient trigger to

the triggering circuit. The transistor used in this project are BC 547 (T1) used to amplify the

piezo sensor signal and trigger the monostable IC (555). The second one is the triac BT 136

which complete the lamp circuit.

1.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Shutter Guards are the latest addition to the burglar proofing market, or should we say the

shutter market. Although not originally designed to act as burgular deterrents test that have been

performed have shown these shutters to be extremely difficult to break through, with pannels

being locked in to place with latches, and louvers being secured in the closed position.

In Europe, America and locally, these are particularly popular for lock up and go type

residential applications. Over and above these benefits, the shutter guard look the same as any

other type, they are also resistant to corrosive effects of outdoor applications and offer all the

other qualities associated with shutters in general. These are now the fastest growing product in


Mini Project 2010 Shutter Guardthe industry. This provides a sense of security and privacy to the openings and door ways in any

room.

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2. BLOCK DIAGRAM

TONE GENERATOR

TIME DELAY TRIGGERING ALARM UNIT UNIT CIRCUIT

LIGHTENING CIRCUIT

PIEZO ELECTRIC TRANSISTORSENSOR AMPLIFIER

MECHANICAL VIBRATION PIEZO ELECTRIC

SIGNAL



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3. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

There are total 7 blocks in our project. They are

1. Time delay unit.

2. Triggering unit.

3. Alarm generating circuit.

4. Piezo electric sensor

5. Lightning circuit

6. Tone generating unit

7. Transistor amplifier unit

3.1 TIME DELAY UNIT

As the name, time delay unit, is used to provide a particular time delay for the circuit

operation. The front end of the circuit has a timer built around the popular binary counter IC CD

4060 (IC1). This IC (CD 4060) is used to provide a time delay of 15 minute for the remaining

circuitry to turn on.

The CD 4060 is the time delay generating IC. The CD stands for CMOS devices. It is a

16 pin CMOS IC. It consists of an oscillator section. The oscillator section allows the design of

either RC or crystal oscillator circuit. All the stages of the ICS are master slave flip flop.

3.11 FEATURES OF IC CD4060

High voltage type (20V rating)

Common reset

12 MHZ clock rate

Fully static operation

Supply voltage range (-.5V to +20V)

Used as frequency dividers.



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3.2 TRIGGERING UNIT

The triggering circuit used in our project is the mono stable multi vibrator i.e. (IC2 555).

A mono stable circuit produces a single output pulse when triggered. It is called a mono stable

because it is stable in just one state.

The duration of the pulse is called time period and the time period is determined by the

resistor R1 and C1.

ie. Time Period T = 1.1 R1C1

T - Time period in seconds (S)

R1 - Resistance in Ohm ( )

C1 - Capacitance in Farad (F)

3.21 FEATURES OF 555 IC

Turn-OFF time less than 2 s

Max. Operating frequency greater than 500 KHZ.

Operates in both a stable and mono stable.

TTL compatible

High output current

Adjustable duty cycle.

Timing from micro seconds to hours.



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3.3 ALARM GENERATING UNIT

The third section is used to generate a siren when the shutter is try to break. For this

purpose an 8 pin IC UM 3561 is used. With the help of this IC we can generate different type of

siren as our needs. Let us look about the 3rd IC UM 3561.

3.31 UM 3561

UM 3561 is an excellent ROM IC than can generate multi siren tones simulating police

siren, ambulance siren, Fire brigade sire and machine gun sound. This 8 pin low power IC can

work down to 2.4 volts. The UM 3561 is a low cost siren generator designed for use in toy

applications. The IC has an inbuilt oscillator and tone selection pins. It is easy to make a siren

generator with only a few external components.

Inside the UM 3561

Inside the IC, there is an oscillator circuit and the frequency of oscillation is controlled by

the external resistor connected to OSC 1 (pin 7) and OSC 2 (pin 8). A 220k resistor will give

satisfactory results. The oscillation thus generated will be then transferred to a control unit.

Which function based on the tone selection through the connections of SEL 1 (pin 6) and SEL 2

(pin 1). The control unit passes the signal to an address counter and then to the ROM. The tone

pulse thus generated will be available from the output pin 3. Since the sound is weak, an

amplifier is necessary to get loud sound. A single NPN transistor will amplify the sound.

