Transcript
Page 1: Peace Corps Kanouri - Live Lingua Corps Kanuri.pdf · e of the-Peace Corps Velunteers ar.i introduction to this language,-It . became evident that a seriee of lessens would'have.were

Kanouri

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oriel is not, nor is

Uri language. Rather

to bep a, lin

ri a of riessons crea

need whicti arose during the Niger-Chad Peace Corps training

ted during the thelve weak training period in the surmnee 1066

etiSen rrancieco State College.

.Sinco there worb no written lessons in Kanouri and since it was necessary

e of the-Peace Corps Velunteers ar.i introduction to this language,-It

became evident that a seriee of lessens would'have

.were created, in,many.instancas, only the before-

room by the native te, A

be prepared. Moue, lessons

hey were Used ie the cla_

bilingual Pkvinch 'peakers -it was-necessary

to do translations in French. Furthermore, the Kanouri text was sat.down-using-,,0,

Ftench spoiling conventions to indicate the various language sounds for the.

:gonvenience of the teachers who wore trying to imterpratthese graphemic symbol6

employed to expresapheir language. With the exception_of tha shwah (D), only,

the conventional alphabet wife used. Nhen the shwah was Utilized it Inth cteJ

the same,phoneme thEft would be found in ench Pronounciatien0

This series

Tativespe

:pli*onouecia

nopretenue at being a self-inshmeti n

sobligato,ry to instruct .he udent in tile aubtletes

rh.yEhm snd tone of the Kanouri language.

Some of the ips ohs have. used the Peace Corp/it D'ara,..s Basic Course raa

as a guida. The informants were Chetita Krilama and Mal klousson Baluwua1 tiho

along with Arifa Tidjani and Mamadou Karassi, were also instructors in Kanouri

during.the Project

George Raulin1966

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Comment t'appelles _u?_hatia your, name?'

Jm'appa1le Mal Rousse.my name is flla1 Reussa:

tOMment eFaPpeIle-tnitl/elle?What's hi hei,heme2

_-60Ment vuo appelez=4Ous-_What's yoUr name?

Comment nous appelOns-nous?What's- our name!?

s'appalla Abdou.His name is Abdu,

BonjourHello

BonjourHello

undoU tchounoum?

Tolle ni_ MaL M ussa.

Oundou tchoun'djou?

Oundou 7-houn d 7

--Oundou tahobb do7

Comment va-hew are*you?

,10. Comment alloz7voua? anda watun"do?HOw ore you?

Bonweet lue

1r6s OitrtVery wj1

kadji

Claws -1

13. Je vale bian. Cla a sa1ai.fine.

Ntus ellons bisn. Clewan'd' salWe"r9.-fins.

15. Aller-to go

i6 MarchdMarket

J.w.

58 OUOU

17. Jo vais eu m .P6sOu u Is iI'm goimg to the mark .

arida Amxn18.. commentHaw iS Amine?

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.4

ost-ilWhere did he go?

- Mar lap

-0 'anioonhouse

,

-A

21, U es!. a la mnispo. Fa a fJddo WOW; 'to the. house.

22 01!) 'ttas -VOUS allils?-%lhore.did you-go?

.A21.! Villagevil hgo

rjous1 somMoa a115 au.go.

" o went to go

iJnrè 16eou

a

a

eyd.

Almaci Yaku.ba, comint aAnde N na ubvomt-ils?

aro Mam-n and Yokube

27. ILsitont bion,Thor° ro wolh

28. Oe sontils allns? Nar!!!hays did they 'go? 4

Champ , koufield .

r on. dja.

eet.a?

0Us a11r nu ctinp . loiJ1o,1odJand .Th y wrnt

flurcj ntu t venu? c'Etwi ft

22hen did you come?

vnnu .ar. 81k irii1jk.oama yosto dayr

Fat0-,. est- 1ln ve uo? Fau,

Has Fatu civo?

34. Qui .

.yos3 Ara-i,31

n".)

Qui, cal_ as, voYos, she CflO

Cipand Iota v vPnu uWhonAd d u conla?

Mows 31TOS vanus hior. Dikaocb ye3turdoy.

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,7 r3 all4 au rnarch e hier? Bika as ouou ounbaa

.1)541 yOu go to the alarket

YePtor445r?

on

9 on, je no suie pas, 114 ?nan bfka lokni..

-hier.NO i. 1. didn t -go yesterday.

0 A- bion\tZt , Sal tousnia.e you later.

Pronomm (suj

andi noua:nandl vous- _u

i A 6116. ho she tandi ila lles they

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dieI

Qubpd a5.tu venu?Cluterd-la 4vour-Venus7-Qtand es eile' vonu?

, Quand'efirt-t-1.19 veOus

.Quand es-.Guend Stes-vo

mind 35t-11nd sent-A1

nuts vow.; hus sommes .vpn hlie est vonui,h

hont. venCie iesr.

,E11.119 OW hiNous ,sorruntS,(s3k1 os h br.l/elle Wet. 011.6 hi r.ls sont all4s'hier

iqo phol 9

Saw_ Jcodrn?'Seta kidO7--,.!Saud. ,issi7'

t.Catu;.- issol7J4awt IonsmI2-wl

awi lodJilawl lodJel?

kadi :o.Bike kedid.

Bike kadirs.

Jo no puis pas v nNous ne sorrimos pa venus,Wler.11/elle n',Sst pa venuxhier.Il ns no t pas anus hior.

_

.B110Bika

. 13ika

aica.rc7,6ne.

odJana...'

Jana.-

BikoElika issiy6nnde..

Bike isseni.

,ne sUis pap llc hist...,*pus nO sommo.,-pqs alls h

/elle n'ost pas.a1,16ha no sant pas silos hiar.-

Qui, Jasuis venu hieOui, 47eu sown's Venus hier.Oui SA ells eSt venu hier.Oui sant venus

0.3

je:euiS. tier. .

.Oui nOUD EIMMQ =L1OS flier.eet ali6

Oui 0116 -6-r..

ain.,)+rm

-

Bike ,lekani.Bika-Xenaionnde.91ka- ledJank..ika ledJoni.

no hike ksdiko.n, bike teaditi..

_np bika.kado .bike kedire.

bike lakebike leni

P,9p n., bike led-jahike- kedJana

na

Awl' Jo ne auls pea vaiu hier.' aron -bike ni.Non, nous nu sown s pas vertu* znan, .bikr issiyndL

-hie;Hon, I_ In n'eot pas venu hinr. anon, bikeriseani.Non, ±15 no sonl. pas venue hier. rin, bijge tosan

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Non Jo -na su 0 pas aNon, nous,no sommos. pasNOO, il/olle n'ust-posNon, ils no sent-11as all

hier.hiar

?non ek2ni...nidnhO6.

a-npnt

Professbur

Sow'. -Abdou'issi(vi amen-

Bakeriledj1lathYakuba

orcic do Substitu

BikA.Abdou _

MoMon..Aminn-lodjanh.-Bekaa,

issani-fekbba-:10-djaoiAbdob

_AbdOUjedjnaa7.-MamomAMina'issanaa-Bokeri

'Fatu:,Yakuba .

ItUdinnt,

-SOm .-Abdou'iss!.?'Saul 1A4up-issi7.5awiSawtgekari ledji?Satut..ratUl.lodji?Saul -Yekuba. lodji?

Bika Abduu iss7,rea.-BS,ka ff1r:101.

0-5.ka'Api,nb ica a8SJca*A15.na Lcdjna.,Bike Onkarl. 1odJiia ..0j.ka ,Ftu ind napBJ..ko.FatuBf.ka YnkObtaBf.ko yekubalOdjoniBika Abdmu

,AbcMnman 1edjDnac?.imina edpnan?.Amina iss-Dnaa?'Rakni issmaa, -Fntu 105znee?

) Yokdbo_issznbz7

p a n'Martian

Aminoled.Bokari

ka Abd u asanav

N

bika Abdnn, bika Namzn isina .-n, bika Amineng bike Amine ladjPnel.

in-Ake Oakari lednnn.

n, bike' BFaLti.

Yekuba

Bikp AbdouMemanlodpnoaBakari

Bnkp i

20!DM, bikn F.7-41:ktu

bika Fatu indj(3,nip;Inan, bike Yakube 1dJru

Abbou IssDnod?-.Bike MaMarrise;Ihnea?..Bike Maman ledjwmo?BikeyBakori ledj-xine?

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:r61tient

issakiisaa,issl

V FtPE

kO von -to Com

viea A )

.Y1 -4 Ra4 _bide

siwaitio

s tr;.wai,m'is awawoi a awawb

/'Pass pracia. Passe .

_kadiko Jo euis vonu iokana, - ouie venum . ? 17 0 3 a.

kadiókadicukadira

0Passe me_

sikOniissmi \issaniisslynndoaqani

Jigs2na

issienaisliseua

sana

nesutB pas VOTAU

'1iotez: sawi C quand) pp nd tou ours _e tompraont du___,c verbp.

s i .,.

xample: Quand -s on t.-il venus? Sawi is sal.Abd9u, quand es t-13. Sawi Abdou ivenu?

