PRESENT SIMPLE – PAST SIMPLE
PAST SIMPLE – PAST PERFECT
FUTURE SIMPLE – FUTURE IN THE PAST
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE – PAST PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PERFECT – PAST PERFECT
ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ПОВЕСТВОВАТЕЛЬНОГОПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В КОСВЕННОЙ РЕЧИ НЕОБХОДИМО:
1.СОБЛЮДАТЬ ПРАВИЛО СОГЛАСОВАНИЯ ВРЕМЕН
2.ЗАМЕНЯТЬ ЛИЧНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ ПО СМЫСЛУ
3.ИСПОЛЬЗОВАТЬ ГЛАГОЛЫ TO SAY, TO TELL (HE SAID, HE TOLD THAT…)4. ЗАМЕНЯТЬ НАРЕЧИЯ (места и времени
действия.) ПО СМЫСЛУ: HERE – THERE THIS - THAT NOW – THEN TODAY – THAT DAY YESTERDAY – THE DAY BEFORE TOMORROW – THE NEXT DAY
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE
S + V/ VsS + V/ Vs
S + DON’T/ DOESN/T + VS + DON’T/ DOESN/T + V
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
S + Ved / VS + Ved / V22
S + DIDN’T + VS + DIDN’T + V
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
S + Ved / VS + Ved / V22
S + DIDN’T + VS + DIDN’T + V
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
S + HAD + VS + HAD + Ved/3ed/3
S + HADN’T + VS + HADN’T + Ved/3ed/3
FUTURE SIMPLEFUTURE SIMPLE
S + SHALL/ WILL + VS + SHALL/ WILL + V
S + SHAN’T/ WON’T + VS + SHAN’T/ WON’T + V
FUTURE IN THE PASTFUTURE IN THE PAST
S + SHOULD/ WOULD + VS + SHOULD/ WOULD + V
PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT
S + HAS/HAVE + Ved/ VS + HAS/HAVE + Ved/ V33
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
S + HAD + VS + HAD + Ved/3ed/3
S + HADN’T + VS + HADN’T + Ved/3ed/3
PRESENT PROGRESSIVEPRESENT PROGRESSIVE
S + AM/ IS/ ARE + VingS + AM/ IS/ ARE + Ving
PAST PROGRESSIVEPAST PROGRESSIVE
S + WAS/ WERE + VingS + WAS/ WERE + Ving
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECH
PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE
““I study English at school”I study English at school”
““We don’t like to read books”We don’t like to read books”
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
He said that he studied English.He said that he studied English.
They said they didn’t like booksThey said they didn’t like books
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
““My parents lived here twoMy parents lived here two
years ago”years ago”
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
She said her parents had livedShe said her parents had lived
there two years before.there two years before.
FUTURE SIMPLEFUTURE SIMPLE
““We will tell you about it We will tell you about it tomorrow”tomorrow”
FUTURE IN THE PASTFUTURE IN THE PAST
They told that they would tellThey told that they would tell
Her about it the next day.Her about it the next day.
PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT““II have never been in Paris” have never been in Paris”
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
He said he had never been in He said he had never been in Paris.Paris.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVEPRESENT PROGRESSIVE
““He is watching TV now”He is watching TV now”
PAST PROGRESSIVEPAST PROGRESSIVE
She said that he was watching She said that he was watching TV then.TV then.
ПРИ ПЕРЕДАЧЕ ПОВЕЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯВ КОСВЕННОЙ РЕЧИ ГЛАГОЛ TO SAY ЗАМЕНЯЕТСЯГЛАГОЛАМИ: TO ASK, TO TELL, TO ORDER.КОСВЕННАЯ ПРОСЬБА И ПРИКАЗ ВЫРАЖАЮТСЯ ИНФИНИТИВОМ ПОСЛЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОГО ВОБЩЕМ ПАДЕЖЕ ИЛИ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ В ОБЪЕКТНОМПАДЕЖЕ.
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECH
““Go home!”, said the Go home!”, said the teacher to usteacher to us
The teacher told usThe teacher told us
to go home (to V)to go home (to V)
““Don’t make noise!” saidDon’t make noise!” said
my granny.my granny.
