Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureSmart Farm StationsSmart Farm Stations
Yunxin Li and Raymond WangMotorola Australian Research Centre
Changing Farm EnvironmentChanging Farm Environment Merging and ConsolidatiionMerging and Consolidatiion
– Run by corporations instead of familiesRun by corporations instead of families
– Larger areas per farmLarger areas per farm
Increasing Global CompetitionIncreasing Global Competition
– Proifits from crop quality as well as quantityProifits from crop quality as well as quantity
– Costs and productivity improvementCosts and productivity improvement
• More sophysticated machinery and More sophysticated machinery and equipment per farmerequipment per farmer
– Sustainable growthSustainable growth
Increasing Environmental ConcernsIncreasing Environmental Concerns
– Land and environment conservationLand and environment conservation
– Polution reductionPolution reduction
– Natural disaster damage controlNatural disaster damage control
Evolving Farming TechnologyEvolving Farming TechnologyTodayToday
Electrical and mechanicalElectrical and mechanical
Hardware orientedHardware oriented
Manual and on-site controlManual and on-site control
Independent dumb machinesIndependent dumb machines
User and environment demandingUser and environment demanding
Unpredictable quality and quantity Unpredictable quality and quantity
TomorrowTomorrow
InformationInformation
Software orientedSoftware oriented
Automatic and remote controlAutomatic and remote control
Networked smart machinesNetworked smart machines
User and environment friendlyUser and environment friendly
Predictable in quality and quantityPredictable in quality and quantity
Precision Agriculture is an environment friendly system solution that optimizes product quality and quantity while minimising cost, human intervention and the variation caused by unpredictable nature.
Precision Agriculture SolutionsPrecision Agriculture Solutions
•Manual
•Unreliable
•Wired, Bulky
•User demanding
•Wireless integrated
•Zero configuration
•Location awareness
System ArchitectureSystem Architecture
FarmerFarmhouse
Base Station
10-25 acre
Zones
•Multi-hop
•10-100m per hop
•smart antennas
Smart Farm Station
System RequirementsSystem Requirements Low-cost, low-power, small size networking devicesLow-cost, low-power, small size networking devices
– unliscenced bandunliscenced band
– short distance per hopshort distance per hop
– low date ratelow date rate
• Sensor information data < 50 bps/zoneSensor information data < 50 bps/zone
– low mobilitylow mobility
Long Battery life (> 8 months)Long Battery life (> 8 months)
Robust to environment variationRobust to environment variation
– temperature, humidity, rain, wind, growing plantstemperature, humidity, rain, wind, growing plants
User friendlyUser friendly
– Minimal network set-up and configurationMinimal network set-up and configuration
– Minimal network managementMinimal network management
System RequirementsSystem RequirementsCharacteristic Value or RangeData rate (effective, not raw) Scalable from 600 bps to 64
kbpsRange (free space) 50 metersBattery life (with normal product usage) 8 monthsLatency (time between data ready for sending inappl. to data received by other appl.)
1 second
Nodes per network Effectively unlimitedTopology (master-slave/peer-to-peer, routing,repeaters)
Peer-to-peer and multi-hoprouting
Types of traffic (small/big packets,steady/bursty, asynch/isoc)
Short packet, bursty andasynchronous
Security (yes/no/optional) optionalRF output power (units such as dBm, subjectivesuch as controllable)
<1 dBm, with automatic powercontrol
Duty Cycle (what percentage of time the devicehas its RX/TX active)
1/1024 ~ 1/16
Temperature (industrial or indoor) -40C ~ +85C
Worry-free TomorrowWorry-free Tomorrow