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4.(

PreSen,

ki jnpnF3i.jOVaiL kipawa- pars pas.onami- nambse- ais pot 0odji led WOW°

njI 1nio...lenWai Innecimmo.1,34jel ladjalwawa

.0 p

lon;ke 164ka.14h-anto.- -161mled a- 166Pa..

up outra Vd.be44e;yer,1660u166t6

lemmaludjoes

ibkant ja no suis pus purtiInnamiiirdjnj

/ni6nnik;

djani

Futuro: bari

Tha,

4, present. Examplat'bari

baripresant n6g; 'Example Aia le itubwone Partiroi-pas

-Twineratif

lens par-QI. v s'lends pirtonst uilDn3t

Lerma. partez1 ç allezt.leajo partiAladja qp11 par-tent!

eawi CQucndrrnd toujou_r temp p osanIeExample: Quand rates...v u alliSs Saari _on

rba .

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-Lion

Borijour pen-Hello.

.Com ont vous aprielm-vous?f:!7-

aJeapUnane ,.

My nmals Hcn':ar1Q.

u irb:Ues-vons?Where do yottliveL

bito 1riaey.o in Blarney.

r. . ,

tro metier!vow?profession?

do ou do?-

con jJ

-Oundou

,Tcbouni 1Iathe.

Niran* bin 'inourn?

Miavey.

kida nm, .Aricljni?

B: jesr-s med4ein. u lokIlm.a doctor.

Bon! Noli, e_suis_6tndiaht. 11/g1e! 1 cCoOd! I'm a Student.

Trf)s_ bion. Quels ccura uivez- Djacuro n/gla. A ivoila(

Very good. What courses are youthkirg?

Je.sui los cours d,an 1-'- En ki,I3m LtudvIng

pa --ur. t,a3 bien

That'S very good.

Je mus.) 6 deveni:odlonglais.'2:0m thLnkflaig of bee

Englistrtencher.,

Voila! C4_est un bonBonnc-chanco!.Goed! 'That _good profes-iGood'luck!

Djaouro

rofesseur

.Ang an

Thamk you, tir.

Aalam lok(Snglicit

Kithi niglama. Alla sa

Ousscnm, honcho.

* Nara (eu) oxisto dans ce cas)ans verbe. C ajoute "n".-_-RaFa ()here) im used (in this Case with= vrb , Ann."n"-,

1.1

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Jo suio un ,peu -piesse., Il n k a.rs ut- Vous, laldser. , koln la.

m In _IL hurry. I'll-have to gsi. -

, - ,o, A:.'Au. revoir, Mons mfr. - 'Alla c2owa, Mouche.. Goodbye,- Blr;

_

VeOabulaire

awl quel whatlokotor mddecin dlokolma dtudint s udentdjaouro tr v

bon - goodclewa sale - ca va tr'en

- voila- - there you are, -tha.Englichi - ,Snglais English

ouesenbm 7 merci tAanleyoumallet-14' monsicur',- sir, Mr.elle sa nodjo bonne chance - good luckalla plows --au revoir - goodbye-

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ue 1Cçit Ion:iMhat

29,11 eSt OtudiAnt..:Hogs-a_student.

Quell() est 1r fe ionde nsiou B?

.n pr f

4. Crest un wede,e,in.He's a doctor.

_re doD flr, B,

o lives inJliamey

Quoin coura Suit Mensiour:WhatFcouio3i r. A.

.

taking,

L Lo

Mons eur.

ntit les coursHe's studying inglish

.9 Monsieur A -que pense-dovenir?What does Mr. A wish tohecerrio?

fIel hidi?

:04 Englieni Vet',

1oucho A. awiro waltou

1(:). Il penso a dovonir up 10. Nalem lok. , professuOr.

He wants'to bo a prefeneor;

I 3

waltou

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ob jectdirect

ANALYSE DE 7PHRA:5E

avez-vous vu

meTcha'

..

question nous_ aussi dar.

obwia 1 aoiloai htchouto,-J. -- r

indiquer prep. "dahs". n4 z---------q?--

]

I I.

ratu 4. Maman

am anj I I raulmi a

ts.t-cn -vaus naua.twri.rulau Tiorchd?-5aroUNala tchourol-kaas

0113 VU ( uostion

Avoz-vous vu Fotu et Memen?retoue Mamen róuwiaa?

3USS

Eandie.-1

,

Amina f et avez-vous vu , ouvst n) ,i

1

---=_.. ....

.1- Amina 1 Iv oumi al +

.e.

- Avez-v us vu Yakube et Amino?

vYskubna Aminaa rouwiea tandie?

Non vous nous n' avons paa vu Wort., nous nopas vim.

Irouond61 z)nns, nandla oaena,

11F

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de Suujtji

TohoUni Has notchoun:IrtJaccia'ctcholptI d jou-Dupu.;tohdunDuboistenounDupont

, tchpqn

on

Ycitounrif.W1

' jot, Jaiqiio t;

:re lao_I Cat-)u

TchoTC(.10-4111_ boloTo iionn do iupozLTohOucija Diipont

loko torand iiok_o irnanandiloyo tortandi

a

lolco 4

.1.13;zo torN 3.okoina

121?.

Ti loko torAndi lakotorAndiNandi. lokolmnNandi 141co.torTandi loko tor

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-!ur( on t u1Tii, Adow dotte tarn

IF,:c bre 3 c.34 4

En 3 h krak.i'ma1

KanoUri

Kran 3-albaket .

EngiiciLCraci Jna

our

Krani na

Kranawa

Kanouri.

Kred Jana

kr ba

i

'el ouri riltr1na4

Ch ni7)rin

kranD .

krab;lwu

444.-+4++s444

4+ +

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gothi'djaI'.

gaYagawidjaal

Pass

gu -41:1

guimmgula

guirlye4uiaaugu6q

suis

-prsc _

VERlollow

sului

ent (n.r;c1,1

ne 3L115 pasga_

djaIwawo

egaiyawgwawa

djaollijawo

Pass6 eampar

gakonagamba,djana

gayanagawadjaan

4Passe. ndautif

gaka.ni ja riai pa -uivigenial

dpanl

gayundegaoldjaani

.

Futur ba,-n

_

Pl.M51"W

gaI Boloqaiyo. zwivonll

iuio oz).

diDa -I suit/djan - 0 in nuiv

-

X4mpilo: bori gakl suivraI

rnt negatAr. Exon4lia.: barino sulvrcii

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.,..

Madou'Itamou. nidjou,_ odSehno oun's1---,. . :.

uanguari innana. a k n!djouro gsaya',Wd a., karaikaJana.

Madou sawanfd-jou'nl,gd.i'a manadjcma'aadolta r,ay4n djou.-.T,a6o12.a..:,fadjar-ganga noUkdnot- Djniroh.sama 1ca1dn'dja?Wgawanin1 ',djann 'Oro djaptohal., Madoud ddoun / djan.

,

'Bari tthaakansouyenla-sala foroa dp.ouou'blao samh kamouMadoud 'tehanshdouna bri'keoUto. ,lipulwourin'tja-th6skciUothnfandjana-. Djairoa sama daltou teharani. Nodjani tchoqro .foroaniah fodan kaoudayao ,

VocabUlairti

gge1ya..-- aid()

-avsa beaux parents 1-:pnieW8s-7-itila,lialtou'- no re.lovtr -,7te gat to ohois rE.karamdpna 11 s'approcho,-. ho'draWs-nokouto apportor .m,to brtnAganga -.tam-tam -; tostilt.dm

Cadjar-- bonne hournoukono rSsonno " Vdsbun4akale hoodjaptou clo3e01'1(1re

woulwourio Own

1 to get'tho

1. Qxlestionn

1. Madou kamou nfgodjanaokaounfdjouQa.fait combion-ab. temps.quo Madou [Oast Maria..

A

2. Awl Madou dio tamadjo? )Quo perm) a falrè, padou?

Imbiuol

.1

n_yat19.0awr.ost llaido?-

dou bri djaironotbn?mono J.() ropasnon bommon?

Aulro cijniron dpldja

Pourquol lop Jounori gepono voultint pan no olovor?

Uteri of no)

Mndou ninounldjou yakou.Nadou slo'at_mar o 11 ytroi

2. dou ga5_0 CA030a n'tiSouio

Nadou pens() falro'Uno aio :a nob boaux-panAlto..

3. Ladoua gaiycithao.Dimnneho ont lo ouv de 1 la5..e

I. vol bri .irooSthnLoa tOUfl on amonont 1-Nrivi aux- -uloo hommm.

Nodjani QUPO A.UrkaMOUU/dJA munadro.Iln no say t pnn o'11 ylour futuro femMo pnrmi coo

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A d0..

dou s est Merle 1.ly a troin mois. taàa±iion do pluios",

est v nue. La temps.d'apporterune aido aux-paronL;t;slapproche. Madou avertit tous sop anis ourron ,aido lo dima oho.Lo dimanehe matin lc tam-tarelr6sonne. To le&Aeunos gons, lourheue a lgópaule-, doecendonP au champ. Madou,:aussi,ost parmi ouc..Ile opt cultivj.jusqu'a midi. Taatns los fiIrless du 'villagea000mpagnent la foram§ de Madou'pour apporter. la nourrituro. OnenidnS lour you-you.. Tolptiles jednbe.hommes/ne Moulent pas so

..relevar:. Ile ne naverit.pas.s4il y a lour future fomme dans le,groupb.