7 . Oscillator Control Unit Address8 Counter

ROM

Tone generator 3 (O/p)



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3.32 FEATURES OF UM 3561

Four sound can be selected

Typical 3V operating voltage

RC oscillator with an external resistor

Low cost, low power CMOS IC.

A magnetic speaker can be driven by connecting an NPN transistor.

3.4 LIGHTNING CIRCUIT

The lightning circuit includes a lamp (60W). When somebody tries to break the shutter

immediately this lamp is switched on. The trial BT 136 completes the lamp circuit by activating

its gate terminal as in the circuit diagram.

3.5 TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER

In the circuit the transistor is mainly used as an amplifier. Here the transistor T1 ie BC

547 is used to amplify the piezo sensor signal. When the piezo electric element is vibrated and

triggers the monostable IC2. The base of this transistor is biased using a standard piezo element

that act as a small capacitor flexes freely in response to mechanical vibrations. So that the O/p is

(IC2) high till the pre-fixed time period (3 minutes).

3.6 PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSOR

The piezo electric sensors are high performance buzzers that employ unimorph piezo

electric element and designed for easy interpretation in various circuits. They have low power

consumption in comparison to electro magnetic units because these buzzers are designed for

external excitation.



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4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM



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4.1 ALARM GENERATING CIRCUIT


http://electroschematics.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/UM-3561-DESIGN.png


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5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

There are mainly 3 sections in our project. They are time delay generating circuit,

triggering circuit and alarm generating circuit. Among this the time delay circuit is considered as

main circuit which controls the operation of its sub systems includes triggering circuit, alarm

generating circuit and lightning circuits. Here we use three ICS for the proper operation of these

3 sections.

5.1 TIME DELAY CIRCUIT

The front end of the circuit has a timer built around the popular binary counter IC CD

4060 (IC1). This IC CD 4060 is used to provide a time delay of 15 minute for the remaining

circuitry to turn on. In the circuit diagram, the resistor R4 and R3 and the capacitor C2 will make

the output high alter 15 minute. There is a diode D1 which inhibit the clock input (pin 11) to

keep the output high till the power is switched off. An LED is connected in the 7 th pin. The

blinking of the LED indicate the Oscillation of IC1.

5.2 TRIGGERING CIRCUIT

Triggering circuit used in this project is the monostable multi vibrator. ie (IC 2 555/556).

A monostable multi vibrator produces a single output pulse when triggered. It is called a

monostable because it is stable in just one state. The duration of the pulse is called time period

and it is determined by the resistor R1 and C1 that i.e. time period T = 1.1 R1 x C1.

The high output from IC1 is used to enable reset pin 4 of IC2 (IC 555) so that it can

function freely. The transistor T1 amplifies the sensor signal and triggers the monostable IC2.

The base of the transistor T1 is biased using a standard piezo element that act as a small capacitor

and flexes freely in response to mechanical vibrations so that the output of IC2 is high till the pre-

fixed time period.



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5.3 ALARM CIRCUIT

In the alarm circuit, the IC3 (UM 3561) remains dormant as it does not get current.

Timing component R8 and C6make the output of IC2 high for a period of three minutes. When

any mechanical vibration (caused even a slight movement) disturbs the piezo element, trigger pin

2 of IC2 momentarily changes its state and the output of IC2 goes high. This triggers triac 1 and

the alarm circuit activates Triac BT 136 completes the lamp circuit by activating its gate through

resistor R9. IC UM 3561 (IC3) generates a tone simulating the police siren will R 11 as its

oscillation controlling resistor. Zenor diode ZD1 provides stable 3.1V DC for the tone generating

IC. UM 3561 siren Generator Circuit diagram is shown in the fig. By changing the pin

connections of SEL 1 and SEL.2 (pin 6&1). Then it is easy to change the siren tone. By

changing these pin connection we can generate different types of tones as our need.



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6. PCB LAYOUT

6.1 COMPONENT LAYOUT



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6.2 SOLDER LAYOUT



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7. PCB FABRICATION

LAYOUT DESIGN

From the Schema diagram, the layout is prepared on a graph paper according to the rules

and regulations of PCB layout in the 2:1 scale. In double sided PCB’s the track side and the

component art work are prepared on separate sheet using black coloured tapes. In computerized

PCB designing, suitable software is used to the design the PCB’s.

