Marine Region 9: South Atlantic

Marine Region 3: Mediterranean

Marine Region 4: Northwest Atlantic

Marine Region 5: Northeast Atlantic

Marine Region 6: Baltic

Marine Region 7: Wider Caribbean

Marine Region 8: West Africa

Marine Region 2: Arctic

Marine Region 1: Antarctic Marine Region 10: Central Indian Ocean

Marine Region 11: Arabian Seas

Marine Region 12: East Africa

Marine Region 13: East Asian Seas

Marine Region 14: South Pacific

Marine Region 15: Northeast Pacific

Marine Region 16: Northwest Pacific

Marine Region 17: Southeast Pacific

Marine Region 18: Australia-New Zealand

NortheastAtlantic

5

Arctic2

NorthwestAtlantic

4

Wider Caribbean7

West Africa8

Central IndianOcean

10

East Asian Seas13

South Pacific14

South Pacific14

SoutheastPacific

17

NortheastPacific

15

Arabian Seas11

East Africa12

Australia-New Zealand18

NorthwestPacific

16

South Atlantic9

Baltic6

Mediterranean3

Antarctic1

ATLANTICOCEAN

INDIANOCEANPACIFIC

OCEAN

ARCTICOCEAN

ATLANTICOCEAN

INDIANOCEAN

PACIFICOCEAN

Argentina

Chile

NewZealand

Canada

Iceland

UnitedKingdomIreland

TheNetherlands

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FinlandSweden

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CroatiaSlovenia

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BarbadosSt Vincent and the Grenadines

St Lucia

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Antigua andBarbuda

DominicanRepublic

Haiti

Jamaica

Cuba

TheBahamas

Mauritania

Mali Niger

Chad

Sudan

Central AfricanRepublic

Cameroon

NigeriaBenin

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GhanaC ted’Ivoire

ô

Liberia

SierraLeone

Guinea

Burkina

Guinea Bissau

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The Gambia

EquatorialGuinea

Sao Tomeand Principe

Gabon Congo

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Uganda

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SolomonIslands

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Australia

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Georgia

ArmeniaAzerbaijan

Uzbekistan

TurkmenistanTajikistan

Kyrgyzstan

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Malta

Jawa

Bali

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Flores

Timor

Falkland Islands(Islas Malvinas)

South GeorgiaIsland (UK) South Sandwich

Islands (UK)

South Orkney Islands

South ShetlandIslands

Peter IIsland

CampbellIsland (NZ)

AucklandIslands (NZ)

MacquarieIslands (Aus)

Tasmania(Aus)

BallenyIslands

McDonald Islands (Aus)

McDonald Islands (Aus)

Heard Island (Aus)

Heard Island (Aus)

KerguelenIslands (Fr)

KerguelenIslands (Fr)

Crozet Islands (Fr)

MarionIsland (SA)

MarionIsland (SA)

PrinceEdward

Island (SA)

PrinceEdward

Island (SA)

Bouvet (Nor)

Gough Island(UK)

Alaska(US)

Aleutian Islands(Alaska)

(US)

BaffinIsland

Greenland(Den)

EllesmereIsland

Svalbard

Bear Island

NovayaZemlya

FranzJosefLand

SevernayaZemlya

Wrangel Island

Gibraltar(UK) I de Albor ná

Vancouver Island

BanksIsland

VictoriaIsland

Devon Island

Newfoundland

Nova Scotia

Bermuda(UK)

Azores(Port)

Madeira(Port)

Kaliningrad(Russia)

Florida

FrenchGuiana (Fr)

veriR oconirO

Turks and CaicosIs (UK)

PuertoRico (US)

US Virgin Is (US)British

Virgin Is (UK)Netherlands Antilles

(Neth) Guadeloupe (Fr)

Martinique (Fr)

CaymanIs (UK)

CanaryIslands

(Sp)

WesternSahara

(Morocco)

AscensionIsland

(St Helena)

St Helena (UK)

Martin VazIslands(Brazil)

Trindade(Brazil)

Tristan da Cunha (UK)

Inaccessible Island(Tristan da Cunha)

Gough Island(Tristan da Cunha)

Falkland Islands(Islas Malvinas)

SouthGeorgiaIsland

FernandoDe Noronha

revi RnoAmaz

Andamanand

NicobarIslands(India)Lakshadweep

Islands(India)

British Indian OceanTerritory (UK)

revi

R sudnI

Socotra(Yemen)

Iles Glorieuses(R union)é

Mayotte (Fr)

Juan deNova I

(R union)é

Bassas daIndia (R union)é

Europa I(R union)é

Agalega Is(Mauritius)

Tromelin(R union)é Cargados Carajos

Is (Mauritius)

Rodrigues(Mauritius)

R union (Fr)é

Amsterdam I (Fr)

St Paul I (Fr)

ahM akan River

MekongRiver

anG ges River

Sumatera

Sarawak(Malaysia)

Sabah(Malaysia)

Kalimantan(Indonesia)