I

ViEf

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Ou es$-tu allee'bier?9helii'did you go yesterday?

Nara- bika

F tu: 4e Suis alU6 au village. BiaI went to the village.

ES.tu allee au grand village?Did you go to thopig village?-'

Fotu Nen -je suio all4e,au petlt bla _

Village.

No, I wnnt to tile

*Ariz (ii stadrease Amina etaYakuba)

Otilites-voud'alida Nara bikalonawaa?Whdre did you go yeAerday?

Bla koura rolenambaa?,

YIcbaz Noun nomMes, all .au mareld.We vont to markol.-

Eten-vous al169 au petit marbid:you-go to the b market.

1.

.Notio somas...0:14e au grand'-marehd%We went to the large market.0

parld d'Amina)Vu est-011e-allofe

- Where did she go?'

Elle eat aljoo a N la maison.She went to the houso.

,

Eat-elle ail& R la petitematoon?Didohe go to the-little house

Fatu: E114,zt alldo ii. la grando maioon. Fazzo kourix ledSho went to the big hdeso.-

uOU

KISOOUOU4

0011011 ko

Nara ked naa?

Fazao ro ledjana.

enawaa?

lin

I.

Fazzo tngur1 ro ledbnaa7

al pario'do Fatu et d'Amina)ba vont-ollob alldea?Whore did thoy go?

Nara

Yakuba: Elles cent nlilea 411 ehamp.;, Koulo ro lodjann..They Ilent to tho field.

Ari: all4os'nu patiL ehemp? IcouloUnguari ro lodjanna?Did they ge to the littlo tiold?'

-Yaknb Non, ullon vont alldes nu grand anon, koulo koura ro

champ.No, they wont to the big field.

-0 koulo

0old Ung144.14 guIu2 . petit -

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20

cth rei-----tp It; m

-Whore aretomorrow?

Ot) ira- ol- ain?Whoro is h otio goingtombtrow?

irez7- us,demain?Whor,O,ara you goingtomorrow?

06 iront-i -main?,Whora.are they going-tomorrow?

nare,lad

Bari nora .

Bari oars kedjoi'V

.19 vois a D000. Dos° ro iski.1 nt gping ti oso,.

1- 0116 vo 5-Dota.Ho she is goimito Dona..

'Nous slims o_Doso. Doso ro loniWm aro going iio Doso.

4,. ..13_s uon t a ponlc

Doso ro Iodji.

-They ere going to.Doso.Doso ro

Jo vois au petit morale; KOROWNUM- tar*Ori DOOOSdo, DpaorPin going to the small

rkat in Doso.N

Ifclus O11f22 au petit mcycho' Kau uou n,.,

da' .. ' /You a. .goinq AL the smallmor t 'm Dos

L

Al 1th vont 00 potit 1

de oHo/cho jo guing the tho irnnlmarkot in DOSO.

3

Dosoo ro lotou di

ch6 ,assouou tanagu i'D000410t,tch&di,

4. lb vuo.-i au pOidu Doso.ThayTreMnrkot ;in D so.

ma cha Kosscuou-

tho

nguri Douo

(pz p,

dons lo,tompli 116VsOnll_produil; Au quns,Thu infinitivo lotou to loavo-to'clo) Itrosulto in tho 7:66-a 0 D he in_ [0 00:#

2 1

n dr,

7 _die maku-J.] q

nodi-

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Bokozi vo au gron id marchci Bakari kssouou koura Dosoerode Doso. lotou tchdi,Bakazi i garn .to the bigmarket of Doso

Yokuba va au grand march4 Yakuba kassouou k ura Dosoorode Doso0 lotou tchadi.Yakuba is going to tho bigmarket of Doso.

It -Ira au grind marchd de Kassbueu koura D000ern 18totrtchdDoso.Ma is going to the bigmarket of Doso

Ello,va a- grand maroh4de Doso.

0She is going tortilla big'market of. Dos001

Ko--ouou kou

I. Viona-tu Tilebari domain?' -Bari Tifaberin44PAre you coming to Tilahoritomorrow?

0

2. Vonoz-vous Tilabodomain?Are you coming to Tilaberitomorrow?

Vientil/allo a Tilabori Berl Tilaborin iya?domain?Is he/she cool ng to Tilaboritomorrow?

40 Vionnentils 67 Tilabodomain?Aro they coming to TilobtomOrrow?'

21.

a lotou :chDdi..

Oari Tilaborin yea

FO..Q

le gas .:ti a Tiloberi domain?Ate you going to Tilaboritomorrow?

Alloz7,vous a'lip you going

'A, tomorto- 7

Burl Til bnrin issdiya?

Dune TilabBari Tilabe

leroMi?lonmlo?*"*

obori domain? Bari° TilaborI no lnwi?Tila ori

0 La surOlka mot- Fl c do nom.' lo sone nut "d1'01'.Jt0 La suffixo -n ojoutoo d lo fin du norn. Lo f:Kinq not

Quostion; ejoutoz d in fin du --be conjunue, Pour.ouphon o0..

norm n_'*.e.).aso (vonli) dans leo formes ci a !1(7 torminnai: avec on uioutez "-ye"; le sons eat lo futur.Deux possibilities de-poser cottn gunn ion. Lel urfixo *-41ojoutdo a beri domain ou A lo fin du vathl .

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22

Abdo, vient-il maydomain?Is Abdu coming to Niom

, tomorrow?

Amine, Vient-all N altby Gar-

Is Amina.com ng to Niameytomorrow?

Viont.-il a Niameydemain?Is he comin0 todliamaytemarrow

Viont-oile 0 Niamey dams she coming to Niameytomorrow?

1. aussi.T.Aro you,coming'

Viant Li elle aussi?Is hu/sho coming also?

,

Venez-vous adssi?:'Aro ,teu.coming.sioc?

-4. Viailnan:t-ils aussiT,kre they coming disc'?

1, OuloV09, I am,ceming.

2, Oui Walla viont.Yea, hu/sha i., coming.

Oui flous .vononf;...

VOG, WO aro coming,

Oui, ils,uicnnant,You, thay aro coming.

Pii Raing.

Woilo va.Ho/olib in going.

Noun allonaWo aro going.

=Abdow Ni.oinoy ro ias1ya?a Abdou Ni.om y ra issi?

y re si?

V.Niamey- re issi?

in? Baria Niamey

mia?

in?

Vonlr

Taii issaio?

i2S3ki,n'kz)aaa duki.

L5aOCO tcW7,di.

.0n1

n, nrk _GO tchadi.

toki.LoOU

Lutou cindi

LoLnu

rlo vorb dio (ro nymoo.

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no pas.i

1Lfoilo no vient pas.Heisho is not palming.

Nous ne venom. pps.We aren7t Gaming.

Ils ne vxennent pas.They atenCt coming.

no vazo pas.am not going .

2. lielle ne ve pas.He/She is not Ao,ing.

Neus n allons pas.-We ate not*going.

IlS ne vont pas.They a en!t going,

wawo.so dikiwaoni diki

Wkasso: =haNikes-o 1- di,

NIkbsso diewa-N°kassoni

Nokassotchadiwa.Nilkssoni tchadi.

LpkiwawoLetpu dikiwa.Letouni-diki.

Lotou tchadima.Letouni tchDdi.

Letou diema.Letouni

Letoutchadiwa.Leto6n1 tchadi

** La suffix -ni (nlo verbe

be dip

'atien) 'ajconjudu-so,- uns I'effirm

cbejugue' dananegetif

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DTPLIJG

,ratft:

akar .

Bokari:

la u:

.(111.o.

.Lionjour, Fatu.

Rakati.konjoUft

ro you doing?'a a s-tu?

,m going to mark,o vol nu. TI:archd

-1 wen t0 morkotTu all& ou march

, but t.eday 100 noing tObuy sum6. cloth.Oui, mais aujouid'lui isvnis achut;er de ti.su.

Avila

Cl Wa-BokOr..

Auii dimi?

roletcLr Ut

Bokari:.Oid you Abdu?As-tu I- ru Abdu?

Fotu: NO I JOT hiM tothn iid00i,.'je.1.''ai'vu aau chvimp,.

aLlmr-)

Abdoua roumba

.0anl tit ronknakouor leteb' chod

Oakari: Abdu inci Amina ge to thsY.toi4,overy day.Abdu t Amine vont au chomp koulo .ro lodjaitous ltna jours.

Thdy Jork hard.,ils,travalAlent dur.

Abeoua Ami au k u oum,

6 kari: Woll, goodbye. I mustgo to thn field.Mors, au rovoir. Iimt7 faut aller au champ.

