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Planning for Smart Grid in TNB System
PECon2010 2010 IEEE Conference on Power and Energy
Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa
Mohd Yusof Rakob Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia
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Contents of presentation
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• Introduction • Electric power utility companies in Malaysia • Overview of demand – supply of TNB’s grid system • Overview of TNB’s grid system
• Identifying drivers for developing smart grid
• Features of TNB’s smart grid
• TNB’s smart grid implementation plan
• Future prospects and opportunities
“Powering The Nation”
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Electric power utility companies in Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia
Tenaga Nasional
Berhad (TNB)
Sarawak
Sarawak Energy Berhad
(SEB)
Sabah
Sabah Electricity
Sendirian Berhad
(SESB) (80% owned
by TNB)
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General profile of power utilities in Malaysia
TNB (P. Malaysia) SEB (Sarawak) SESB (Sabah)
• Operates in Peninsular Malaysia
• Total generation capacity is 21,051 MW (2010)
• Customer is 7,593,684 • Max demand:
15,072MW • Gen mix (2010):
– 54% gas – 40% coal – 5.2% hydro – 0.2% distillate
• Operates in Sarawak • Total generation
capacity: 1230 MW (2009)
• Customer is 499,618 • Max demand : 1036
MW • Gen mix (2009):
–53% gas – 34% coal –8% hydro –5% diesel
• Operates in Sabah • Total generation
capacity is 866.4 MW (2010)
• Customer is 413,983 • Max demand :760 MW • Gen mix (2009):
– 57% oil – 31% gas – 9% hydro – 3% biomass.
NOTE: Electricity supply industry in Malaysia is a fully regulated. TNB, SEB and SESB are vertically
integrated and operate along with independent power producers (IPPs).
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Overview Of TNB System - Trend of demand growth (2007 ~ 2010)
NOTE: PD denotes Peak Demand
5,500
6,500
7,500
8,500
9,500
10,500
11,500
12,500
13,500
14,500
15,500
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MW
Weekly Peak Demand & Trough (MW) - Week Ending 14/11/2010
2007 PD 2008 PD 2009 PD 2010 PD
2007 Trough 2008 Trough 2009 Trough 2010 Trough
2007 Peak Demand: 13,620MW
2008 Peak Demand: 14,007MW
2009 Peak Demand: 14,245MW
Peak Demand of 14,311MW
Jan MarFeb Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
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Overview Of TNB System - Electricity consumption by customer type (1990~2030)
1990 2000 2015 2025
Historical Forecast
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Overview Of TNB System - Trend of power generation mix (1976~2008)
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%1
97
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78
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80
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84
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90
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92
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00
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02
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04
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20
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Natural gas
Oil
Hydroelectricity Coal
Distillate
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Overview Of TNB System - Transmission power grid
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Kulim
Lumut
Kuala Berang
TemerlohBentong
Gua Musang
Kuala Lipis
Jerantut
Muadzam Shah
Mentakab
Kuala Pilah
Segamat
Mersing
Kluang
Kuah
Sg. Petani
Dungun
Taiping
Teluk Intan
Kuala Selangor
Kuala Kubu Baru
Banting
Gemas
Muar
Batu Pahat
Pontian Kechil
Seri Iskandar
Kampar
Melaka
Seremban
Georgetown
Kota Bharu
Kuala Terengganu
Ipoh
Kuantan
Shah Alam
Kangar
JOHOR
PAHANG
MELAKA
NEGERI SEMBILAN
SELANGOR
PERAK
KEDAH
PULAU PINANG
KELANTAN
TERENGGANU
PERLIS
WILAYAHPERSEKUTUAN
LANGKAWI
PAHLAWAN
PASIRGUDANG
BERSIA
KENERING
TEMENGOR
KENYIR
SG PIAH UPPER
SG PIAH LOWER
JOR
WOH
ODAK
CHENDEROH
PERGAU
N
Johor Bahru
SEGARIGB3
CONNAUGHT BRIDGE SERDANG
PORT KLANG
POWERTEK
PD POWER
GENTING SANYEN
TJPS
YTL
PAKA
YTL
Ayer Tawar
Batu GajahPapan
Kuala Kangsar
Bukit TambunJunjung
GurunBedong
Kota Setar
Chuping
Bukit Tarek
KL (N) KL (E)
Hicom G
KL (S)
SalakTinggi
Melaka
Kg Awah
Skudai
Telok Kalong
Tanah Merah
Yong Peng (N)
PENINSULAR MALAYSIAMAIN GRID
ButterworthBukit Tengah
GELUGOR
JANAMANJUNG
PERLISPOWER
PANGLIMA
Gelang Patah
Alor Setar
Paroi
Kelemak
TG BIN
Yong Peng (E)
PRAI POWER
JIMAH
275kV line
500kV energized 275kV
line
500kV line LEGEND
Main Transmission Grid 500kV / 275kV / 132kV of approximately
• 19,000 circuit-kilometers of overhead
transmission lines
• 780 circuit-kilometers of underground
transmission cables
• 385 transmission substations with
transformation capacity of 83,000 MVA
Cross - Border Interconnection • 300kV HVDC P. Malaysia - Thailand
(300MW)
• 132kV HVAC P. Malaysia - Thailand
(80MW)
• 275kV HVAC link P. Malaysia - Singapore
(450MW)
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TNB’s main concerns on planning
