Agenda Bell Work
• Bill Nye: Atoms
• Notes: Periodic Table
HW: Chp 18 pg 308-313, 317-318
Chp 17-18 “Quest” Tuesday
• Pick up Crossword Puzzle from front desk
• Complete using periodic table
Periodic TablePeriodic Table
January 2, 2013January 2, 2013
ObjectivesObjectives
1.1. Describe the structure of the Describe the structure of the periodic tableperiodic table
2.2. Distinguish between metal, Distinguish between metal, nonmetal, metalloidnonmetal, metalloid
3.3. Identify and describe properties of Identify and describe properties of halogens, noble gaseshalogens, noble gases
Organization of the TableOrganization of the Table
Tells about the elements Tells about the elements structures, and how they behavestructures, and how they behave
Grouped as metals, nonmetals, Grouped as metals, nonmetals, and metalloidsand metalloids
MetalsMetals
shiny, opaque, shiny, opaque, and good and good conductors of conductors of electricity and electricity and heatheat
MalleableMalleable – – Hammered or Hammered or bent into different bent into different shapes without shapes without breakingbreaking
Ductile – can be drawn into wiresDuctile – can be drawn into wires
Most metals are solids at room Most metals are solids at room temperature except; Hg, Ga, Cs, temperature except; Hg, Ga, Cs, FrFr– MercuryMercury– GalliumGallium– CesiumCesium– FranciumFrancium
NonmetalsNonmetals
Poor conductors of electricity Poor conductors of electricity and heatand heat
May be transparentMay be transparent
Brittle and shatter when Brittle and shatter when hammeredhammered
Solid, CSolid, C
Liquid, BrLiquid, Br
Gaseous, HeGaseous, He
MetalloidsMetalloids
Six elementsSix elements B, Si, Ge, As, Te, SbB, Si, Ge, As, Te, Sb Found between Found between
metals and metals and nonmetalsnonmetals
Both metallic and nonmetallic Both metallic and nonmetallic propertiesproperties
Weak conductors of electricityWeak conductors of electricity
Used for electronic equipment, Used for electronic equipment, rocket fuel, detergents, optical rocket fuel, detergents, optical equipmentequipment
Organization of the TableOrganization of the Table
Periods – horizontal rowPeriods – horizontal row Group(family) – vertical columnGroup(family) – vertical column
7 periods7 periods 18 groups18 groups
Periodic TrendPeriodic Trend
Gradual change of atoms across Gradual change of atoms across any periodany period
Ex. Atomic size gets smaller from Ex. Atomic size gets smaller from left to rightleft to right
Each period represents a full Each period represents a full cycle - periodicitycycle - periodicity
What trends do your melting points, What trends do your melting points, and densities show?and densities show?
GroupsGroups
Properties tend to be similar Properties tend to be similar
Electrons lost or gained give Electrons lost or gained give these propertiesthese properties
Group 1 – AlkalineGroup 1 – Alkaline
– found ashes mixed in water found ashes mixed in water produce a slippery solutionproduce a slippery solution
– Arabic for al-qali – ashesArabic for al-qali – ashes
– Used for soapsUsed for soaps
Brainaic Alkaline Metals
Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Group 2 - Alkaline Earth MetalsMetals
– Form basic (alkaline) solutions Form basic (alkaline) solutions when mixed with waterwhen mixed with water
– Do not melt or change in fire – Do not melt or change in fire – known to alchemists as “earth”known to alchemists as “earth”
Group 16 – ChalogensGroup 16 – Chalogens
– ““ore-forming” – sulfur and Polonium ore-forming” – sulfur and Polonium are commonly found in oresare commonly found in ores
Group 17 – HalogensGroup 17 – Halogens
– ““salt-forming” – forms various saltssalt-forming” – forms various salts– Halogen lamps – iodine and Halogen lamps – iodine and
brominebromine– Comparing Halogens
Group 18 – Noble gasesGroup 18 – Noble gases
– Unreactive, tend not to combine Unreactive, tend not to combine with other elementswith other elements
– Noble Gas Balloons
Group 3 through 12 – Group 3 through 12 – Transition MetalsTransition Metals
– Harder than alkaline metals, Harder than alkaline metals, Less reactive with waterLess reactive with water
– Named for their central Named for their central positionposition
Inner transition MetalsInner transition Metals
Sixth Period – LanthanidesSixth Period – Lanthanides
– Found mixed together in the same Found mixed together in the same locationslocations
– Difficult to purifyDifficult to purify
Seventh Period – ActinidesSeventh Period – Actinides
– Heavier than Uranium are synthesized in a Heavier than Uranium are synthesized in a laboratorylaboratory
With the periodic table as your guide, With the periodic table as your guide, describe Se. Use as many of this describe Se. Use as many of this chapter’s key terms as you canchapter’s key terms as you can