Irian Jaya(Indonesia)

Sulawesi

Moluccas

Mindinao

Bohol

Cebu

NegrosPalawan

Mindoro

Luzon

Panay

Niue (NZ)

AmericanSamoa (US)

Minerva Reefs

New Caledonia (Fr)

Wallis andFutuna Is (Fr)

Howland (US)

Baker (US)

Midway Is(US)

Wake (US)

NorthernMariana

Islands (US)

Guam (US)

Hawaii (US)

JohnstonAtoll (US)

PalmyraAtoll (US)

CookIslands

(NZ)

French Polynesia (Fr)

PitcairnIsland (UK)

Easter Island(Chile)

Revillagidedo Islands(Mex)

Queen Charlotte Islands

British Columbia

California

ChannelIslands

Hong Kong (China)

reviR eztgnaY

Hokkaido

Kuril Islands

Sakhalin Island(Russia)

Commander Islands(Russia)

Kamchatka

Cocos I(Costa Rica)

Malpelo I(Col)

GalapagosIslands

(Ecuador)

Chiloe Island

WesternAustralia

NorthernTerritory

SouthAustralia

Queensland

New SouthWales

Victoria

Norfolk I(Aus) Kermadec Is

(NZ)

Elizabeth andMiddleton Reefs

(Aus)

Lord Howe andBall’s Pyramid

(Aus)

Chatham Is(NZ)

Bounty Is(NZ)

Antipodes Is(NZ)

Auckland Is(NZ)

Campbell I(NZ)

Macquarie I(Aus)

Tasmania

Cocos (Keeling)Is (Aus)

Christmas I(Aus)

Ashmore andCartier Is (Aus)

West Bank& Gaza

Corsica

Sardinia

Sicily

Crete

MenorcaMallorca

Ibiza

SouthPole

Bonin Is(Japan)

La Galite

WeddellSea

RossSea

BeaufortSea

Davis Strait

HudsonBay

Foxe Basin

BaffinBay

Bay ofBiscay

NorthSea

CelticSea

Gulf of Finland

Gulf ofBothnia

BalticSea

Gulf ofMexico

Gulfof Aden

ArabianSea

RedSea

Bay ofBengal

South China Sea

CoralSea

Great Australian Bight

MediterraneanSea

Black Sea

TasmanSea

Arctic Ring of Life International Marine Biocultural Reserve, proposed (2)Barents Sea International Marine Park, proposed (2)Beringia Heritage International Park, proposed (2)

Spratly Islands Marine Sanctuary, may be proposed (13)South Pacific Whale Sanctuary, proposed (14, 17, 18)Orca Pass International Marine Stewardship Area, proposed (15)

Celtic Shelf Break MPA, proposed (5)Dogger Bank SAC, proposed (5) South Atlantic Sanctuary, proposed (8, 9)

9-16 Isla Monte León Provincial Reserve, proposed as a national park9-17 Cabo Virgenes Nature Reserve, proposed for expansion

9-34 Marine Tucuxi Environmental Protection Area of Paraty Bay, proposed9-35 to 9-37 Three Uruguayan MPAs, proposed

3-1 Losinj Dolphin Reserve, proposed

3-59 Cape Sarych to Cape Khersones MPA, proposed

3-54 to 3-56 Three Tunisian MPAs, proposed

3-29 to 3-50 Twenty-two Spanish SACs in Mediterranean waters, proposed

3-24 to 3-25 Two Maltan marine conservation areas, proposed

3-17 Tuscan Archipelago National Park, proposed for extension3-18 Capo Testa-Punta Falcone MPA, proposed3-19 Pelagie Islands MPA, proposed3-20 Asinara Island National Park, proposed for extension3-21 Maddalena Archipelago National Park, proposed for extension3-22 Regno di Nettuno MPA, proposed

3-6 Scandola Nature Reserve, proposed3-7 Kalamos MPA, proposed3-8 Southern Crete Sperm Whale MPA, proposed

4-6 Manicouagan 'Marine Protected Area', proposed4-7 Igaliqtuuq National Wildlife Area and Biosphere Reserve, proposed4-8 Beaufort Sea Beluga 'Marine Protected Area', proposed4-9 to 4-11 Three NW Atlantic national marine conservation areas, proposed but suspended

4-18 Jeffreys Ledge MPA, proposed

5-17 Formigas Islets and Dollabarat Reef Natural Reserve, proposed 5-18 Iroise Marine National Park, proposed5-19 to 5-21 Three harbor porpoise SACs, two proposed, one with proposed extension

5-31 to 5-32 Two Madeiran ZECs, proposed5-33 to 5-34 Two Portuguese reserves, proposed for expansion as ZECs5-35 to 5-38 Four Spanish parks, proposed for expansion as SACs5-39 to 5-44 Six Spanish SACs in Atlantic waters, proposed5-45 Moray Firth Candidate SAC, proposed5-46 Cardigan Bay Candidate SAC, proposed5-47 Lleyn Peninsula and the Sarnau SAC, proposed5-48 Hebridean Marine National Park, proposed5-49 Atlantic Frontier MPA and World Heritage Site, proposed5-50 St Kilda Archipelago SAC, proposed