FatU: 1odbyr.. I must go tothe morlmtAu rovOr Il le'fa t.liar au ftarchn.

_

'vocAnuaIRL

to. . alr hr.m

'372.1f iThut. Pr1. 1 oir

kou lujcuud ;11:i todoyr.iii s

,ULizoi j vutisons. futuro.Use the vorb

u ro kidad

To alla clown. Sol kollek

V

koi) - dur, 17rcivp hiu.d

klbou I

kodjemu.kouloum -

reu_. clotho lo' ourn(

(1V13 ry day, aimto- 'allr.E1

r,tou tt.-11w3 pr69*rt, lo,our itl.thqur. 1o,

-ent tonne to indcato

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VERDE

nidi0 fal.re

diki:cilmI

-tehadt

diediwi.t4hadi

Mak

Present tneig .4_ -

dikiwawo \(jedimbaotchadiwawo

dijwawodiwawotehadiwawo

ne faisipas

Pa

kidPkokidamkido

,kidie,kidabu'Iced°

ai fait

Passe a

dfldñi Jo naI pa

tehodani

Futur7: ba 4- prosEkample: bari dik

Futur nogatif: bari pros. neg.Example-: bari dikiwawo - Jo no

ferai pas ._diendedawitphadini

rhis.Hdio- faisonal

faitosr8,

tchadd qu'll'fanstchado qu'i13fa3eent2

Pronominal

nidJ-adaki - Jet le faisnIdJadaki - Jo vous fainsadi vous faitsadami .'tu voun faintadie -'nous:vous faisonsyedami lui'fais7a4a1c.i. Jo lui fainyadie - noun lui'faisons

chassadi iln leur fontohaai lour.fait.

- t

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Pronnat _dlsja_n_g_t_LLs

LEnt7eo: .toi? Ouiyott? you,

2. .Rat-iee :lui ollo?.h h Ye she.

Est-e v us ales noubit ou? 'Yose ittls:

I, on V

'es mot 1. Nimani,T,

at'wee-

2 Timau-

n,. OU

Nan --aa? --n,

26

ouma.

46-'2 nd aa?- aan, lima .

ui 'est Maman. 1 ndou tio? Maman tioo it? It Martian.

AEst-co Bakari? eBakari.Is it Bakari? Yes i Bakari.

mon frelets_ rriy broth()

/4. C lest ma mere,It's his mother.

C t-ton-pc)re 0

C

It Is your fathe

C sIt lour fljtheir iIter.

,tost notre pere,rt's our father

C est Votre - iocur,It 's yoUr sister.

9. C'est mon village:my village.

1 , Qua s 'appello-t-olle?What la her name?

Elle aappe11 e Amina..HernatisAzniia,

Qué t lappelles tu?What yOur nagle?

40 JO m'appollo Bakari.My name* s Bakari.

Bake is

canani

Yanldjou tics.

danzm-tici.

Kan n dja kamou

'de

n,

ka ou .

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nom de ton village?a the.namb of your .1t444e.e.

La

If;

nem do sa maison?name of your-house?

3. gull ot le nom de lour villageWhat. he namaof-tinolr village?

4. quel ost-Ie nom dd.votre Matson?WhatIn tie nevi() of your. house?

Le nom"de son villago ostThe name of his village is Dogoi

Le nom de mon village est Tilaberi., The name of my. village_is Tilaberi.;

Le nom de notre village est Dose'. 3-The naMe of,our village is rieso.

k. Le= nomde.leur village,The namt oC their-villag

Tom village, e8til grandIs your village big? J

Non, mon village eat potiNo, my village is little.

Votre village, est.41 petit?Is-your-Villag&small?

Awl tohoubianii p

Awi

27

tehoU fan fdjoudi?* .

t hOU blan d a

lou fan I doe'?

Tchou:Olanldjoue7

Tchou bland

. Tehou

Deno?

Tilab

blan,d66 besa..

Yilindye4 Li.. Tohau.blania Filindy

a .

ri.

4. Non, notre village.est grand.No, our village is big.

5 Votre maison, est-elle petite?Is your house small?

6. Non,..ma maison estNo, my house is big.

Blantdo guDnao?'

Fantdo guanaal

anon fanni kour

Oundeu (qui) ----- -be;Awi (que) -------- -b6"Oundou (qui) "--- -6Awi(que)

a ec ' u

avoc toute3 len aiitreq 1)0 sonne3.

a.

ExaMple.6undou tchou banaml Quel ost,le nom do ton 1-;n-e?

71i711aliou blanidoe? Out:a-est le mon de votre viliegi

Ajoutez la suffix°dire la question.Add the suffix "-mthe question.

* Fazzo (fato) maison

Example: Fan - ma m

tt a 1 44.0tir quan4 la reponse coutre

the Adjective= when tho..answer contradIo

house Pour euphonie,.fa avoc los-pronoms ponsessifs.

bm,

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28

DAILOOHE

A: 14'ss4u-vu dans le village? Oua tchouro blaen souroumbaa?*Did you see me In the villag 7

B2 Oui, je t'ai vu.Yes, I saw you..

At As-tu vu Sani?_Have you seep Sani?

Ou1,16 llai vu aussi , --Yes, I have seen him also.

Sania

Tiga

As-tu vu Amine atissi? Amina-yeatt*Have you-seen Arai= also?

Oui, et toi, a -tu tru. aussiYes, Have you seen her alio

n d

na.

A: Est-ce que voua nous avez vus auDid you pee un ire the field?

, cB

.Non, nous ne vous.avon pas vus.No, wedidn't see you.

A: Aveb.vous-vu-Sani-et-Ari?Haw) you seen Sani arid Ari?

B2 Oa, nous lea evens min.lbs we have seen them.i

Avez vow vu Arl. et Nom aHave you seen Ari end Nan= also?

0111.9 et vous 9 est-ce quo vous lesavez vus aussi?Yes. .And-did you see them slat?

a Naman.nayda raawaa

-voir41-11- Ls suffixe slajoube au no= et exprime 11 d6e "aus

The suffix-7g is added to nouns and expresses the ides o_ C)"44** La suffixe -tonn s'ajoute atm noms avec le mot.tchouro (dans).'

The suffix -tPnn is added to the noun when the word tchouro (in), is

tchouro - dins inkoro aussi od,

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DIALOGU

nt-ci, est il le tion?child here yours? :

B:.Non:voNstAleprant'd'Amina.,,-del4ila.ast le mi6n.:NOrlthat child la Amina

at c41ad there, is mine

th kaanamba?

B: tatha Aminao'0kak4

,maisens-cl, oont-ellesvttres?-these.houseo-hero

13: Noni t11O3 sent les ma an et do Yaktibc -

C . ci sent les-nttree.No, they are the heuses ofMaman and Nakuba..- Those hereAre-ours.

A: Cos enfants.- ont-do Bakari?Aro thobe children he

-Bakari!s?

Non, las seh les enrantsde Maman.No theyAre -MamanTs -children.

aont-ils doBakari et _d'Abdou/

VAbdou ot de

thor- are AbdOs and. Bakarils..

anan

. Aid .kaoilAii;

oJ

Na thp,4th?0-Bakarlea?

B: p nant tathaa am no.

- A: Blaa naAbdouSa?

13: Toni Abdoua Bakari o.

h3thze Bakarioo

Vocabulairo

fin quel quella hich, which onefisno quels, quell sathz - co - thisani 'cos - theseteni ceux la bas those theretothz cela 1oi - this herea athDn ici here

-na tothDn &Pest la bas - it therena tooth3, - cleat lui qui ast 1FI bas - it. sna ahthaethao ctest ceux qui Sent ici - itna ton14thasSe Oast °aux qui sont la bas

which ones

3 0

at one thorothose fib et!s those the

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30g orcou dc 3tJ rdi

PrOrdss

numbaa?as-tu.:Vm?)

2. AAdin saroumbaa4as-tu

Pig roumbna.(L'as-tu vu?)

.t1 ya- roumbaa?,es as.,tu vus?

tt ourouwas?..Wavez-vous v

6 Andia sarouvaa?Nous avoz-vous vua

Tia rouwaaT(L1Svoz,7vou3 v

Taija'rouNna?aos avoz-vous

(Douxieme ,tour -1tud.ant ponoTait Ion7r6pomes.

IL1. ya 'sour naa?

( Es L.-co i 1

2 N1ya nrdjar-, sa7(Est-toe qucils voul n vus?)

Aandia-saroutlaa?stvce quo volts no

va?)

4-

0 4

n7t,'i.1, rt.2 ni. I .ouino - ton s vu

.'i-.-7-3an,. lei n'cjcrouiyoriOui,,nuns vous alfoflr. vus.