PHOTOGRAPHIC REDUCTION

The art work is photographically reduced to 1:1 scale in process camera. In the

orthochromat lithe film, the art work is photographed and the negative film is taken for the PCB

fabrication in photographic method.

BANKING OF LAMINATE

Require size of copper clad sheet is cut from the copper clad laminate. While cutting of

laminate 10mm clearance is provided.

DARK ROOM PROCESS

PHOTO RESIST COATING

Photo resist is a liquid formulation, usually bromide compounds, which is very sensitive

to UV light, it causes polimarization and changes its solubility in solvents. The cleaned copper

clad sheath is dipped in an oven for 10 minutes.

EXPOSING

The photo resist coated board is exposed to an UV light source through negative film

obtained by photographic reduction. The time taken for exposing is 2.45 minutes. During

exposing film and copper sheaths are intimate contacts. For getting good quality PCB afte4r

exposing, we should follow the cleaning procedure strictly. After exposing you can develop the

PCB.Dept. of EC MZC Kadamanitta


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DEVELOPING

During exposure, the photo resist coated board has undergone selective polymerization.

Thus the circuitry positions were conductors, the resist unaffected. This an affected resist is

soluble in developer and polymerized resist is insoluble. After this the board is dipped in photo

resist dye and extra coating. Then the board is washed in running water.

ETCHING

For removing copper from the non-polymerized part of the bourdon is fed to the etching

machine. The chemical used for etching is ferric chloride and water having specific gravity 1.2

after 30r 4 minute this is rinsed in running water. Over etching will case under cutting. Then the

paths are short circuited, we can remove that one. That means if any two conductor paths are

circuited, we can remove that over.

CLEANING

The contaminates like oil Oxides are removed by washing the copper clad sheath with

5% HCl and scrubbed with pumice powder.

DRILLING

The holes for mounting the components are drill machine having a maximum speed of

20,000 rpm. At the time of drilling, the diameter of the drilled holes proportional to the

components, which mounted at that hole. That the drill bit is selected according to the

component.

TIN PLATING

The tin plating is given to the PCB for preventing the formation of oxide coating. This

also use a special attraction to the component mounted PCB.

SOLDERING

The components are bent in the correct dimension, inserted in to the hole hand soldered.



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8. COMPONENT DETAILS

COMPONENT VALUE NUMBER OF ITEMS

10 K 2

Resistor 100 K 1

220 K 1

2.2, 1M 1

1OM 1

100Ω 2

470Ω 2

Capacitor .1μF 1

.O1 μF 2

.2 μF 1

2.2 μF 1

470 μF 1

Diode IN4148 1

Zener 3.1 V 1

Transistor BC 547 1

BC 548 1

BT 136 1

LED 1

Loud Speaker 1

Bulb 60W 1

Piezo Element 1

ICs CD 4060 1

NE 555 1

UM 3561 1

Relay 12 V 1



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9. ADVANTAGES & DIS ADVANTAGES

a) Practical implementation is possible

b) It is made for the shops to protect against burglary.

c) With the help of this security system the human effort can be reduced.

DIS ADVANTAGES

a) Piezoelectric element also sense external sources like strong wind, forces etc

b) May be possible to circuit problem while power is failed

10. APPLICATIONS

* Shutter guard is mainly used to protect the shops and other establishment from burglary.

* This provides a sense of security and privacy to the openings and door ways in any room.



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11. CONCLUSION

The shutter Guard was built to our satisfaction. This project we are introducing is how to

prevent theft in shops and other establishment. In this project digital technology is used.

Another application of this instrument is as an “ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM”, that means to protect

vehicle from kidnapping. In short Iam sure that this device is highly useful to mankind especially

present scenario.



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12. LIST OF TABLES

1. BLOCK DIAGRAM

2. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3. ALARM GENERATING CIRCUIT

4. PCB LAYOUT

4.1 COMPONENT LAY OUT

4.2 SOLDER LAYOUT



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13. BIBILOGRAPHY

1. Electronics For You, June 2007 edition.

2. http:// www.alldatasheet.com

3. Electronic Devius and Circuits, B.L Theraja.

4. Digital principles and applications, by Malvino and Leach.


http://www.alldatasheet.com/


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14. DATA SHEET


Mini Project 2010 Shutter Guard20


