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• Electricity demand growth continues – 3.5% for next 10 years – 2.7% for next 20 years
• The local natural gas resources as “clean” fuel is depleting
• It will be replaced by coal, until nuclear option is available in post 2020
• There are serious concerns on CO2 emission, increasing dependency on fossil sources and lack of RE, EE & DSM and increasing consumer expectations
• There is urgent need to increase operational efficiency i.e. there is need to increase utilisation of transmission and distribution assets and to reduce system losses
Opens opportunity for harnessing the benefits of smart grid
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Drivers for developing TNB’s smart grid
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Global trends • Development of smart grid is driven by 4 factors :
Ageing infrastructure (generation, transmission & distribution systems) Energy crisis (energy security & costs) Financial crisis (grid reinforcement becomes unaffordable) Environmental crisis (green house gaseous)
• They occur simultaneously
TNB’s case; TNB’s long term strategic plans • TNB’s 25 years Electricity Technology Roadmap (TRM) , with a purpose of
modernising electricity supply industry in Malaysia • TRM focuses on 4 main goals:
Reliable and efficient delivery system Intelligent power-delivery systems Value-added electricity products and services Enhanced environmental management
• The actions to go ahead is now
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TNB Technology Roadmap (TRM) 1
• Overview of 25-year Electricity TRM for the electricity supply industry (2004 – 2030)
• 4 themes in the TNB Electricity TRM
•Reliable and efficient delivery system
•Intelligent power-delivery systems
•Value-added electricity products and services
•Enhanced environmental management
TRM sets TNB’s journey towards smart grid
TNB TRM sets up the foundations and goals for near and long terms
Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2007
TNB Technology Roadmap 2
• Technology options derived from TRM 1
• Detail out action plan of chosen technology options
• 6 technologies identified: • Improve combustion
efficiency • RBI • IEC 61850 • WAIS • DNIM • CRM
TNB Research Technology Roadmap
• Align TNB 20 years Strategic Plan and TNB TRM
• 1st Destination (2006-2010) - 18 research programs have been created to ensure long term and progressive effort to improve the TNB power delivery system and 11 Niche Technical Services will spearhead the company towards business expansion
• 2nd Destination (2011-2015) – 4 Advanced Research Program and 2 Specialised Technical Services have been identified
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TNB’s TRM destinations
2004:
start
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2020: Smart & Intelligent Electricity Delivery Management
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2030: Breakthrough Energy Conversion Technologies & Sustainable Development
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2015: Robust & Resilient Power Delivery System 2
2015: Enhanced Electricity Products & Services
2010: Efficient Electricity Production & Delivery
2010: Reliable Electricity Supply
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Progress of foundation work so far
TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION
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Conceptualising TNB’s smart grid
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Economic/ Financial perspective
Customer perspective
Internal perspective
Learning & growth perspective
Long term stakeholder value
Higher energy efficiency
Lower CO2 emission
Infrastructure & resource strategy
Environment strategy
Human capital Information
capital Organisation
capital
Technology enabler • DMS and distribution
automation • AMI • New resources (RE, EE,
Co-gen, DER, PHEV) • Active grid • Test projects
Customer Management • Customer information • Customer engagement • Customer participation • Commercial
frameworks
Regulations, Standards and Societal commitments • Shared vision • Support • Collaboration
Higher supply reliability
Environmental sustainability
Energy security Higher asset
efficiency
Enable customer’s choice
TNB Customer Government & Regulator
Research & technology providers
Research area • Control
architecture • ICT
infrastructure • “Prosumer”
interface • Active grid
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TNB’s smart grid objectives
Objectives Initiatives
Improving operational efficiency (i.e. higher supply reliability)
• Distribution management system
• On-line condition monitoring
• Distribution automation
• Field Force Automation
• Geographical information system
• Customer information system
• Customer management system
Improving energy and asset efficiency
Empowering customers • Advance metering infrastructure
• Interface with building energy management system
Reduce CO2 emission • Promote RE, EE, Co-gen, DER
• Facilitate to enable connection of RE, EE, Co-gen, DER
• Dynamic voltage/VAR control
Support use of PHEV • Facilitate charging of PHEV
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TNB’s smart grid project
• TNB Smart Grid was embarked on November 2009.
