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WOMEN IN
STEREOTYPED MALE
DOMINATED
PROFESSIONS
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INTRODUCTIONTOTHESTUDY
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For decades women in the Indian society have been
occupying an inferior position.
They have been the often discriminated and the more
stereotyped sex with respect to work outside of home.
Things have now changed and gender stereotypes are less
pronounced than ever before.
Women are no longer held back by societal or familialconstraints to tread the unchartered territory.
They are actively in the workforce and are now entering
professions which have for long been the stronghold of men.
Our snapshot study documents this particular phenomena andits facets.
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Objectives of thestudy
To throw light on the change in trends and document the
abating of gender-stereotypes at play in the society.
To ascertain factors that inspired women to enter professions
stereotyped asdominated by men
To gain insight into various socio-economic factors that
prevail in the work environment, and acknowledge the social
support systems for women
To understand the challenges faced by women in these fieldsin order to facilitate the informed entry of young aspirants.
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Research Design
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Rationale of the Study The findings of the research survey give a broad view of the
prevailing trends of career choices of women, with respect to careers
in male-dominated professions. The research gives, not just a study
of the current trends, but also calls attention to the problems these
women face in their professional lives.
The revelations of the study would serve as an inspiration for young
women who have the interest and passion to tread the uncharteredterritory, but as a result of societal expectations and gender
stereotypes, lack the confidence walk to road less travelled.
The study, apart from being a source of inspiration for young and
passionate women, will also broaden the outlook of society and help
them realize the importance of nurturing talent of the youth. Giving young women a chance to expose and develop their talents is
a dominant factor in contributing to social change.
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Methodology A total of 35 samples were taken for the study.
The non-probability methods ofsnowball sampling and
heterogeneity sampling were adopted as the samples required were
from varied professions and the samples were not easily available.
Apart from snowball sampling, various other means were adopted
for collection information from the respondents. Few respondents were approached through already existing
acquaintances, while some others were collected with help from the
press and media. Contacts were also established with several
respondents with help of information provided on the World Wide
Web. For formulating the questionnaire, discussions with different people
from corporate organizations, educational institutions, research
scholars and with other experts were carried out; and the inputs were
incorporated and criticisms duly acknowledged.
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Source ofdata
Secondary data collected from newspaper articles,
magazines and internet articles serve as a fertile ground
for formulating the objectives and scope of the study.
This data also helps in applying concepts and theories
developed in different research contexts to the concerned
area of the study.
Primary data collected from the respondents is necessary
to meet the set objectives. Primary data for the
qualitative phase is obtained by making use of aninterview discussion guide and a questionnaire
administered to the respondents.
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Statistical Findings
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20 years orbelow
3%
21-25 years
26%
26-30 years
17%31-35 years
14%
35-40 years
17%
Above 40
years 23%
Distribution of respondents by age
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Technical
43%
Manegerial
31%
Sports
6%
Arts
20%
Distribution of respondent's area of
expertise
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Top
Management
17%
MiddleManagement
49%
Lower LevelManagement
6%
Technical
28%
Distribution of respondents' designation
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Less than 5
years
34%
5-10 years
20%
More than
10 years
46%
Distribution of respondents work
experience
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Intentional
74%
cci ental
%
Circumstatia
l
20%
Di t i ti f t f
t i t th f i
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Family
17%
Friends
3%
Women
Achievers
9%
Self
54%
Mentor
6%
Others11%
Source of inspiration to pursue t e
c osen career
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Chil hood14%
Middle
School
3%
SecondarySchool
37%
Graduation23%
During
Previous Job
23%
Period during w ic decision to enter t e
field was made
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Technically
Trained
20%
Secondary
Education
3%
Graduate
48%
Post
Graduate
29%
Distribution of respondents educational
status
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Yes
20%
No
80%
I was esitant to enter into t is field as it
is male-dominated
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Yes
60%
No
20%
Sometimes
20%
Formal education's aid to career
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No
63%
Technical
14%
Manegerial
9%
Others
14%
Yes
37%
Work experience in ot er jobs
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Yes
83%
No
17%
I am t e first in your family to c oose
suc a profession
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Supportive
89%
Unfavourabl
e11%
Reacti f Parent
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4-8 hours
14%
8-12 hours
60%
More than 12
hours26%
Work ours
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Supportive
86%
Uncooperative at times
14%
Family's reaction to time spent at work
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Never
51%
LesserWork
Load
9%
Flexible
Timings
29%
Others
11%
Sometimes
49%
Special Consideration Being a Woman in a
Male Dominated Field
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Friendly
83%
As a threat
to their work
post
3%
Unfriendly
3%
Ignorant
11%Others
17%
Attitudes of t eir male colleagues
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Oft
12%
Seldom
34%
Never
54%
Cases ofSexual Harassment ofWomen in
t e field
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Yes
91%
No
9%
Views on t eir c ildren taking to male
dominated professions
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Yes , Certain
71%
Yes,ifaspirants
see help
23%
No,I don't
find it
confortable
6%
Would you take special efforts to
encourage ot er women to follow your
footsteps
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Strongly
Agree
40%
Agree
4 %
Disagree
5%
Strongly
Disagree
8%
Others13%
My c osen profession is a bastion of men
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Strongly
Agree
31%
Agree
60%
Disagree
3%
Strongly
Disagree
6%
Other
9%
I am provided sufficient support at work
by my male counterparts
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Strongly
Agree
77%
Agree
23%
My job performance is on par wit t at of
my male counterparts
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StronglAgree
3%
Agree
11%
Disagree
29%
Strongl
Disagree
57%
Others
86%
I am discriminated from my male
counterparts in terms of
remuneration, appraisal, specialbenefits, perks, etc.