5-23 to 5-29 Seven Irish SACs, proposed

6-1 to 6-4 Four German harbor porpoise SACs, proposed

7-A Guadeloupe Sanctuary, or Sanctuary of the South Antilles, proposed

7-48 Venezuelan Cetacean Sanctuary, proposed

7-42 Mouchoir Bank Marine Sanctuary, may be proposed

7-35 East National Park, proposed for expansion7-36 Bayahibe Marine Sanctuary, proposed

7-22 to 7-32 Eleven Cuban PAs with marine components, proposed

7-13 Gondoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Reserve, proposed for expansion

7-11 Turneffe Atoll MPA and Biosphere Reserve, proposed

8-A Canary Islands Cetacean Marine Sanctuary, proposed

8-42 to 8-43 Betty's Bay MPA, proposed for expansion as part of Kogelberg MPA/Biosphere Reserve8-44 Goukamma MPA, proposed for expansion8-45 St Helena Biosphere Reserve, proposed

8-40 Cape Peninsula MPA, proposed (includes 8-41)

8-34 West Coast National Park, proposed (includes 8-35 to 8-39)

8-13 Southeastern Fuerteventura MPA, proposed8-14 Cape Verde Humpback Whale MPA, proposed

2-1 Nirjutiqavvik National Wildlife Area, proposed for higher protection

2-28 Svalbard National Park, proposed

2-15 Franz Josef Land Zakaznik, proposed for national park2-16 Russian Arctic National Park, proposed2-17 Solovetskiy Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik, proposed

2-5 Skjalfandi Bay MPA, under discussion2-6 Tysfjord and Hellemofjord MPA, proposed

1-1 Ross Sea MPA, may be proposed 10-1 Sundarbans World Heritage Site, partly proposed as a dolphin sanctuary10-2 Sangu River, may be proposed as a dolphin sanctuary

10-8 Royal Bardia National Park, proposed for expansion10-9 Palk Bay and the Gulf of Mannar Marine International Park, proposed

10-5 Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, proposed for expansion10-6 Eidhigali Kulhi and Koattey Protected Area, proposed

11-2 Bar al Hikman MPA, proposed11-3 Masirah Island MPA, proposed

12-7 Kiunga Marine National Reserve, proposed for expansion

12-31 to 12-33 Three Tanzanian marine reserves and conservation areas, proposed

12-15 Maputo Bay-Inhaca Island Machangalo Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion12-16 Zambezi River Delta Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed12-17 Réunion Marine Park, proposed

12-10 Baie d'Antongil-Sainte Marie Island Humpback Whale Sanctuary, proposed12-11 Toliara-Nosy Ve Candidate World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion

13-A Indonesian Marine Mammal Management Area, proposed13-1 Mekong River Ramsar Site, proposed for expansion

13-34 Hon Mun MPA, proposed

13-22 North Borneo Marine Park, proposed13-23 Lawas Marine Park, proposed

13-5 Komodo National Park, Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site, proposed for expansion13-6 Semayang Lake National Park, proposed13-7 to 13-17 Eleven Indonesian MPAs, proposed13-18 Community Fisheries Conservation Zones (FCZ) of Muang-Khong District, may be proposed

14-4 Parques Marinos de Rapa Nui, must be expanded

14-15 Arnavon Islands Marine Conservation Area, proposed for expansion

14-11 Milne Bay MPA, proposed

14-7 Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve, proposed as a national marine sanctuary

15-2 Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, proposed for expansion15-3 Race Rocks Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-4 Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, proposed for expansion15-5 Southern Strait of Georgia National Marine Conservation Area, proposed15-6 Scott Islands Marine Wildlife Area, proposed15-7 Bowie Seamount Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-8 Gabriola Passage Candidate 'Marine Protected Area', proposed15-9 Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve, proposed for greater protection

15-22 Southeastern Bering Sea Right Whale Critical Habitat, proposed15-23 San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge, proposed for expansion15-24 Northwest Straits 'management area', proposed but suspended

15-15 Bahía Magdalena National Gray Whale Refuge, proposed

16-4 Zhujiang (Pearl River) Delta Ecosystem Protected Area, proposed

16-22 Northeast Sakhalin Whale Zakaznik, proposed for expansion16-23 Shantar Archipelago National Park, proposed

17-21 Peninsula Bayovar MPA, proposed

17-14 Machalilla National Park, proposed for expansion

17-8 Malaga Bay MPA, proposed

18-9 Ningaloo Marine Park, proposed for expansion18-10 Bonney Upwelling Blue Whale Feeding critical habitat MPA, may be proposed

18-49 Banks Peninsula Marine Mammal Sanctuary, proposed for expansion18-50 Akaroa Harbour Marine Reserve, proposed18-51 Doubtful Sound Marine Sanctuary, proposed18-52 West Coast Marine Park, proposed