My granny asked meMy granny asked me
Not to make noise. Not to make noise.
(not to V)(not to V)
1. ПРЯМОЙ ПОРЯДОК СЛОВ2. СЛОВА АВТОРА ВВОДЯТСЯ СЛОВАМИ IF, WHETHER3. СХЕМА ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ: IF + S + v + V4. ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ КОСВЕННЫХ ВОПРОСОВ ИСПОЛЬЗУЮТСЯ ГЛАГОЛЫ: ASKED, WANTED TO KNOW, WONDERED.
СЛОВА АВТОРА ВВОДЯТСЯ ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫМИ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯМИ
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECHPRESENT SIMPLEPRESENT SIMPLE
““DO/DOES+S+V?”DO/DOES+S+V?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
S+ Ved/V2S+ Ved/V2
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
““DID+S+V?”DID+S+V?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
S+HAD+Ved/V3S+HAD+Ved/V3
FUTURE SIMPLEFUTURE SIMPLE
““WILL/SHALL+ S+V?”WILL/SHALL+ S+V?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
FUTURE IN THE PASTFUTURE IN THE PAST
S+ WOULD/SHOULD+ VS+ WOULD/SHOULD+ V
PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT
““HAVE/HAS+S+Ved/V3HAVE/HAS+S+Ved/V3
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
S+HAD+Ved/V3S+HAD+Ved/V3
PRESENT PROGRESSIVEPRESENT PROGRESSIVE
““AM/IS/ARE+S+Ving?”AM/IS/ARE+S+Ving?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIFPAST PROGRESSIVEPAST PROGRESSIVE
S+WAS/WERE+VingS+WAS/WERE+Ving
DIRECT SPEECHDIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECHINDIRECT SPEECHPRESENT SIMPLEPRESENT SIMPLE
““Do you like jam?”Do you like jam?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
I liked jamI liked jam
PAST SIMPLEPAST SIMPLE
““Did your sister go toDid your sister go to
school yesterday?”school yesterday?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
My sister had gone to My sister had gone to schoolschool
the day before?”the day before?”
FUTURE SIMPLEFUTURE SIMPLE
““Will they visit their Will they visit their friends tomorrow?”friends tomorrow?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
FUTURE IN THE PASTFUTURE IN THE PAST
They would visit theirThey would visit their
Friends the next dayFriends the next day
PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT
““Have you finished yourHave you finished your
Homework?”Homework?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIF
PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT
She had finished her She had finished her homeworkhomework
PRESENT PROGRESSIVEPRESENT PROGRESSIVE
““Are you listening toAre you listening to
Music now?”Music now?”
(HE) ASKED (HE) ASKED
IFIFPAST PROGRESSIVEPAST PROGRESSIVE
We were listening musicWe were listening music
thenthen
1. He said, “Do you like shopping?”
2. Mother said to her son, “ Have you invited anybody to dinner?”
3. He asked me, “ Will you go to the disco tomorrow?”
4. Ann said, “ Jane, where are you going for the weekend?”
5. I said to my friend, “How long did you stay in Moscow?”
6. Mike said to me, “ Where can I see you next time?”
7. He said me, “ What will you do after school?”
He asked if I liked shopping
Mother asked her son if he had invited …
He asked me if I would go to the disco the next day
Ann asked Jane where she was going for the weekend.
I asked my friend how long he had stayed in Moscow.
Mike asked me where he could see me the following time.
He asked me what I would do after school.
1. I said to Boris, “Does your friend live in London?”
2. “Sit down and do your homework,” said Tom’s mother to him.
3. My uncle said, “ We shall visit you next week.”
4. “Where are your books, boys?” said the teacher.
5. “ Don’t cross the street under the red light,” said the man to Nick.
6. Mother said to me, “Did you play with your friends yesterday?” 7. “I am shivering with cold,” said the girl.
I asked Boris if his friend lived in London.
Tom’s mother told him to sit down and do his homework.
My uncle said they would visit us the following week.
The teacher asked boys where their books were.
The man told Nick not to cross the street….
Mother asked me if I had played… with my...
The girl said that she was shivering with cold.
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