0 _ :3P n.,.1a routO

noj s l'avons vu,

.1 n, tcya r aipina.s les avons VLIE

4. Nia n4djouroui(Est-oo que nou

S1 Taiya roukbnaa?(Estw,00 quo je 1

61 nndia-sarouinbaa?(Est e quo .tu now- as

la mgri6-_acoI.

quo- ons, prorossour

p-uro nni.(Non pas vu

110n, neu.(Non, i1s'

javounni,,us ont

_wen, anndia(Non, vouo no ous a7oz paz

nia n, ourouiyom..con, noun -txEVons p

anim,(Non,

qu-/Exer ice

lya rouk2,nno lrai pa

andia saroummi.tu no nous as,pas

3 1

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41ant

xxiasseu u

Eøt.co qtioouraumbaa.1

vu au'Marchouno

cooh

ounn

rue au

II Id jourOulcoui J tr; iL u all ml

dad

. 2 Anndia kasacitio

co quoau mnrchl!?

&pact()co quah4?)

Taiya kassol(Eat-coau-Mar

.ouounn roul:vu.ait marchif.

-

Viya kansouou.nn rcluecena.

Oka, Jo 1ri al vus au marcho.)

R6Petez dans

IV1. Nia koulonn:'n'7d

(Est-cc 'qugil t'

on- .41/0 tiarcice

2. Anndia koulonn r,aTct(Eat-co (in -nou*--Evv,

champ?)

ya koulonn nEnt7co qu'il youau champ?)

Li.o. neiya koulonn ,tchou(Est-co qufil le.fxau champ?)

1r1

:ov1onn ncLjla pas -.ru au 04011:1*)

anndia _koulonn JArcumi0 -il:.ne, nous a pau VUS/

au

iya koOlonn n 4 djarounni 0

(Non, ii no vous a_pas/vusau -Champ

n taiya_koulonn:(Non, il ne lsa.Ak pa_au

houra8 .

Reip6toz dans le m8ms fAconqua)

V1 Fatann Pato)a -,c4oumbaa'Y

As-tu vu Fatu a la mais

Fotann kriza roumbaa(Aa-tu. vu le chlofl a,

mnison?)

Prit, kriza fatann routr)na%

(omit Pal vu lo chien d lamaison.)

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-Etudiant

LasuffXxe Irun :qui op- t.icL

Kaanouounn Fv.toua naatohourdunaa?

qutil-a vu Fatu atMoman'Au marchc;?)

oua

_oouounn Milmaourounna?

Est-O0 wpil a vu Maman14onfantau ma%9016

iiuounn

uroUnnil.ro'a vu mwron;

,.nfant AU marcho-)-

latssouounn yaa kaAnaaza-tchouz4ounni.Tl:nqapan vu,le.ot -lo potit.prare -u.m roh6.

010:zaa

3 KtOUOUflfl. yta inr.aaz11 ,uchourounaaT(Est7co-qu'il a Tiu lo g'rbro et le petit fre'vo

014?)

Rptoz dans la rnrne cncox.

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PiiONOW1

sLb

ronatA_Sob voc le sons ugal

larldiayn1.117a'

now3ousGS

Pronoms ossir iot3R.1..14*0 ,,montonsonnoLrovotre)1nfir

PrOnonlI..22.2so._

;kakri;.kaanvfnkaandjoukanth

,kaDndo:.knandja.

mion:

lc .nfitro1-o vVt,rois lour

Pronorninkakeokaanzmba.kaondjoupa.kaDndbakaandoakaahdjaa

.ink4

d...

tritpstion.

co -lo mest.7ob =to thin'?,est.-cr_ ler .si_r1rt?

-,est7on in n9:tre.?:etht.;_.do -in votro?ost.-to -le: lour?'

Nat to! kakccoNett° kaan2mb.oNatto kaandjouoNatto kaviri6oatto kaanthiotto kaz-ndjno

_ou01lequal

77.6cruoikaquoilsquGl

ns ayocJo (aussitu11 llo

.

z

3n3."-LP'

anditorhyontaIy66

nous al,Vousils/elles

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VID,01:

i o - ,voir - t. ....,

nt --Pr-

rouki Jo vois=

rou!-AJ6orouml i LourbntcHaroui tchzrou

,

rouiy rnuiyutrouwi 'ouwamtcharoui -Lcher

U. ci

4.1

rouk paoumbs

tcharouns

groUlyenarouw6

-.tcherouna

4rn*.yr.

J vu

Et§e Pass

roukeni jo proumitcharouni

roulyepria.romatcharouni

:YFutujne-

Part roukimaworounbao.

11.1.11M=1.9e./.1riW

Vy

(pl pi!

tchc ukovkirorn'kJ

k. wiyn10 A

c ouroucu

Futul..P.M&604,-d%.

beri rouiroumi

,

"---.toharoul

-/

rouoitcharou

34

tchDrnuiwewo

rouiyeurownrouwawotcharoulinnua-

tchourouko a in sons'..)Le surrixe -rup peutla futur-

ITZ&MT17)---no

1. ti'djouroukons - Jo "al vu --I n4w you2. Souroumba -7u m,as.vu - You saw me3. siiroumbq Tu heus as vu - You saw us4. saround -711n/il nous ont/a vus - They5u Sarouwa - Vous nous avez vus - You saw us

ou (I I ut.ur rant 1 xnt1.4_...r,itor doshant un snns dgironis dnns

,-------

1A0

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Astu cuit la vJantolqiiPrniHave you cooked the moatyourself?

Qui, je l'al cuit mo n

Yes halm cooked it mySelf,

At MangeSTtu-la viande toujours?Doryou always eat meat?

Br)Nons-je-la mange une-foisPar Jour'.Nos I- oat it once,a-daya

.

A: Avez vous cult-la bouillivous-meMe?Have you cooked the couscouyourselves?

Oui, nous l'avens cult nbu

Yes, we cooked it ourselve. .-.: - ,

A: Mangot.-vouS la bouillie A: Sour koulomb- p -itha. bouwl?toujours? : '

= Do-you=-0at-couSeous-alwayn?

Win nous lo_changeons,dowtfon par:Jour,No, we oat- it twice a day.

AA: A -t lle euit 10 rlz elle-mem

Has she- cooked the'.rice her7.self?

B: Oui, cUe a cult le riiKamaYes,harm)

ho, cooked0 the rice

A: Mange lle le riz toujo:Does she always eat rice?

Non elle mange le riz troisfols par Jibur.No, she eats rice three4times a day.

3 6

B:anano lñdiro.yirn dab boviyo'..

:T*IarOajodeeno?

biklan'ciJoumatchinkafatha 1166no tia.

A: 3afiyayèa tchlnkafa c

13; alP11, yc,.1c0tchinkafa:d o

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Ont.ilq cult loa -oou eux Toa kl 'Ujrrrn3r. xi% aWave th y cookod the eg thou dadjanasalty-

B Oui nt cexu tame e.

Yes , they' . cookedthemselves.

ngont-ils les oouro tothe'y always eat ggs?

Non, ils tnangent les oeufdouA fois par Jour.Nor they oat eggs twicea day.

A; Sour koul mba ntgualialad4diala?

B: arOn, indiroyini t10n guaw ala de d jai .

koulornbasafiyayat,11 3. le 2 le o ththa

ettda_vtizndo_znoat.nigOwal, oeuf - eggVolt nkafa riz rico

-

37

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Profea3our

k1anrnaa ,104thadathai':tchinka_

MCC

37

e do ubat ut on

Etudiant

n, .

Niklam.maa dOlicideawM?Niklani?maa tthinkatatha denam?

Vandikl n doom kouittladenawa?kanithadimitha

Pii1nn'djóunmadatha ha d

:It)

11

lilt

i;qatha

Thi klan'djauna kbui_had4dja?,,kanitha--dimitha

Ma kiandOMaa a

ou) denzwathar,zNam !domaa kanitha donzou7NandikianIdomaa dimitha deln0U7

Tiklan'd.jo maa datha dedjo?,TiklaWdjoumaa.tchinkaft.Ltha dejoTikian'djoumaa litha dojo?

Tal djafriaa kouitha diid

Pal klunldja _aa kani 44d3a?.Pal klahldjamaa dimitha 46dja?

onUr koulamba tdhinka

dathabritha

:S/41.YaY46. 4a 4jouwP.'-kbul'A.)rA-

Andikiari'demaa.-,tchinkarabpiay6?.kani-da

kOulomba tohinktifa_ oum_Sovir koulomba- datha bouthSour koulomba -britha bouimi?

da djouvir?'.fiYayo,a Icoui djouw. yayea bri djouwi?

'--9 . .....rkp:klantrie a dtankai a boulye

ncilklan 'dem ni ,boul,ye?'

And.lklantdomila da bcitiiy6-7

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Erercice do Subgtitution

rofeIrsour Etudiant

Niklanamaa britha dollar* Niklanamaa trItha demdathi IliklanMaa-dathatehinkafatha, .NiklanZmaa tchinkafatha de wr?.,

'an clik16:ri dorm icOui.,tha ndiklan domaa kouithte -,

denawaq, . (ou) donzwatha?

kanttha NandiklanIdomaa kanithip donzou?dimitha, Nandiklan'domaa dimitha derraon?-

.

,-klanldj uma datha dLjo? Tiklan'djoamaa datha dedjatehinkafa ha° Tiklan'djoumaa tchinka4tha d o?britha Tiklan'djoumaa'britha cl. o?

_ .