18-44 The Capes Marine Park, proposed18-45 Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine Reserve, proposed

18-37 Encounter Bay MPA, proposed18-38 Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary, proposed

18-23 Port Stephens Marine Park, may be proposed

18-18 to 18-20 Two Queensland marine parks and one indigenous protected area, proposed

18-12 Hervey Bay Marine Park, proposed for expansion

17-2 to 17-5 Four Chilean MPAs, parks and reserves, proposed for expansion

5-49

5-215-20 5-19

6-1 6-4

6-3

2-62-5

2-1

6-2

5-50

5-48

5-245-23

5-265-285-25

5-445-435-425-41

5-37 to 5-40

5-34

5-355-36

3-393-38

3-363-37

3-353-443-48

3-34 3-46

3-423-40

3-473-33

3-323-30

3-293-31

3-6

3-213-203-18

3-17

3-24

3-59

3-25

3-193-54 to 3-56

3-413-45 & 3-49

3-50 3-43

5-32

8-13

8-14

5-17

5-31

5-29

5-275-47

5-46

Iroise Marine National Park, proposed (5-18)

Sado Estuary Natural Reserveproposed as a ZEC (5-33)

Moray Firth Candidate SAC, proposed (5-45)

Losinj Dolphin Reserve, proposed (3-1)

Kalamos MPA, proposed (3-7)

Southern Crete Sperm Whale MPAproposed (3-8)

Regno di Nettuno MPA, proposed (3-22)

Ross Sea MPAmay be proposed (1-1)

Solovetskiy Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednikproposed (2-17)

4-10

4-18

4-6 4-11

4-9

4-8

15-7

15-6 15-8

15-24

15-23

15-3

15-915-4

7-287-32

7-237-247-27 7-22

7-117-30

7-29

7-257-26

7-31

7-42

7-36

7-35

7-48

7-13

17-8

17-2

17-3

West Coast National Park, proposed (8-34)

8-448-40

8-43

9-34

9-37

9-369-35

9-17

9-16

14-4

Eidhigali Kulhi and Koattey Protected Area, proposed (10-6)

10-110-2

13-18

16-4

13-34

13-2213-23

13-12

13-1613-15

13-8

13-11

13-10

13-913-14

13-13

13-17

10-9

11-3

11-2

10-5

10-8

Kiunga Marine National Reserveproposed for expansion (12-7)

Baie d'Antongil-Sainte Marie Island Humpback Whale Sanctuary, proposed (12-10)

Réunion Marine Park, proposed (12-17)

12-31 to 12-33

12-16

12-11

Mekong River Ramsar Siteproposed for expansion (13-1)

Komodo National Parkproposed for expansion (13-5)

Semayang Lake National Park, proposed (13-6)

Alor-Solor MPA, proposed (13-7)

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve

proposed as a NMS (14-7)

Milne Bay MPA, proposed (14-11)

14-15

Gwaii Haanas National Marine Conservation Area Reserve

proposed for expansion (15-2)

Southern Strait of Georgia National Marine Conservation Area

proposed (15-5)

Southeastern Bering Sea Right Whale Critical Habitat

proposed (15-22)

15-15

Northeast Sakhalin Whale Zakaznikproposed for expansion (16-22)

Shantar Archipelago National Parkproposed (16-23)

Humboldt Penguin National Reserveproposed for expansion (17-4)

Chiloe National Parkproposed for expansion (17-5)

Machalilla National Parkproposed for expansion (17-14)

Peninsula Bayovar MPAproposed (17-21)

Ningaloo Marine Parkproposed for expansion (18-9)

Hervey Bay Marine Parkproposed for expansion (18-12)

Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuaryproposed (18-38)

The Capes Marine Parkproposed (18-44)

Banks Peninsula Marine Mammal Sanctuary

proposed (18-49)

Doubtful Sound Marine Sanctuaryproposed (18-51)

West Coast Marine Parkproposed (18-52)

18-45

18-37

18-23

18-50

18-18

18-19

18-20

Franz Josef Land Zakaznikproposed for national park (2-15)

Russian Arctic National Parkproposed (2-16)

Svalbard National Parkproposed (2-28)

Igaliqtuuq National Wildlife Areaand Biosphere Reserve, proposed (4-7)

St Helena Biosphere Reserve, proposed (8-45)

Maputo Bay-Inhaca Island MachangaloCandidate World Heritage Siteproposed for expansion (12-15)

Bonney Upwelling Blue WhaleFeeding critical habitat MPA

may be proposed (18-10)

8-42

Arctic Ring of LifeInternational MarineBiocultural Reserve

proposed

Beringia HeritageInternational Park

proposed

Barents SeaInternational Marine Park

proposed

Dogger Bank SACproposed

Celtic ShelfBreak MPAproposed

Spratly IslandsMarine Sanctuarymay be proposed

South Atlantic Sanctuaryproposed

South PacificWhale Sanctuary

proposed

Orca PassInternational MarineStewardship Area

proposed

13-A

8-A

7-A

1-1

7-A

Southern Ocean Sanctuary (Marine regions 1, 18)

Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape (17)

Indian Ocean Sanctuary (10, 11, 12, 13, 18)

Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals (3)Wadden Sea (Waddensee) Nature Reserve (5)

9-A Falkland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary9-1 to 9-15 Fifteen Argentine reserves and parks

9-18 Cabo Orange National Park9-19 to 9-21 Three Brazilian river dolphin reserves9-22 Atol das Rocas Biological Reserve9-23 Fernando de Noronha National Marine Park9-24 Abrolhos National Marine Park9-25 Shelf of the Northern Coast Environmental Protection Area9-26 Arraial do Cabo Sustainable Reserve9-27 to 9-31 Five Brazilian state marine parks and ecological stations9-32 Anhatomirim Environmental Protection Area9-33 Right Whale Environmental Protection Area

3-2 to 3-5 Two French parks and two marine reserves

3-57 Gökçeada Marine Reserve3-58 Sochinskiy National Nature Park

3-51 to 3-53 La Galite, Zembra and Zembretta, and Kneiss MPAs and SPAMIs

3-26 Al Hocemia National Park3-27 Cabo de Gata-Nijar Natural Park3-28 Marine and Land National Park of the Cabrera Archipelago

3-23 Dwejra Marine Conservation Area

3-9 to 3-16 Seven Italian MPAs and one national park

4-A Bermuda Whale Sanctuary4-1 Saguenay-St Lawrence Marine Park4-2 The Gully 'Marine Protected Area'4-3 to 4-4 Bay of Fundy and Roseway Basin right whale conservation areas4-5 Auyuittug National Park

4-12 Gerry E Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary4-13 to 4-14 Great South Channel and Cape Cod Bay Northern Right Whale critical habitat areas4-15 to 4-16 Cape Cod Bay and Cape Cod ocean sanctuaries4-17 Monitor National Marine Sanctuary

5-A Irish Whale and Dolphin Sanctuary5-B Madeiran 'Marine Mammal Sanctuary'5-1 to 5-16 Sixteen Azores ZECs

5-30 Ilhas Desertas Natural Reserve and ZEC

5-22 Shannon River Estuary SAC, nominated

6-5 Kurshskaya Kosa National Park

7-B Mexican Whale Refuge7-1 to 7-7 Seven Bahamian land and sea parks7-8 Port Honduras Marine Reserve7-9 Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System World Heritage Site7-10 Swallow Cay Wildlife Sanctuary

7-43 Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve7-44 Southeastern Right Whale Critical Habitat7-45 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary7-46 Fort Clinch State Park Aquatic Preserve7-47 Caño Guaritico Wildlife Refuge

7-37 St-Barthélemy MPA7-38 Montego Bay Marine Park7-39 Miskito Coast Protected Area7-40 Soufrière Marine Management Area7-41 Princess Alexandra Marine National Park

7-33 Soufrière/Scotts Head Marine Reserve7-34 Marine Mammal Sanctuary of the Dominican Republic

7-14 to 7-21 Eight Cuban PAs with marine components

7-12 Tortuguero National Park

8-B Tristan da Cunha Cetacean Sanctuary8-1 Chinijo Archipelago Natural Park8-2 Natural Marine Park of the Whales and Franja Marina Teno Rasca SAC8-3 to 8-12 Ten Canary Islands SACs

8-46 Inaccessible Island Nature Reserve8-47 Gough Island Wildlife Reserve

8-41 Castle Rock MPA

8-35 to 8-39 Five South African MPAs

8-15 to 8-17 Three Gambian national parks and reserves8-18 Konkoure Estuary MPA8-19 Banc d'Arguin National Park and Biosphere Reserve8-20 Dakhla National Park8-21 Saloum Delta National Park and Siné-Saloum Biosphere Reserve8-22 to 8-32 Eleven South African MPAs8-33 Walker Bay Whale Sanctuary

2-2 Northeast Greenland National Park2-3 Melville Bay Wildlife Sanctuary2-4 Breidafjördur MPA

2-18 to 2-27 Svalbard nature reserves and national parks

2-7 Great Arctic Zapovednik2-8 to 2-14 Six Russian Arctic zapovedniks and one national park

1-2 Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve1-3 Prince Edward Island Reserve1-4 Marion Island Reserve 10-3 National Chambal Sanctuary

10-4 Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary

10-7 Lampi Island Marine National Park

11-1 Daymaniyat Islands National Nature Reserve

11-4 Indus River, or Sind, Dolphin Reserve

12-A Seychelles Marine Mammal Sanctuary12-1 Mohéli Marine Park12-2 to 12-6 Five Kenyan marine national parks and reserves

12-18 to 12-30 Thirteen Tanzanian marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and conservation areas

12-12 to 12-13 Passe en S and Saziley reserves12-14 Bazaruto Archipelago National Park

