OPENING TASK:OPENING TASK:
Take out notebook and pen or pencil Take out notebook and pen or pencil Answer the followingAnswer the following Describe the main advantages of a in-Describe the main advantages of a in-
line five cylinder engine.line five cylinder engine. Explain which engine would take up Explain which engine would take up
less space in a engine compartment, less space in a engine compartment, in-line 5 or a V6.in-line 5 or a V6.
Aim: what are parts of a Aim: what are parts of a piston?piston?
INSTRUCTIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES: Students : Students
Will Be Able To Will Be Able To (SWBAT):(SWBAT):
Name all parts of a piston Name all parts of a piston Explain cam-ground piston Explain cam-ground piston Explain the reason there are two Explain the reason there are two
compression rings. compression rings.
Aluminum piston for lightweight and strength.
Piston Construction
Skirt - below pin hole.
Connecting rod to crankshaft.
Rapid changes of speedand direction.
Pin connects piston toconnecting rod.
Compression height
Skirt
Cylinder
Connectingrod
Pinhole
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1
A) The side
B) The compression height
C) The skirt
D) The connecting Rod
What is the part of the piston below the pin called?
Question
Top of piston is hottest.
Piston Shape
Piston tapers to top.
Cam-ground piston, oval for expansion.
Expands acrossminor diameter.
300-350ºF
300-450ºF
600-700ºF
Minordiameter Next >
2
The top of a piston will be slightly oval in shape when cold. Is this true or false?
Answer True or False.
Question
Piston Rings
Compression rings preventpressure leakage.
Two compression rings.
One oil ring.
Ring gap to allow expansion.
Expand when hot.
Angle joint
Step joint
Butt joint
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Oil Ring
Wipes oil off cylinder wall.
Holes in piston under oil ring.
Returns oil to crankcase.
Piston pin hole below oil ring.
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Connecting Rod Construction
Connecting rod has a small end and a big end.
Big end has bearing inserts.
Small end may have a bushingfor the piston pin.
There may be an oil hole inthe small end.
Each rod and cap must benumbered for identification.
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Piston Assembly
Oil ring
Piston
Connecting rod Bushing
Compression rings
Snap ring
Piston pin
Bearing shells
CapNext >
4
A) Bushing
B) Snap ring
C) Connecting rod
D) Piston ring
What connects the piston to the crankshaft?
Question
summarysummary
What are the Main parts of the piston?What are the Main parts of the piston?
Why is the top of the piston slightly Why is the top of the piston slightly oval when cold?oval when cold?
How is the piston connected to the How is the piston connected to the crankshaft?crankshaft?
6
A) Oil
B) Water
C) Piston pins
D) Counterweights
Which of the following are added to reduce vibration in a crankshaft?
Question
7
A) Crankpin
B) Counterpin
C) Oil pressure
D) Counterweight
What is another name for the journal of a crankshaft?
Question
Oil Holes and Grooves
The crankshaft rotates in the bearing shells between the cylinder block and the caps.
Grooves and holes areincluded to allow oil circulation.
Cylinder block
Bearing cap Next >
8
A) To allow air to circulate
B) To allow for expansion
C) To help relieve stress
D) To allow oil to circulate
Bearings have holes and grooves in them. Why is this?
Question
Thrust Bearings and Washers
Prevents lateral movement of the crankshaft.
May be thrust flanges on main bearings, or separate washers.
Main bearing and connecting rod (big end) bearing shown.
Bearing cap
CrankshaftBearing
Thrust washer
Main bearing
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Seal keeps the oil in, and dust and dirt out.
Oil Seals
Recess in cap locates neoprene seals.
Main bearingseal
Oil groove
Oil seal recess Next >
Body
Inner seal lip
Spring Outer seal lip
9
Main bearing oil seals are usually made of silicone. Is this true or false?
Answer True or False.
Question
Shafts are chain or belt driven from crankshaft.
Balancer Shafts
Reduce vibration forces and therefore engine noise.
Oil pressure is fed to bearings.
Guide
Drive chain
Balancer shafts
Bearing
housing
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10
A) To prevent the engine from running too fast
B) To keep the piston moving when the engine cuts out
C) To enable better starting and stopping
D) To reduce vibration and noise
What is the purpose of Balancer Shafts?
Question
Summary
Pistons and Pins
Crankshafts and Bearings
Oil Seals and Balance Shafts
You should now be aware of:
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Connecting Rods