Tal k1an'djania kou tha Tal kl n'djamaa kouitha dilddOdja?kanitha -Tal klaWdjimaa Wanitha dLdja._dimitha Yai klanldjaMaa dimitha dugdja?

-

Sour...

konlomba tehinkafa Sou koulomba tehinkafa bOtmi?boumi?datha SoUr koulomba datha bpubritha SomOkoulomba britha bo

.

.T

Safiyaypakoui-lbri

a_djouwi,ISrjt ynye a da dj-ouwi5'

Saf iyay4a lcoui dj-ouwASaf iyaida bri ouw y?

tohinka 'a 4ndikian dB aa tehlhiwa'bou ybouiyó?

'kani Andiklan'demaa kani bouiye?da Andi1ç2rahldomaa da'houlY6?

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,Pr4sent-------

deki je_cu- _:4enamid4dji

dn

nt n

di4kiwawo'dcfnathbaodidjiwawo

daniewawodenawawo_'dedjalwatio

ePasse`.

Aask9=deomAddho'-

de0ed6o,ytou;Ageyera

:461a.

4 cult

compos

ai cuit

ass° n

# P

dekanid4namid6d

denien-dgnawltddjani,

Impe

'ding, oldsd6nio-cuisod6noo auisezidiSdjo_quIll GuisedSdja quIlle dOisenti.

Pronominal , Apra sent

'dSri'djaaki;iro dokl

'd4rOdjak5;-tdIro d44

desii

JdJola

ta cuis).urcuisY.°11.9 Pula'leur cullui,Puisnous auit

itz_ti3seif p rondminal

Milldjaakarka'.

ddr0,4jdzk)mdo00.0a-:'

44neaana.ipeaanadon'djiiyona'.d4nedjayienaAciesaomfa,das,eaouwa,

esaana

Pan e avecdisjcinctifa

°Jei

.je vous'ai ptu m!as culttu.,-nous Aa cult4 thla cult ,4nous a. cultnoun t"aVons cui-nous vpus'Avone_...cuit

.4rous nol4e altos cultm'ont ault'

ile nous ont-buit

.oUma:dok6 mOi-meme 'al cuitpima4 denam? as-tu cuit?timaa d4djo?. lui-mamo,andimaa deni4? ous-Mame avons

.

-,

= nbud ouit?-,

nandima deaca? Iroge-meme$ ay9z-voim buit

:asimaa dedji.? eux-mameStont-il,a-ouit?-

40

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Prennms dis

DUM3 moihima toitime lui/ello

endima ndinondime voqstendima eux

rictifs

oumaouna-Onst noi,.nimaniMe-coestrtoitima c'est lui/e

ahdima o nousnoniUmo. coit voustandimb- c'es 'oux

oukloni c'ost mci. Pnkklanam clest toi-mome

c'est 1ui-m6mo

andi,k/oncOo-c"est nous n

inandiklantdo c'est vous-mkola klan'Wtandiklanqijatal:,k1on'dja

41

euxmamos

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Tchou.

DWA tanibanadt<aou n'djou araseou.Wadjia tehou. Kramiaya nidjoua ba n'eljanacisama-isaana. Walna tehoud dia tehadi3O-gigualare touatha,dala toua the 'lama bari dawadj4.--Mil*Mba

,.491athero tehou silaoue-tchassalci.-,

Dounia W

Dundouyslye tehina fato ba elathioro=tehaptna.. Malambakrr loUourane tehad teher?na. Dalatha kengoa,Tchou nldjouNamadou". Tehou nawitS.Qoro daardjana. N/gitalaro daloa dewadjana.Datha sadaktchdi. Arri, telaa nodjana stuns, ouri djadana yaa baamamadeuero. NaMadou6 klandjou tdhalari.. Tehirl faki wiidjiaretoual tehadi..

dala belb4 - babykaou - Jour daywadjia domain - tomorrowtaMbana, est nj bornkramia parent parent_tehou baptame baptismwaina-boigneta cakes, doughnutsdawatou Ggorgor slaughtermalQmba,- marabout- Priest (N aloumsilaou 4tol1e - stardjiko nommer - to naMetchassaki il eat name.lououran.- Koran - Korannawl,- propate - prophetgoro - kola (noix) - kola nutdaartou partagnr - to dividedale -tauroau bullnedjana ila eonnalesont thby know'larro racer - to shaveretouai eicatrice - nearwai peut-Ure - perhaps

Quostiona

10 Dalathie kaounCijou n daou?Quo' ago a lo bobo?

2. Bari sala atil tehadi?Quol annivoraalro fifto-ondomain?

1.

3. Tohou djiri fi maimba tehadi?Quel nom donne 10-marabout?'

4. Naran oundouyayo tchopkan?Oii tout lo mondo oat-il rouni?

4 2

116ponsos

Dolathio kaoudd ou araLa b6ha a aix jours.

Bari tcbou tchadi.ADomain oat la Jour du baptomo.

NalLha naLo marabou(Pun proph

hadi.donna un

4. Oundoya76 tchni fado biZdalathion tchapkatan.Tout lo mondo oat rouni dola porta do la maioon du pdu Who.

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5. Tchou f tathath ro tchado?Quel nom est (Iona d l'enfant?

6. Awi da dalothiea nigu larotbie-aro tehaddi?Quo fait-ori avec la viande du

, ataureau et du bOlier?

/0 Awi sama tchaddi?Aue fait tout,le monde?

Tradi1tion

Tatathic tchounldjou Mamadou.L'enfant estnomme Namadou.

Dath oundouyayero.°.sadak-tchai.

, La ,viande est efforts a toutle m6nde a la charitti.

0

7. Am sana mrl tathathie baayAa tharo tchadd4.Tout le mende donn_ If:argent

aux parents du b4b6.

Le bapeame.

Un babe est neil y a six jours , Domain sera le bapt moo'Tous les patents dix pare ettde la mere de Ponfant sont %Fong's.On est en train de faire.desbeignets. Un Olier et umtaureausont attaehtifs. Les marabouts donnoront 4 Penfant un nom d'Ainprophdte,

Il fait Jour.

-Tout le monde utast ren- .ovant la por_ ..do 1s rnalaon dupbre de lfenfant. , Les mrbouts ont lu le Kora. Le b4be est'un OrOon. .0n loa homm -dou.. West le tio__- do Itrophatc.On a partagd la kola noix)c Le taureau at le bolier sont'Aporgeso Lour viande_estofferte a tout lo monde, une charit60Tous les reeonnaissanttvdennent.dArilargent aux parents du 1761260On est en-train de razer.la tate de Mamadou, Je Itentonds'crierpeut4tre (Luton lui fait-une cicatrice.

4 3

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1

taladutalarawa

\-4aminsoudjamababdomladou

scmain0

3,undimardimercrediJudivenOedisamedidimanche

4 1

43

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Exoi

Kau 1Ztarintaluouatalarawaabikalaminsouadjamaabarisabdaualadoua

Kou latarin.talaoutalarawabikalaminsoudjamasabdoubariladou

Kau iztzrinro talaou7:talnoura talarawa .talarawara laminsoulaminsoura djz,mabaridjamara sabdousabdoura ladou

co da Subs utioa

Va-t 1 pluuvoir qujourd° ui?Is it going to r in today?

2. Jo croisI think no.

,udiant

Kau latTrina?Kau talaoua?Kau taiarawoa?Bika talarawaa?Bika:lominsoun?Bika djemaarBari djamna?Bari sabdoua?Bari ladoua?

KouRdu talaou.Kou talarcwa.Dtka talarawa.Bika lamirmuu.Bike djZIma.Bika sabdou.Bari sabdou.Bari ladou.

Kou 1Dt :inra talaou?icau:i:alaoura-telarE2wat.Kou.talarawara'laminsau4Kou iaminsoura djamaYBari laminsoura djame.Bari djamara sabdou?Bari sabdoura lado0

Kau ingui tchou, udiu?

Ta rnzikana.

rait-il nuagouxlaujourd'hui? 3. Kou u tchidia?1G it going to.bn cloudy-today?

4,,Jo crois quo non.I don't think so.

5

tDmakani.

mait-il chaud auj.urd'hui7 5. (Ou kaoulsou tchidta?In it goIng to bo hot today?

Bien sit .

Cortain

T. rrnis aujourd'huIn it a ing to Oo cool t

Pout-otPorhnild.

6..1)ji maro.

Knu kn u tchidia?

Id Int juzna.

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Est-il do trep bonne hours..dana IA mat1n6e.In.it Very Ocrly in the'

.1aorning?

Djaoiro s.7.1wa

Etll del .bonno heuro dEn.0 2 a'ywa kX,la aatindo?Is it early in the morning?

o bonne houre dansl'apreSmidi?In it early in the artorhoo

Est.11 tard dans 1 apraloIn _Ate in 'the aftorn

Es il do bonne Ileum) -dano laso be?Is it early in the e, rung

Est- . '..tard dans la soir6.0?Is it late.in the Owning?

Dorraj naa

FaitIs'i

1 la nuri7nitht?

--ulaire

LoiSs

ma?

