8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
1/21
Prepared by:-
Submitted to:-Mechanical engineering department
L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad
1
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
2/21
Aim of the training:-
Generally the aim of the any industrial training is to
get the practical knowledge about particular field
and to take the industrial experience.
By the training one should know the real aspects
of the technology and to know how the
applications actually used in industry.
My aim for the training is to know about how
technology is utilized and how it is become more
useful to mankind.
2
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
3/21
Company profile:-
Gandhinagar thermal power station is one of themost leading power station in Gujarat.It has totalgenerating capacity of 870 MW.
The main vision of the company is to To becomeone of the most efficient power generatingcompanies globally & being ethically & sociallyresponsive.
I choose this company for training because it isone of the most prestigious industry in the powersectors of Gujarat.
3
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
4/21
INTRODUCTION:-
A thermal power station is a power plant in whichthe prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turnsinto steam and spins a steam turbine which either drivesan electrical generator .
After it passes through the turbine, the steamis condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it washeated ; this is known as a rankine cycle.
The rest of the energy must leave the plant in the form of
heat. This waste heat can go through a condenser and bedisposed of with cooling water or in cooling towers.
4
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
5/21
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THERMAL POWER PLANT:-
5
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
6/21
Working principle:-
6
Chemicalenergy of coal
Kinetic energyof steam
Mechanicalenergy of turbine
Electricalenergy ofgenerator
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
7/21
Power Plant Cycle:-
STEAM AND WATER CYCLE
COAL CYCLE
AIR AND FLUE GAS CYCLE
COOLING WATER CYCLE
ASH HANDLING CYCLE
7
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
8/21
STEAM AND WATER CYCLE
8
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
9/21
STEAM AND WATER CYCLE
Feed water from the drum the water goes to the down comers andrises in boiler tubes.
This superheated steam which has temperature of 540 0c & pressureof 139 Kg/cm 2 is used to drive the H.P. turbine.
H.P. turbine has a temperature of 365 0C and a pressure of 32Kg/cm2 enters the re-heater through where its temperature isincreased to 5400C keeping the pressure constant.
The steam goes to the M.P. turbine here some amount of the steam
is extracted and sent to H.P. heaters. And the remaining amount ofsteam is sent to low pressure turbine. L.P. turbine some amount of steam is given to low pressure heater
& most of the part is given to condensers. Where steam condensesto water
9
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
10/2110
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
11/21
COAL CYCLE
The coal from the coal yard is crushed sent by conveyer belts tocoal bunkers and then pulveriser. Primary air picks this coal and takes it to the furnace where it is
combusted. This coal with help of the secondary air burns completely.
For effective burning the coal is crushed to increase its surfacearea By increasing surface area of coal we can get more efficientcombustion which is help us to increase efficiency.
For pulverising of coal bowl mills are used which is shownbelow.
11
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
12/21
Bowl Mill
12
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
13/21
AIR AND ASH CYCLE
Primary air fan sucks air from
the atmosphere which is heatedin the air preheater.
This air picks coal from the pulveriser and takes to the
furnace. Forced draught fan sucks air
from the atmosphere and this issupplied as secondary air intothe furnace for complete
combustion. I.D. Fan suck flue gas from ESP
and discharge into atmospherethrough chimeny.
13
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
14/21
COOLING WATER CYCLE
14
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
15/21
COOLING WATER SYSTEM Steam falls on the condenser from
the top and covers the tubes from
which water is flowing. The water enters the condenser at
temp of 30 0C and leaves at 400C theamount of water required is 18000TPH the condensate which is
produced gets collected in the hot
well. The heat is lost by the water to the
air in the cooling tower byconvection.
The water coming out of the all theplaces go back to the cooling towerfor cooling purpose. Some amountof the water is lost due toevaporation in the cooling tower.This make up water is taken fromD.M. Plant.
15
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
16/21
CONDENSER Necessity:- Improves the efficiency. Decreasing the exhaust
pressure of the steam
Below atmosphere.
Provide a source of
good pure feedwater
reduces the cost of power generation.
increases enthalpy drop by
vacuum so efficiencyincreases.
pure feed water provides to
boiler so salt deposition inthe
boiler is prevented.
16
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
17/21
ASH HANDLING SYSTEM
Bottom ashThe water impounded bottom ash hopper receives the
bottom ash from furnace where it is stored and
periodiocally discharged to the clinker grinder.
Fly ash System
The fly ash is collected by the ESP and its below each
hopper there is a material handling valve.
17
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
18/21
ASH HANDLING SYSTEM
18
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
19/21
Electrostatic Precipitator
19
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
20/21
Ash Handling System
A 200 MW capacity power plant using Indians Coals produces
as a large as 60000 tons of ash per annum. Power plant of 200MW capacity requires 160 hectares area
during its life time it the ashes produced are dumped at the site
of the plant.
The ashes should be discharges and dumped at a sufficientdistance form the power plant because of the following
reasons.
(1) The ash is dusty, therefore irritating and annoying to handle.
(2) It is sufficiently hot when it comes out of the boiler furnace(3) It produces poisonous gases and corrosive acids when mixed
with water.
20
8/9/2019 PRESENTATION ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT THERMAL POWER PLAN,GANDHINAGAR
21/21
THANK YOU
LIFE IS LIKE A FOOTBALL GAME AND WE
ARE LIKE FOOTBALL,NEVER MIND IF
PEOPLE WILL KICK YOU BECAUSE
REMEMBER THAT WITHOUT THEIR KICK
YOU CANT REACH YOUR GOAL
21