PRESENTATION ON KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER
STATION
Poornima Institute Of Engineering &Technology
GUIDED BY :- K.R. PRAJAPAT( Dy. HOD)ARPIT KHANDELWAL(Asst. Prof.)
SUBMITTED BY :-APOORVA SHARMAPIET/EE/13/009VII SemesterElectrical Engg.
CONTENTSO Introduction of power plantO General layout & Basic IdeaO Coal Handling PlantO Ash Handling Plant & ESPO Boiler O Steam TurbineO Turbo GeneratorO Water Treatment PlantO Control Room & SwitchgearO Transformer & SwitchyardO ProtectionO Salient Features of KSTPSO ConclusionO References
INTRODUCTIONO The Kota Thermal Power Station is ideally on the
left bank of Chambal River at Up Stream of Kota Barrage.
O Its first unit of capacity 110 MW is commissioned on 17 Jan 1983 and last one on 2009.
O It is one of highest power generating plant with installed capacity of 1240 MW.
Favorable conditions Availability of large amount of water. Location at broad gauge Delhi-Mumbai
railway. Concentration of load. Constant water supply. Transmission and grid sub station are quit
near.
INSTALLED CAPACITY & DESIGNO The Kota Thermal Power Station is divided into four main circuits :
O KSTPS is designed in following stages...Stage Unit
NumberInstalled Capacity
(MW)
Date of Commissionin
g
Status
Stage I 1 110 January 1983 RunningStage I 2 110 July 1983 RunningStage II 3 210 September 1988 RunningStage II 4 210 May 1989 RunningStage III 5 210 March 1994 RunningStage IV 6 195 July 2003 RunningStage V 7 195 May 2009 Running
Fuel and Ash Circuit. Air and Gas Circuit. Feed water and Steam Circuit. Cooling Water Circuit.
Coal and Ashplant
Air and gas
Feed water
Cooling tower
GENERAL LAYOUT & BASIC IDEA
COAL HANDLING PLANTO Type of coal – BituminousO Everyday 6 to 7 trains (having 58 wagons) of coal are unloaded at
KSTPS .
Sources of coal
•Indian coal – 90%•GCV ~ 3500 •SECL (South Eastern Coalfields Limited), NCL (Northern Coalfield Limited)
•Imported coal – 10%•GCV ~ 6500•From Australia or South Africa
GENERAL LAYOUT OF CHP
BOILERO A boiler (or steam generator) is a closed vessel in which water, under
pressure is converted into steam.O In KSTPS, Natural circulation, tangentially fired, over hanged type, Water
tube boilers are used. O Oil burners are provided between coal burners for initial start up and
flame stabilization.
DESIGN OF BOILERSPECIFICATIONS OF BOILERO Type : Direct fired, natural
circulationO Make : BHEL.O Capacity. : 375 tonnes per
hour.O Steam Pressure. : 139 Kg./Cm2O Efficiency : 86.6 %.O No. of fans in service. -
a) ID fans. : 2 Nos.b) FD fans. : 2 Nos.c) PA fans. : 2 Nos.
O Steam Temperature : 540oC.O No. of coal mills in : 3 Nos.
service.O No. of soot blowers : 70 Nos.
BOILER SYSTEM Boiler Drum
Its function is to separate water and steam from mixture of steam & water generated in the furnace
walls.
BOILER SYSTEM Economizer
An Economizer extracts a part of heat from the flue gases and uses it for heating the feed water before it
enters into the steam drum.
BOILER SYSTEM Air Pre-heater
Air Pre heaters are employed to recover the heat from the flue gases leaving the Economizer & are used to
incoming air for combustion.
BOILER SYSTEM Super heater
A Super heater is a device which removes the last traces of moisture from the saturated steam leaving the boiler
tubes & also increases the temperature . Super heater consists a group of tubes.
Air from atmosphere
Super heater
I.D.F.
furnace
economizer
Air preheater
F.D.F.
E.S.P.
BOILER SYSTEM - Draft System & flow of flue gases
Stack
Boiler
tubes
Boiler
drum
Super heaters & reheater
economiser
condenser
FWP
turbine
DM water plant
BOILER SYSTEM – Flow of Steam
water
wet ash
To coal millTo furnace
PA Fan
FD Fan
APH
ESP
ID Fan
Boiler
ASH HANDLING
Dry Ash
Fly Ash
ASH HANDLING PLANT
O The Ash from the boiler is collected in two forms:
(1.) Bottom Ash(Slurry): It’s a waste which is dumped into a Ash Pond.