:djrnes?

Bouncrd j an3a?

4juour trawa trios do bonne very colz.lyhiltd 8:30 - 9:00 du matin (.):00 in tho P1ux'r(l'L!.dorr - 2 houros do l'Apr6m- al - 2:00 in ho LOfflOOfl

assar 5 heures do l'aprds-midi - 5:00 in tho oftornoonmcouriou - 630 - 7:00 3u oolr - 6:30 - 7:00 in tho nvoninlz,lo33a - 3:30 9:00 du '-.1o.tr :30 - 9r00 jn thu ovoningbounó -'nuit nighLkarma - malntonant - nowqN1 011 orkaou train - coolnykzingabta faille du salon_ -fofooua..nuagoux - cloudy

4 )

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'Arm valadjana.( gor a sama d aourTA. -Kpm'ano apmtohakona*- Nigangala tchDdana amMa ziiridcctyo. tchithni. Doun:½soma larassoua. ,Nara'nyay klnadjai Djakvoabla blarokambriri tchaathi..- Awo km.boO sama bouzow. Awe djaou mods&i kadjsomOu* Am sama (ire; trOino'n1s146 bouthoua tcharaana*L'amanad-djaoudjana., Falataa !garioudjal*

Vedabulaire

-biaa ,temps de rdoolte - harvest timekala rdColte - harvest'tvgaie - haricot. beankoldji --araehide-- peanutkoine cette annc - this yeartdo suffiro - to sufficeIarassoU bonhour - good fortunemonde:- 1rannoe derniere-- last yearbouzou - Cher - expensive

.barin neuf - nowloutou - porter - Wearlaman animal . animal (lamana animaux).garioutou s!onricher - to enrich-FlatA Fo-lanis - Tribe in Niger

.RauLtma

1 IDcou fin karay4?Quelle saloon somas-nous?

2* Arom n'gououa?Est-ce quril y a ioaueoupde mil?,

O Awi djalroc tchadi?qua font le_ eunes gen ?

4. Awo kz)mbeel bow.oua?Est-co quo la nourritureestJ)on march6?

5. Lamana djai-ma?Loa nipiuux, sont-ils short

Le mil a t6 ltemotto annOo ii y a oudonnd come ltanneo deriLon jeunen goon luttont domangor Wont pas cher. Covout porter dos habits nouLom,Foulanis sionrichintiont*

Roponloo_

Dizann kamyCost la sais n de rcicolto,,

2. ;?,-,xon, rnnc1ôtha kw)Oui, i. y a plus de ml quo

Dja'iroa bia blartohnathi.Len Jeunoa gorio lutten'fi_dovillago on

01)zn, omma kadjz,moa dj(lou.Oui, mais ion 4nbito son-IL

no. n, tdi dj olmo djnOui, Li sont 0-10 alo

Lo tompo dos rbcolton.Eos ot los hvip( Hucoup de mi-J, Lad oti68 p 10:;

o, Cto.3t lo benhoup. 011 3IMIIMA,village on villago', Tout a quiii y a do chor-sont los hahiAs. °boom)

-t boaux. Loa ontmaul; !lout ohm's.

41 I

46

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47

Kouasoto.-

Sala ass.mbi karandJan. Am soma, koudsotoa tamadjana.Tbara kada djawana. Aram RIgadjirambe sama nedjana. Rpungbtaraata n'gamdji. Kadjirienia frrarou demkadira. Yeymnitaia soro,koussotoraman kisaao. Eibudji fa/ fal oundoudjayayor0kalno, &want karikaIsoulO taa'rad tchoukouto brron. 'Nlgaotanbribouourou koura fal kikouto. Bawanio tandiro goroalmadjia.kaoudia dja1adja0.

%

Vooabulaire

assam oar8me - gloomy, slowkarantou 6,1approcher - to 'approach-koussoto etrangor'-:strangertaAia -,boule - drink made of milletaram - mil.- milletn'gadjiram roservoir en pot - stored in a oontainornetou --ocraser to crushgore - kola - a type of nutkaadji encens - incensekaoUca parfum porfumetaart9u - Staler - to display showroumgo -farina *flourfrrarou - chevalier - horseman-sore maison dIctranger guest housOboudji nptto -'grass matbdwani maratre - step-motherbawani pare - fatherkoutb apporter to bringdjawatou envoyor - to sond fnIgamtpu s6cher - to dry

Profonsour

Sala fi karondjo?Quollo to siapprooho-t-ollo?

2. Oundouyay$ awi t?n djo?Qu,c.9pdro chacu

Naran yeyani kousotoathakissao?Ou mon grand fr6re, a-trn-il

los otrangers?

ite A ti btwan1 tnndirotchoukouto. AQu-ont-co quo ma marsa apporto

5. Awl bawani djawadjao?Quo lour a onvoyo mon po o?

Etudlant

1. 8ala assamta karandjo.La fato de Ramadan s'approche.

2. Oundeuyay4 tloun o tzmadjo.Chacun osp6re-u ranger.

_

kounsotoracwi tandiakissao.Il los a dosoondus dans la-aison des 4trangers.

14, Taii"raa, bri houourou falatohoukoutO.

ur Elle lour n apporto do laboule et uno 4icuo1lo do ropas.

Kaoudia, goroa kaadjiadj wadjao tairo.'Il lour a onvoyo du ptavLu i,do la coin ot do l'onoons.

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Tridtlon

Les Etrangora

La ete du" amadan stapprocho. Tout lo xion10 esparo des ,A

4trangers% On a fait beaucdup de boule. Le Mil do reserveoat dcraso la farina oxposbo soche.

Le soir,quatro chevaliers sent. venus Mon grand frorolos a amenes dans la maison dos 6trangers. A chacun d'eumll a donné une matte. Ma marktro leur a mem; do la houlocome casse-icroato. AprAs elle lour a donn6 du ropas dansune grande 4cuollo. Mon pare lour a onvoyd do la cola, dolloncens et du parfum.

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DIALOGUE

As Estece quell ot lu. saloonde pluieIs it the rainy s

Oui, c'est le taison defpluio.Yes it i- the rainy season.

At rait-/AAA temps nature)chaud ou bien lo fraid?Is the OnathOr...h0

C'ept lo saison nature)cheude.It is the hot season.

_ saison -Chando quondCommonce-telle?When dons"the hot seasonCommence?

8 La saison ch3udu a commoncy n deux mois.

. --

Tho^:hot sonson.commenCndtwo months ago.

saison chaudo (wand-tormino-trello

When dont) tho hat seasonend?

Elle so torminern dans unmole.It ands 1K month.,

La ()ninon froido, quanda-t-ello comMoncd.Whon did tho cold nnoson.commonte?

Ella,

ticommonc6 Li y.n.un man.It commoncnd a month ago..

La oninon froldn, quand.no tormina-t-allu7Whop dono-thocold snnbonand?'

49

A: K

Di Elio no torminorn dane danX.mais.-It ondn in tLvopionthn.

As

b !lam a-b

dounin bd.

9g-th2 n'gnana kou'k ntaouIndi.

ho ynmbi tcheri?

Tchduro kantnou fnl-non

1

Yambi binam ha n'ganna7

Kantnou n h2.

As Yambi blnam tha tch

-Tchou o lndinnntchnr

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Present

yarakiyaramitahori

79.raTeyerawi,tahcfssori

1)ptsse

erakana inimba

_honana

yOiyena.Yorawatchsserana

fl

ITEM

finir to finish

Rrgacnitjnti.g.,1

yorakiwawo je ne finla pasyorambaotchoriwawo

pireiYArawoydr,wawotaheissdriwa-o

50

Pasao

y6rakanipramitcboinni

yiir1y4bnd4yerawitahesseranni

Futur_nc;gatif

.bari + precsont agatif. Ex bari yd'r ki a o,

at5.f

yore 1- finialriyo fintaconolPoo. Ilnissez1

tahero quiii-finissotahdos d quint) fin

5 I

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Presant

n4ghOki 'ent_n'gaamin'gal

.nlgaly6n'gawin'gaasal

--Passo

.nogaakana-filgaamba.

nigaana

'nrga:IyAanIgaouwan'gassaana

Futur

barl +.13

Futur nepat-___ 4-

enter,

'Prei2111ii2AL

n gaRiwnwo je riritrenigna,mbaoclIgawaw.oA

ri ycwawon'gaamEwon4gdosaillawo

suis er Pin entrdn qa n

n'galyennden'gaawl'gasskani

Exampio bari n'ga ki c,

bari prbsent negntif. 'Taamplo: bari h'gaokiwawo. cite.

Impratif

nigao - entrelnvgaiyo ontronalnigago ontre7.2intgao ontrnigaesao - clurviln entront .

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Ingui Bourroo.

Am laa koulondja tchanathana kentaountdja fal,Kou fatfOludama bad nigodjnjeria. KUamoua .samalcar6andia tChaAphznaDounia,n'ga tcholoum fatsk nara.yay tahswaldji. Keera'ggarodjikarat': telidjena kaska Boma lolodjali Kania-tehassiri. Ingulkouan!guassana. tame douno djouro nigardjana wayonia am bourreontchanathorithe komi.kcan. Bla saman oundbilyaye koulOndjeuAilrithou..

rdledjRni. .