12-8 Manannara North Biosphere Reserve12-9 Masoala National Park, including Itampolo, Masoala and Tanjona reserves

13-2 to 13-4 Bunaken, Wakatobi and Cendrawasih Bay marine national parks

13-24 to 13-33 Ten Philippine protected seascapes, marine and natural parks and sanctuaries

13-19 to 13-21 Three Malaysian marine parks

14-A American Samoa Whale and Turtle Sanctuary14-B Cook Islands Whale Sanctuary14-C Fiji Whale Sanctuary14-D French Polynesia Marine Mammal Sanctuary14-E New Caledonia Whale Sanctuary14-F Niue Whale Sanctuary14-G Papua New Guinea Whale Sanctuary14-H Samoa Whale, Turtle and Shark Sanctuary14-I Tongan Whale Sanctuary14-J Vanuatu Marine Mammal Sanctuary14-1 Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary14-2 National Park of American Samoa14-3 Rose Atoll National Wildlife Refuge

14-16 Ha'apai Marine Conservation Area14-17 Funufuti Conservation Area

14-12 to 14-13 Aleipata and Safata MPAs (Samoa)14-14 Marovo Lagoon World Heritage Area

14-8 to 14-9 Rock Islands and Ngeremendu Bay conservation areas (Palau)14-10 Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge

14-5 Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary14-6 Midway National Wildlife Refuge

15-A Mexican Whale Refuge15-1 Robson Bight/Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve

15-16 to 15-20 Five US national marine sanctuaries15-21 Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve

15-10 to 15-14 Four Mexican biosphere reserves and one national park

16-1 Lung Kwu Chau and Sha Chau Marine Park16-2 Xiamen Marine National Park and Conservation Areas16-3 Baiji Natural Reserve (and the Shishou and Tong Ling semi-natural reserves)

16-5 Seto-naikai National Park16-6 Finless Porpoise Gathering Area National Natural Monument16-7 to 16-21 Eleven Russian zapovedniks and four other national parks, refuges and sanctuaries

17-A Whale Natural Refuge (Refugio Natural de Ballenas)17-1 Francisco Coloane National Marine Park

17-15 to 17-18 Three Panamanian national parks and one wetland17-19 to 17-20 Two Peruvian national reserves

17-9 Cocos Island Marine and Terrestrial Conservation Area17-10 Ballena Marine National Park17-11 Galápagos Marine Resources Reserve and Galápagos Whale Sanctuary17-12 to 17-13 Two Ecuadorean reserves

17-6 to 17-7 Two Colombian national parks

18-A Australian Whale Sanctuary18-B New Zealand Marine Mammal Sanctuary18-1 Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and World Heritage Area18-2 to 18-8 Seven Australian commonwealth marine parks and nature reserves

18-46 Garig Gunak Barlu National Park (Cobourg Marine Park)18-47 Governor Island Marine Reserve18-48 Auckland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary and Marine Reserve

18-39 to 18-43 Five Western Australia marine parks

18-24 to 18-35 Eleven Victoria marine national parks and one sanctuary18-36 Great Australian Bight Marine National Park

18-21 Cape Byron Marine Park (including Byron Bay Sanctuary)18-22 Jervis Bay Marine Park

18-13 to 18-17 Five Queensland marine parks

18-11 Moreton Bay Marine Park

13-28

13-30

13-24

13-3213-33

13-27

13-3113-21

13-3

14-14

18-3

18-14

18-13

18-17

18-15

18-16

18-11

18-6

18-5

18-22

18-3118-29

18-25

18-24

18-47

18-27

18-3418-32

18-30

18-33

18-35

18-28

18-39

18-40

18-41

18-43

18-4

18-46

14-17

14-6

14-12

14-13

14-114-2 14-3

14-8

14-9

1-3

1-3

1-4

1-4

8-31

12-212-5

12-612-19

12-27

12-21

12-20

12-112-12

12-1312-9

12-8

12-26 & 12-3012-2912-28

12-22 to 12-25

12-3

12-4

8-30

8-298-27

8-288-24

8-26

8-25

8-23

8-33

8-32

8-47

8-46

8-41

8-35 to 8-39

1-2

1-2

3-23-33-43-15

3-10

3-13

3-51

3-52

3-53

3-12

3-23

3-5

3-9

3-57

3-16

3-28

3-26

3-27

6-5

2-4

2-20

2-22

2-24

2-25

16-516-6

16-2

2-23

2-21

2-27

2-26

2-19

2-18

5-15

5-95-10

5-165-85-15-75-3

4-3

4-144-164-13

4-17

7-43

7-447-46

7-4

7-1 7-5

7-27-7

7-417-3

7-407-33

7-37

7-6

7-167-15

7-38

7-9

7-107-8

7-39

7-12

17-17

17-1817-15

17-7

17-6

17-12

17-97-47

9-18

9-22

9-26

9-30

9-31

9-299-28

9-32

9-29-4

9-59-3

9-109-9

9-139-12

9-15

9-8

9-7

9-23

7-2115-12

15-11

7-18 7-17 7-14

7-20

7-19

4-15

4-4

5-25-6

5-55-45-11

5-14 5-135-12

5-308-18-4

8-28-7

8-38-8

8-108-9

8-12

8-21

8-15 to 8-16

8-18

8-68-11

8-5

8-20

Shannon River Estuary SAC (5-22)