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Strongly
Agree
32%
Agree
57%
Disagree
11%
Strongly
Disagree0%
Others
11%
I am able to easily balance career and
family
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List of Respondents
Geetha Vardhan
Letika Saran
Archana Ramasundaram
JenniferArul
Thamarai
Manoramma
Radhika Sharath Kumar
JanakiVishwanathan
Priya V.
Shyamala
AlishaAbdullah
Megha Kawale
Priya Ravichandran
ISRODirector
DirectorGen.ofPolice, IPS
Addl.Dir.Gen.ofPolice
Managing Editor, NDTV-HINDU
Lyricist, Tamil FilmIndustry
Comedian-Actor
Managing Director, RADAANTV
NationalAward Winning Director
Director, Tamil FilmIndustry
Passenger WelfareOff., Shipping
First WomenRacer
DJ
DivisionalOfficer, FireDepartment
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Sukhanya Ramgopal
Gowri Soundararajan
Babitha
Kavitha Akansha Sharma
Ranjitha
Major Bhavna
Diya Kumbera
Captain Smitha
Renisha Raoof
Nidhi Gupta
Megha Gupta
Shyamala TaraSymond
Anittita Celaya
Indias onlyfemaleGhattam Artist
Photojournalist, NDTV-HINDU
DeckOfficer, Sailor
ThirdEngineer, Sailor
InputEditor, NDTV-HINDU
Indian Army
Cinematographer
Indian Army
BasketballCoach, Railways
Production Engineer
IndustrialRelations
CIO, Marketing
MechanicalEngineer
Manufacturing
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Karamjeet Kaur
SelviValli
Elamuthu
J.K.Priya Leema Rose
Varsha Varadarajan
Sivagami
Thamarai
PilotTrainer
Auto DriverBusConductor
Chef, Taj Coromandel
Chef, Taj Coromandel
Asst.Cameraperson
Jayasurya Travels
MechanicalEngineer
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Recommendations andSuggestions
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On thebasis ofanalysis of pointsculled
fromthe plethora of information collectedduring thecourse of the project from
women pursuing male-dominated
careers, fromresearchersand other
experts, itwas foundthatvariousissues
needto beaddressedto ensurethatwomen
andmen areconsideredequalsin all
professions.Thesesuggestions, uponsuitableamplification couldserveas policy
inputsandaccelerate growth ofwomen in
all fields.
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The prime issue that needs to be looked at is to bring
the truth about women in non-conventional professionsto the common man. The problem lies in the societysperception and attitudes towards women pursuing non-traditional careers. Hence, awareness has to be createdabout the facts and misconceptions have to be erased
from peoples minds
A shift in bend of policies and amendments favouringwomen would encourage more women to pursue male-dominated professions. On learning that women are
both capable and confident of carrying out thejobs, organizations and other policy makers shouldprovide incentives to encourage more young women totake to such professions
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The next important issue of concern is provision of equal
growth opportunities for men and women in these
professions.
Women artistes must be encouraged to be a part of the
setting, alongside with men. Organizations that support
such fine arts should take initiative to propel womenartistes and increase presence of women in the field.
Fear of abuse deters young women from taking to non-
traditional jobs, resulting in an unbalanced ratio of men
to women. Organizations have to thus take steps to enact
laws and rules that punish sexual harassment and other
forms of abuse.
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Doneby-
0712116- Dhivya S
0712155- Shushma ReddyP
0712157- Smriti Nandakumar
0712163- Sushma U.N
0712168- Vinitha Sukumar