• TNB has decided to implement Smart Grid Test Systems as demonstration projects.
• Three sites have been identified for Smart Grid Test Systems :
– Bayan Lepas (North); represents industrial area
– Bukit Bintang (Central); represents commercial centre
– Medini (South); represents green field area
• To drive the implementation of the Smart grid Test Systems, the TNB Smart Grid Steering Committee was formed
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Smart Grid Steering Committee
Chairman
(Chief Operating Officer)
Research Transmission Distribution Corporate ICT
Secretariat
(System Planning)
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Terms of reference (TOR)
– Definition and Purpose of smart grid for TNB
– Functions of SGSC
– Roles of SGSC
– Membership of SGSC - G,T,D, Research, ICT & Planning
– Quorum requirement
– Agenda Items
– Minutes of Meeting
– Frequency of Meeting
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Smart Grid Steering Committee
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TNB Smart Grid Development Phases
Phase 1 (2010-2011) • Improving operational efficiency via automation
Phase 2 (2011-2013) • Empowering Customers • Improving Energy & Network Efficiency
Phase 3 (2011-2015)
• Reducing CO2 via Renewable Energy
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Smart grid implementation initiatives
Improve Reliability
• Implementation of DA at pilot Sites
• Deployment of DMS modules • Fault Location, Isolation
& Restoration (FLIR)
• State Estimator
• Auto Contingency Analysis
• Auto Feeder Reconfiguration (AFR)
• Development of Integrated Customer Information System • Integration of the
various information systems e.g. CIBS, ERMS, CGIS, MFFA
Improve Energy Efficiency
• Development of VAR Control • Hardware+Software
• Demand Side Management • Provide live information
to customers
• Autonomous Demand Control
• Increase T&D asset utilization
Increase Customers Participation
•Deployment of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) • Bidirectional exchange
of usage information
• Improve billing Accuracy & Efficiency
• Improve New Connection Process
Reduce CO2
•Solar PV • BIPV
•Energy Storage • Batteries
•Electric Cars (PHEV)
•Charging stations
•Solar / LED Street Lightings
Phase 1 (2010-2011) Phase 2 (2011-2013) Phase 3 (2011-2015)
Advanced ICT Infrastructure
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Phase 1 TNB smart grid test system: Improving reliability of supply via automation
No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid
1 Power is generated at large power stations and transmitted and distributed via T & D systems
Yes Yes
2 Method of locating fault Manual Automatic
3 Method of isolation and sectionalizing of faulty section
Manual Automatic
4 Method of feeder reconfiguration for optimal operation
Manual (not optimized)
Automatic
5 Method of restoration of supply after fault is sectionalized
Manual Automatic
6 Method of mobilization of field or repair crew
Manual Automatic
7 Update database for management and customer information systems
Manual Automatic
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Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Empowering Customers
No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid
1 Customer is aware of own energy consumption in real time
No Yes
2 Customer has information for making decisions on changing their demand pattern (via BEMS) & gain benefits
Limited Yes
3 Customers have the capability to export power from RE sources back into the grid (on agreed terms)
No Yes
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Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Improve Energy & Network Efficiency
No Features Current Grid Smart Grid
1 TNB is ready for demand side management
No Yes
2 Automatic voltage and MVAR control and to reduce distribution system losses
No Yes
3 Utility can communicate with customers energy management system on controling customers demand pattern
No Yes
4 Higher utilization of T & D assets No Yes
5 Peak load reduction and interruptible load could be operated smoothly
No Yes
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Phase 3 TNB smart grid test system: Reducing CO2 emission via renewable energy,
energy efficiency, co-gen, DER, etc No Features Current Grid Smart Grid
1 Network is ready for penetration of renewable energy sources (solar PV), co-gen, DER, etc
No Yes
2 Network is capable to cater for bi-directional power flow
No Yes
3 Excess power generated via RE, BIPV, etc is fully taken & utilized via the grid
No Yes
4 Network is capable of meeting demand of electric cars (PHEV)
No Yes
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Phase 1 Implementation
• Six (6) activities / areas have been identified to kick start the phase 1 of Smart Grid Test Systems
Planning Studies
DMS/DA project
AMI Project
Communication project
System Integration
Online Condition Monitoring
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Terms of Reference Activity 1: Planning studies
Activities Establishing the distribution network for smart grid implementation
Purposes • To assess readiness of the network
• To identify components which need to be upgraded
Tasks 1. To compile and draw diagram to detail out connectivity of 33kV
and 11kV distribution systems related to the designated smart
grid area up to the immediate transmission PMUs, year by year,
from 2011 to 2015.
2. To evaluate readiness of the network by using power flow,
contingency and short circuit analyses method on the related
smart grid area
3. To identify the components in the network which need to be
upgraded for implementing distribution automation
Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and
recommendations
To complete
by 30 December 2010
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Terms of Reference Activity 2: DMS/DA Project
Activities Implementation of Distribution Automation and Distribution Management System
Purposes • Enable automatic detection, isolation and restoration of supply following a fault.
• Enable network optimization via load-flow and contingency analysis
• Enable fast response time
Tasks 1. To complete the installation and commissioning of SCADA / DA facilities for the
selected substations in the pilot sites.
2. To evaluate and implement the most effective communication technology for the
SCADA in collaboration with ICT.
3. To roll out and integrate DMS applications with existing SCADA such as (but not
limited to) :
• Fault location, isolation and restoration of supply
• Balanced load flow
• Contingency analysis
• State estimator
• Automatic feeder reconfiguration
Deliverables 1. A fully functional Distribution Automation system for the pilot sites.
2. Progress and Completion reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting issues and
recommendations
To complete
by
31 June 2011
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Terms of Reference Activity 3: Advanced Metering Infrastructures
Activities Progressive migration from RMR feature to AMI-like capability
Purposes • Enable irregularity and tempering detection
• Perform remote disconnection/re-connection
• Facilitate LV outage management
• Provide customers with consumption information for demand
response
Tasks 1. To achieve 100% RMR reading capability for the existing
HT/MV/LV LPC installation
2. To roll out RMR for OPC for selected areas
3. To enable GPRS communication modem for HT/MV/LV LPC
RMR and RF/PLC for OPC RMR
4. To identify features for AMI that achieve the objectives above
5. To migrate from RMR to AMI and enabling the Smartgrid
features
Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 highlighting findings and
recommendations
To complete
by
30 December 2012
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Terms of Reference Activity 5 : IT System Integration
Activities Integrating the existing system (CGIS, E-CIBS, CMC, MFFA etc)
for smart grid implementation
Purposes • Enable data extraction/ mining from the existing systems to be
used for relaying information to various parties eg control
center, repair crews, customers etc
Tasks 1. To identify the features of existing system which will
facilitate/compliment the implementation of smart grid
2. To evaluate readiness of existing systems to be integrated, with
regard to the hardware and software and identify and propose
method of system integration and associated cost estimates.
3. To implement integration of information system and assess the
effectiveness.
Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and
recommendations
To complete
by 31 June 2011
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Terms of Reference Activity 6: Online Condition Monitoring
Activities Online condition monitoring of primary equipment for smart grid
implementation
Purposes • To evaluate the effectiveness of on-line condition monitoring
techniques and tools in smart grid implementation
Tasks 1. To identify primary equipments which need to be monitored
within the boundary of the pilot site
2. To identify and implement suitable on-line condition monitoring
techniques
3. To assess the effectiveness of the implemented on-line
condition monitoring tools
Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and
recommendations
To complete
by 30 June 2012
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Prospects for smart partnerships / research opportunities (a non-exhaustive list)
• Control architecture – To evaluate centralised versus de-centralised architecture considering a
nation wide smart grid applications. • ICT infrastructure
– To identify and evaluate options for the last mile communication and information system and recommend suitable option for smart grid applications.
• “Prosumer” interface – To identify suitable information, communication and control products
and services to enable consumers with greater information and control to play a part in optimising the operation of the grid system nationwide.
• Active grid – To enable interactivity and coordination between the various level of
grid control (National Control Centre, Distribution Control Centre, Substation Control Centre, Feeder Control and Prosumer).
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Conclusions
• Growing demand and limited resources while maintaining to be environment friendly impose severe pressure to TNB in its planning. Smart grid is an option towards a workable solution
• TNB has decided to embark on implementation of smart grid test system projects. It will be carried out in 3 phases (2010~2013) at 3 sites; Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur, Bayan Lepas in Penang and Medini in Johor.
• TNB desires to gain valuable experience from the smart grid test systems so as to lead to successful implementation of smart grid in other parts of TNB power grid system.
• Research are required for some applications in order to ensure only the right technology is deployed for the purpose.
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“Powering The Nation”
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Thank you
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DISCLAIMER All information contained herein is meant strictly for the use of this presentation only and should not be used or relied on by any party for any other purpose and without the prior written approval of TNB. The information contained herein is the property of TNB and it is privileged and confidential in nature. TNB has the sole copyright to such information and you are prohibited from disseminating, distributing, copying, re-producing, using and/or disclosing this information.
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