Capo Carbonara MPA (3-11)Capo Rizzuto Island MPA (3-14)

Sochinskiy National Nature Park (3-58)

Banc d'Arguin National Parkand Biosphere Reserve (8-19)

Northeast Greenland National Park (2-2)

Melville Bay Wildlife Sanctuary (2-3)

Great Arctic Zapovednik (2-7)Gydanskiy Zapovednik (2-8)

Nenetskiy Zapovednik (2-10)

Saguenay-St Lawrence Marine Park (4-1)

The Gully 'Marine Protected Area' (4-2)

Gerry E Studds Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (4-12)

Marine Mammal Sanctuary of the Dominican Republic (7-34)

Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (7-45)

De Hoop MPA (8-22)

Lago Piratuba Biological Reserve (9-19)

Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (9-20)

Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve (9-21)

Abrolhos National Marine Park (9-24)

Laje de Santos State Marine Park (9-27)

Right Whale EnvironmentalProtection Area (9-33)

Península Valdés Nature Reserve (9-6)

Península San Julián and Bahía de San Julián Nature Reserve (9-11)

Costa Atlántica de Tierra del Fuego Nature Reserve (9-14)

National Chambal Sanctuary (10-3)

Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary (10-4)

Lampi Island Marine National Park (10-7)

Daymaniyat Islands National Nature Reserve (11-1)

Indus River Dolphin Reserve (11-4)

Bazaruto Archipelago National Park (12-14)

Menai Bay Conservation Area (12-18)

Bunaken Marine National Park (13-2)

Cendrawasih Bay Marine National Park (13-4)

Johore Marine Park (13-19)

Langkawi Island Marine Park (13-20)Tañon Strait

Protected Seascape (13-25)

Pamilacan Island Marine Mammal Sanctuary (13-26)

Calayan Island Protected Area (13-29)

Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (14-5)

Ha'apai Marine Conservation Area (14-16)

Robson Bight/Michael Bigg Ecological Reserve (15-1)

El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve (15-10)

Loreto Bay National Park (Parque Nacional Bahía de Loreto) (15-13)

Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve (15-14)

Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (15-16)

Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary (15-17)

Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary (15-18)

Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (15-19)

Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (15-20)

Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (15-21)

Lung Kwu Chau and Sha Chau Marine Park (16-1)

Baiji Natural Reserve (16-3)

Komandor Islands Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-8)

Kronotskiy Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-13)

Kurilskiy Zapovednik (16-15)

Lazovskiy Zapovednik (16-17)

Sikhote-Alinskiy Biosphere Reserve and Zapovednik (16-18)

Francisco Coloane National Marine Park (17-1)

Ballena Marine National Park (17-10)

Galápagos Marine Resources Reserve and Galápagos Whale Sanctuary (17-11)

Cuyabeno Faunistic Reserve (17-13)

Coiba National Park (17-16)

Paracas National Reserve (17-19)

Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve (17-20)

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-1)

Solitary Islands Marine Reserve and Marine Park (18-2)

Macquarie Island Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-8)

Cape Byron Marine Park (including Byron Bay Sanctuary) (18-21)

Great Australian Bight Marine National Park (18-36)

Shark Bay Marine Park and World Heritage Area (18-42)

Auckland Islands Marine Mammal Sanctuary and Marine Reserve (18-48)

Kandalakshskiy Zapovednik (2-9)

Shoynenskiy National Park (2-11)

Taymirskiy Zapovednik (2-12)

Ust'-Lenskiy Zapovednik (2-13)

Wrangel Island Zapovednik (2-14)

Koryakskiy Zapovednik (16-12)

South KamchatkaSanctuary (16-14)

Nalychevo Nature Park and Marine Nature Reserve (16-9)

Magadanskiy Zapovednik (16-19)

Dzhugdzhurskiy Zapovednik (16-11)

Maliy Kurils Zakaznik (16-16)

Poronayskiy Zapovednik (16-20) Botchinskiy Zapovednik (16-7)

Far Eastern Marine Zapovednik (16-10)

Vostok Gulf Marine National Park (16-21)

Auyuittug National Park (4-5)

Kiang West National Park (8-17)

Bahía Anegada Nature Reserve (9-1)

Shelf of the Northern CoastEnvironmental Protection Area (9-25)

Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge (14-10)

Tasmanian Seamounts Marine Reserve (18-7)

Cape Howe MarineNational Park (18-26)

Wadden Sea(Waddensee)