(2.) Fly Ash: Fly ash is separated from flue gases in ESP(Electro Static Precipitator).
Economizer: Reduces the temperature.
ELECTRO-STATIC PRECIPITATOR
Top fly ash, where the particle size vary from 0.75 microns to 100 micron use gradually use E.S.P. to purify the flue gases due to its higher efficiency & low running cost etc.
Steam is passed Through nozzle
Steam now falls on Turbine blade
moves the turbine
Steam Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is rotated steadily by impact or reaction of current or stream of working substances (Steam , Air, Water, Gases) upon Blades of a wheel.Parts of Turbine
A.) Nozzle B.) Blade C.) Rotor shaft
STEAM TURBINE
STEAM TURBINEO Turbine system
consists 1. HPT2. IPT3. LPT
ORegenerating Heating System consists of
a) HP Heatersb) LP Heatersc) Deaeratord) Condensere) CEP & BFPf) CW System
STEAM TURBINESteam Flow in a
turbine…O Steam in H.P. Turbine : P =
140 kg/cm2 T =
540’CO Steam in I.P. Turbine : P =
26 kg/cm2 T =
540’CO Steam in L.P. Turbine : P = 7
kg/cm2 T =
270’C
TURBO GENERATORO Designed for continuous operation at the rated output.O Directly coupled with steam turbine, rotated at high speed of
3000 RPM.
Major parts of stator are1. Stator frame2. Stator core3. Stator bars4. Stator windings5. Ventilation system6. Hydrogen coolers
Major parts of rotor are7. Rotor frame8. Rotor Windings
COOLING SYSTEM & EXCITATION SYSTEM FOR ALTERNATOR
O Cooling System - Hydrogen is used for
cooling medium primarily because of its superior cooling properties & low density.
O Excitation system - 1) Rectifier transformer.2) Nos. of thyristor
converters.3) An automatic voltage
regulator (AVR).4) Field suppression
equipment.5) Field flashing equipment.
WATER TREATMENT PLANTRAW
WATERCLARIFL
OCULATOR
GRAVITY FILTER
U/G
STORAGE TANK
D.M. PLANT
BOILER MAKEU
PC.W.
MAKEUP
SOFTENING
PLANT
COOLING WATER
DRINKING WATER
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
CONTROL ROOM
FAN CONTROL
DESK
TURBINE DESK
FUEL CONTROL
DESK
GENERATOR CONTROL
DESK
STEAM PRESSURE &
CONTROL DESK
TRANSFORMERO Transformer is a static device which is used to change the voltage
level keeping the power & frequency same.O There are about 83 transformers installed at various places in plant
to operate the auxiliaries.
Types of Installed Transformer(1.) Generator Transformer A
- Steps up (16.5KV to 220KV)(2.) Generator Transformer B -
Steps up (16.5KV to 400KV)(3.) Unit Auxiliary Transformer
- Steps down (16.5KV to 6.9KV)
(4.) Station Service Transformer - Steps down(6.9KV to 0.433KV)
TOTAL OUTGOING FEEDERS
PLACES NO. OF FEEDERSSanganer 1Herapura 1
Modak gss 1Power grid nawta 2
Byawar 2Sakatpura gss 4
MAIN PARTS OF SWITCHYARDO Bus BarO Bus CouplerO Isolating switchO Earthing SwitchO Lightning ArresterO Current & Potential
Transformer (CT&PT)
O Circuit BreakerO Capacitive Voltage
Transformer (CVT)O Wave TrapO Supporting
Structures
PROTECTION1. Field Protection2. Pole Slipping3. Plane Overload Protection4. Inter-turn Fault5. Negative Phase Sequence Protection6. Reverse Power Protection7. Forward Power Protection8. Under Frequency & Over Frequency Protection9. Generator Voltage Protection10. Rotor Earth Fault Protection
CONCLUSIONOThe first phase of practical training has proved to be quiet fruitful. It provided an opportunity for encounter with such huge machines like wagon tippler .110 MW, 210 MW & 195 MW turbines and generators.
OThe architecture of the power plant the way various units are linked and the way working of whole plant is controlled make the student realize that engineering is not just learning the structured description and working of various machines, but the greater part is of planning proper management.
REFERENCES
O http://www.mapsofindia.com/kota/industries/super-thermal-power-plant.html
O http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_power_station
O www.geocities.comO http://www.energymanagertraining.com/
power_plants/ThermalPowerPlants.htmO www.rvunl.com