Prof. Robertas Jucevicius
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 2
Clu
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Clusters are geographic concentrationsof interconnected companies and institutionsin a particular field.
Clusters represent a kind of new spatial organizationalform in between arm’s-length markets on the one handand hierarchies, or vertical integration, on the other.
M. E. Porter
Clustering is the tendency of vertically and / orhorizontally integrated firms in related lines ofbusiness to concentrate geographically.
OECD
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 3
Clu
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After 1990 industry in Lithuaniahas experienced huge structuraltransformation
Lack of co-operative culture
Tendency of businesses to cooperatewith Western businesses and notwith the local ones
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 4
Clu
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Biotechnologies Timber and furniture Textile and clothing TV-set production Building / construction services Milk production
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 5
Clu
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� “Fermentas” - biological reagentsfor gens’ engineering and moleculargenetics
� “Sicor Biotech” - interferon,biomedical preparation
� “Biocentras” - micro – organismsfor environmental cleaning
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 6
Clu
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Design &Construction
Education &Training
Transformers
Electronic tubes“Ekranas”
TV Sets“Tauras”
Glass production
Equipment
Deflection jokesVilniaus Vingis
Plastics
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 7
Clu
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Suppliers(State forestry,private forest
owners)
Transportcompanies Metal
processingcompanies
Furnituremanufacturing
Construction
Chemicals
Machineryand
equipment
Energy
Forest-based industry:
• Woodworking• Paper and board
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 8
Clu
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iaHOLDING GROUPS
USG
AMG
UMP
AMGDailinta
Dirvonai, Dominga SawmilsDominga TradingMedzio Apdaila
Singlis
Venta
GiriuInterflex
KlaipedosRietavo Baldai
Sakuona
Akmena
KarigeKauno Baldai
KlaipedosKlaipedos baldu
FredaDilikas
Woodteam
Sawmill
Products for FurnitureIndustry & DIY Market
Furniture Components
Glued Panels, Furniture
Wooden Furniture
Particleboard
Furniture, Furn.Plywood, Particleboard
Wooden FurnitureVeneered Components
Furniture
Furniture
Traiding in Furn.
SWISCO APS
IKEA Trading & DesignAG, Kontinent Mobel
Vakaru Mediena
IKEA, SODIM
DURKOPP ADLER AGJUKI, SODIM, IKEA
MITSUBISHI VIERHAUS
BALTICAMERICANCONCORD
LIBRAGROUP
KLAIPEDOSMEDIENA
GROUP
SBACONCERN
BALTIJOSBALDAI
Pro
f. R. Ju
cevi�ius - L
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Clusters & “clusters” in Lithuania
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 10
Clu
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38,1
11,9
3,8
22,4
1998
34,7
12,0
4,4
18,3
1996
38,9
12,5
4,1
22,3
1997
42,334,537,740,137,0Total
12,811,814,116,218,2Furniture industry
4,34,85,05,86,7Paper industry
25,217,918,618,112,1Woodworkingindustry
19991995199419931992
Number of employees, 1.000
Pro
f. R. Ju
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Clusters & “clusters” in Lithuania
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 12
Clu
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Governmentregulation,
pricing,subsidies
Hygiene &quality
standards
Researchinstitutions
Technologies&equipment
manufacturing
Automotiveindustry
Wholesaling& retailing
Transport &infrastructure
Marketing
Foodprocessing
Agriculturalproduction
Packaging
Logistics &distribution
Glassproduction
Paperproduction
Chemicalindustry Metal
products
Prof. R. Jucevi�ius - Lithuania 13
Clu
ster
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“cl
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in L
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ia Energy,water supply
Retail,wholesale.
Communicationinfrastructure
Services (restaurants,hotels, etc.)
ClothingTextiles
Machinery
Petroleumrefineries
Agriculture
Chemicalindustry
Wood industry(e.g.: furniture)
Wood pulpprocessing
Government(police, army,hospitals, etc.)
Plastic, metalaccessories
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Clu
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Real estateagencies
Science &research
institutionsMetal
constructions Miningindustry
Timberindustry
Transport
Sales ofbuildingmaterials
Projection(designing)
Production ofconstructionequipment
Energetics
Creditsystem
Constructionservices Building
materials
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Clu
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• Two main directions in specialisation: complex services providers (65 %)and/or specialization in manufacturing;
• Organizations much more linked through vertical (buyer/supplier)relationships;
• Partnering based on long-term relations, but often between“family/capital” related organizations;
• Major concentration is seen round the main regions: regional clustering.
* * * * * * *There are about 2 000 companies running business construction in Lithuania.
• Leaders in construction services sector are Ranga IV, UAB (450 employees),Alkesta, AB (410 employees), Panevezio statybos trestas, AB (704 employees), etc.
About 700 organizations represents Lithuanian building material sector.
• The bigest are Dvarcioniu keramika (ceramics), Vilsota, Gargzdu Mida(bituminous coat), Eternit Akmene (tiles).
Is this a cluster?