Nature Reserve

Pelagos Sanctuaryfor MediterraneanMarine Mammals

Indian OceanSanctuary

Southern Ocean Sanctuary

Eastern TropicalPacific Seascape

14-B

14-H

14-G

14-D

17-A

12-A

9-A

8-B

7-B

15-A

5-B

5-A

4-A

18-B

18-A

14-E

14-F14-I

14-J

14-C

14-A

NetherlandsAntilles (Neth)

1-2

4-A

Existing international sanctuary

Existing national sanctuary

Proposed MPA

Existing MPA

Proposed international sanctuary

Proposed national sanctuary

o0

o30o30

o30o45o60o75o90o105o120o135o150o165

o60

o45

o30

o15

o0

o15

o30

o45

o60

o75

o165 o150 o135 o120 o105 o90 o75 o60 o45 o30 o15 o0 o15 o30 o45 o60 o75 o90 o105 o120 o135 o150 o165 o180

o75

o60

o45

o30

o15

o0

o30

o45

o60

o180o165o150o135o120o105o90o75o60o45

o60

o90o90

o120 o120

o150o150

o180

humpback whale

Megaptera novaeangliae

gray whale

Eschrictius robustus

narwhal family

Monodon monoceros

blue whale

Balaenoptera musculus

orca

Orcinus orca

short-beaked common dolphin

Delphinus delphis

Atlantic white-sided dolphin

Lagenorhynchus acutus

bottlenose dolphin (inshore form)

Tursiops truncatus

harbor porpoise

Phocoena phocoena

pantropical spotted dolphin

Stenella attenuata

striped dolphin

Stenella coeruleoalba

Amazon River dolphin

Inia geoffrensis

Cuvier's beaked whale

Ziphius cavirostris

Risso's dolphin

Grampus griseus

finless porpoise

Neophocaena phocaenoides

bottlenose dolphin (offshore form)

Tursiops truncatus

short-finned pilot whale

Globicephala macrorhynchus

Dall's porpoise

Phocoenoides dalli

Commerson's dolphin

Cephalorhynchus commersonnii

Hector's dolphin

Cephalorhynchus hectori

Abbreviations and Acronyms

MPA = marine protected areaNMCA = national marine conservation area (Canada)NWR = national wildlife refuge (US)NMS = national marine sanctuary (US)PA = protected areaSAC = special area of conservationSPAMI = special area of Mediterranean InterestZEC = zona especial de conservação

This world map shows marine protected areas (MPAs) in 102 countries and overseas territories which protect the habitat of whales, dolphins and porpoises (cetaceans). Worldwide, across the 18 marine regions covering every ocean and sea, there are 358 MPAs with cetacean habitat, 41 of which are proposed for expansion, plus 176 newly proposed MPAs for a total of 534 proposed or existing MPAs with cetacean habitat (Hoyt 2004). In addition, there are five existing and nine proposed international sanctuaries and 19 existing and four proposed national sanctuaries which provide lesser degrees of cetacean habitat protection.

This map is based on and designed to accompany the book, Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises: A world handbook for cetacean habitat conservation, by Erich Hoyt. Published 2004 by Earthscan, London. [Hardcover ISBN: 1844070638; paperback ISBN:1844070646]

Base world map: Data supplied by MapInfo Ltd, all rights reservedMap design: Lesley FramptonText and research: Erich HoytCetacean illustrations: © 2003, 2004 Pieter Arend Folkens / A Higher Porpoise Design GroupBook cover photograph: Hal Sato, Far East Russia Orca Project (WDCS)The MPA boundaries and locations shown are based on the best possible information available, some of which is sometimes contradictory; in other cases, distortions have occurred due to the projection used, particularly in the Arctic.

This poster has its own website dedicated to the study and conservation of cetacean habitat. To order the book or additional copies of the poster, please go to www.cetaceanhabitat.org.

Funding and support provided by WDCS, the Whale and Dolphin Conservation SocietyBrookfield House38 St Paul StreetChippenham, Wiltshire SN15 1LJUnited Kingdomweb: www.wdcs.org

Creating and managing effective MPAs for cetaceans depends upon:

the identification and strict protection of substantial areas of cetacean critical habitat, the places where whales and dolphins hunt, feed, court, play, mate and reproduce;

the implementation of an overall ecosystem-based management approach to ensure that ecosystems will remain healthy and support cetaceans into the future;

the institution of MPA networks to link the protected habitats of cetaceans throughout a population and a species' range;

a generous use of the precautionary approach when choosing and designing MPAs;

a good management plan with periodic review developed in conjunction with all stakeholders, including researchers, MPA managers, community members, boat operators, visitors and others;

identification and effective control of all cetacean threats (pollution, marine traffic, fishing conflicts); legislation and enforcement may be necessary; and

a push to identify and protect high seas habitats for cetaceans through regional and international agreements.

Abbreviations and Acronyms

MPA = marine protected areaNMCA = national marine conservation area (Canada)NWR = national wildlife refuge (US)NMS = national marine sanctuary (US)PA = protected areaSAC = special area of conservationSPAMI = special area of Mediterranean InterestZEC = zona especial de conservação

International Sanctuaries

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Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises