Principal Investigator Supervisor Co-Supervisor
Edison Mukadah Proff Greg Foster Dr Hannah Slay
Background
• Exponential increase of mobile messaging
SMS MMS Mobile email Chatting …mxit
Problem Statement
• Mobile texting is slow
Guinness world record:192 wpm vs 29 wpm
Problem Statement Cont…
mini EV-K130Xun Chi 138F88 wrist watch Mobile Phone
•Miniaturisation of Mobile Device Faceplate
Problem in fitting all the buttons
Objective of Project
• Design a New Interface and predictive Algorithm
For improved text entry speed
To cater for miniaturised devices
To use a scroll wheel
Why choose a scroll wheel
• Saves Space
• To use agility of the thumb
• More feasible alternative to: Voice input
Stylus based input
Virtual Keyboards
Approach to Project
Literature Survey
Voice Input
Developing The Interfaces
Nokia 5300 Nokia 7380New Interface
Design and Implementation
• 5 Interfaces developed in flash
“T9” (Nokia 5300)
“Multi-Tap” (Nokia 5300)
“scroll Wheel Non-Predictive” (Nokia 7380)
“Scroll Wheel Predictive” (Nokia 7380)
Scroll Wheel Enhanced Prediction (New Algorithm)
Why Use Simulator
• No current phones with hardware capability
• To standardise experiment
User Testing
• To test interfaces in terms of :
Text entry accuracy
Text entry speed
Set-up
Laptop ComputerConnection Cables
Mouse
Speaker
Speaker
LCD Monitor
Procedure
• 10 users recruited
• 5 Interfaces tested
• 5 phrases per interface
Readability Scores
Phrases Used
Phrase Flesch Reading Ease as %
Do you like bad people? 100
Our cause will be for all. 100
I left you side cover. 100
Did you like the rain? 100
I like to ask young people a question. 92.9
Average Score 98.6
ResultsText Entry Speed
8.09
11.85
2.25
4.09
6.04
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Traditional Multi-tap
TraditionalPredictive
Scroll WheelNon-Predictive
Scroll WheelPredictive
Scroll WheelEnhancedPrediction
Interface
Wo
rds
per
Min
ute
(wp
m)
Results ContAverage Error Rates
4.89
2.85
9.06
6.6947.34
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Traditional Multi-tap
TraditionalPredictive
Scroll WheelNon-Predictive
Scroll WheelPredictive
Scroll WheelEnhancedPrediction
Interface
Err
or
Rate
(%
)
Interpretations Speed
• Scroll wheel interfaces generally slower
• “T9” gave the fastest text entry speed
• New Interface gave a 50% speed up compared to Nokia 7300
predictive algorithm
• New Interface gave a 300 % speed up compared to Nokia 7300
non-predictive algorithm
Interpretations
Accuracy
• Scroll wheel interfaces generally more error prone
• “T9” gave lowest error rate
• New Interface is slightly more error prone compared to Nokia 7300
predictive algorithm
• Nokia 7300 non-predictive was more difficult to use hence it had more errors.
Future Work
• Use a real hardware device
• Implement Contextual prediction
• Use a pressure sensing touch-pad to implement scrolling
Demo:
ANYONE WITH A