Vocabulaire

am la un certain (poroonne ) - someonetohaloum - noir - blackfet)k - fonca ;- dark

.

tchaloum fatak - tout no r completely blacktohaptou ramassor - to pick uptchawadJi faire eclair - to lightningtchawaltou aclaLrkeera --'tonnerre - thunderguarton - gronder- roar, growllolotoU - trembler tremblentgartou frapper strika

Questiono_

AwloySdouniatha'kou?Quel tampsaujourd'hui.

Awi kamoua tchadiLesfaMmes, qui'fon -ellos

3. Awiey sam6 tha?'Comment est le ciel?

4. Awi kania tchadi?Les ohavres, quo font ls?

5. Awi oundouyayo tchidi n,gaoingt..41e.an?

Apres la pluie, quo faittout lo mondo?

Ipn3en1. Kou foufou guoou medji.Ii y aboauopup,do nuage_

2. Karo nfdja hap,tcbna.--Ellen ontramanu1èuroa efrairo

4.

sama tohaloum fatak.al o t tout noir.

Kania tchacniri.Les che'vres bolont.

5. Oundouyaye koulondjou dirithourolodjona.Tout lo monde est parti VisitorLion chaMp.

La Promi8roCortains'ont qozni lours champo 11 y a un_ moi diautroo-qw

joura. Aujoui'clThuS ii y a boaucoup do nuagon. Touton Ion folontramanab loupes affairon to oioi ost tout noir, 11,y a don,:45c1airs partout. Lo tonnorro grond6, la vont no Iove. LtGb..arbron Stant prosquo courbes. Lou chOvroo bolont, la pluio com-monco, coulo tr6o fort.- Lo lendomain toun coUx qui nlavaicpas come 1Z I'avanco semont Maintonant. Tout lo village ant parti'visitor oon ohamp. -

ti

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53

Fa ka.T re,TeluniJ'Ib( bar b.e)

Refou. Ccica_frIc4)

Kindjø-Ich ;d Che)

Talau.

Druou.cli.Tahou.ro°

Fero, rt

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u du pain? \',you any breadl

Or, en-ei un peu.Yes, I have a little.

Vast comhien cheociu7un?How much is ouch (broad)?

Vest troICal.ns chacqu'un. Li Gours u yak u.-They're thren dalaS euth. .

At Donnus 'en trois. (pains)Give me throe (broad)

A: Bourou. teem

n uana-tekann..

A: Court:ILL u7

A: Est-ee quIly a dos oouAro there any es?

II y a des. cou .There aro eggs.

Comb5.en nt-110.How much aro they?

Ils en sent trois pour . Si Yakou gour.Jououatro. delas.They're threu for fourdales.

Gour u

Naou nnou

J'onv u mast%want nine.

Bs Clest eleuewolve dolas.

t_nr

B:Courseu-ncounn irdInii,

Beni Voiei roent. A:Fino.,Here/ Money.

Es-tu 10 pessned.3ur decoschese0Are-these.tninga yop el

Dui, ju- suie in peeensaeur.Yea, they're :mind.

A: Cemb3n cst-oe en capot?HOw Much is tliat cop?

Nimaa kam-

hz.

ao ami4o?

Dn, ouma -koman djno.

C'est qufrizo doles., fl Gvursou mnu ouri.'I;17s ifteen dales.

Vest chlr. Jo payerni h: Djaou. Gaursou m unn yakounn.treizo.Thatls expensive. I°11pay thirteen.

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Achet-i3uy,i

-le pourfor fourt on

achoterai (Jou* pour.vingt-sept._ d las)-i

buytWo or twenty.-saiten'' dales

D 'accerd. .Payas*mtv.1).g. Pay-me,

Vocabu

Ind/ gOursau findl t aiwki.

medji ii y a thore is, thn'daou combien - how muchgoursou dalas - 5 franc coinn'guawal oeuf - eggnaou naou combion - how much-djewa Fula (capot)- ccpdjaou char - anponsivb %ma - soulomcnt (ajouto a un nombzeto - d'accord fino, o.k.biathou - payer - to pay=bourou - pain - broad

nly, added too ni bar

E-

Profeaseur;WM

F3ourou . medjia7guZwzi

datchinkar

0-ourou tnaa? Bourou takntilgowa;dotchinkafit

Dela tilo tila.indiyokeu,.doouauouarakou

56

Subs itut106.

-_'ont

nourou_ modgia?1i'ou3wal medgia7Dn mcdgia7Tclilnkafa modgia?

Ociurou tamTaa? flour utammna? N'QlJa

Do\tcmmao? Dachinkafa temmaa? Tchinka

Dulo tilo -ilo.Dula .indiDmIa yokoU yakou. .

Dula daou doou.; Dale ouou ouou, .

pala arakou 'arokou.

kzna.talcD6z;.

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SCUP

toizloaouskoulOarrritiou,

Etudiant'

lala toulour ,toulour.Dala ouskou.ouskou.-Dala lasr iaar.Dala mdou rrulou.

,ffm,

7a.kou dala arakOu.toutour

,ounkoulaprm4ou

indi.yakoudaouououarakoutoulourounkouizarmcou

unn tilonn rd ko .

miiounn indinnrai)m

moounn yakounntchzraomeou doriraaiy4mSou ouriraoum6ounn arakounntch.vamdou tbulouriMoou laari

5 7

A daliicou -10_4

tou dabdala

ou dala m4ou.

Ca till) 114.'Ka indi str.Ka yakou sd.Ka,daouCu ououKa arakouKA touloUrFa oupkouKa 1Jar-ao,,Ka lulon so.

arakou .

toulour.ouskou.

A_

Tidou indrna. rFAko.Meburin Indinn.razm...Viebunn .72akounn.rs'7,m.

.1.150uud'yakcutal-,tchz.,r4o.nSou,dari tch:v.ao.'M6ou-doriMtcou

'n6oli:ourirapu4-M6ounn 3rakounn raovMov.un, arakounft tchva.-kc:fou toulouri tohzra..

M6ou . izari.,tchzma.

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PrOnent

ra)ki j'araamitchDraa

raayaraZwitcharECI.

MBEkrao*, aiuorPrdsont

raakiwawo'raambaotch4ralwawo

raD54wawo_sabwawotehardiwatro

zo)

m 'aim pas kiraakokiravmkirao

kiraaykiraoukorao-

57

rakanarambatchzraana

rdiyonaraZwaAcharaena

Impc'ratif

rao aimos!aayo aimonslmoo nimoz !

tebaraoteharao quells

I

-on

Futur: bar It Exampla: ban razki

-bari prdisont

ronominsl'_

EljarakpnasDraamba _u m almos_dpranana 11 t.djarana - ha V ntdjardiyóna noti tT,LJruon s

sarwann ils nous aimentsarenada -_vous70U13 aimozs.praana m'alrrntwiaDyena nouS:nous aimons.tarawal Ils staiment

g..Examplot-

o4merai

bari razn'aimoral-pas

NAdaou razkon, ra9m

teh?rao-

raiyoraoutch7pra.

* krao

Combien

aussi le sons

almj-aimes-tu?aime-t-il?

aimons-hous?aimoz-vous?aimont-ils?

'vouloir "dds

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4.

5.6.7.

0UEL E

llo heure t-1171 est mne h urd.1 _ t une heure eine.

t uneest'une heure et:qua tst Line heure-vingt.st.unoMoura vingt inq.

.8. . 11 est une heure eedemi9. 11 est detix heures moins

vingt-cine.11 est deux h ure-x. mothsvingt.tl est deux hauros moinso.quart.

12. ri. -est deil* heures .oins13. Il est deux houres-moins14. Il est ,trols heures.

1

2

34

5

tileindiyekoudoeueueu

L7-'

-a 0.A-aoultilo:till; mint duoua.'

50 tile 'nintl .00ua.Sa tiAry.keuijSe tile mintiSatild mintl fndinouaumha.Se:t110-redna';'.Sa Indira Mint& findin' oukee6punnbae...Sa Indire.mtnti findt_bae.

findIa.

a indire ntt Imitate bee.

d x. Sa indire mintL móu bee..50 Indite mintt eueu bac).Se yaketi. 4

6 arakou7. tpuleur8- .euSkeu9, .1aar10 mr;o0

.

11 meeunn Wenn12 mrieunn indinn13 méounn yakounn14 m6ou deri15 mErou.,auri16 me7ounn arakeunn17- m6ey teuleuri181920 ,

3040'50_

6070'ao90100

meounneuskounnM4ouNndi

fId6oufiou--firakeuftteW.eurriskedfi1aptmia

,pd ya r IndI300 ya'r yakeu40t -yar deeu500 y)r eueub00700800900

1000

yar arakeuyar teuleur'yar ouskeuyar Iaerdeueu.

101 miAn Iduke tilenn250 yar indinn dieun251 y?r indinn fiounn

leuke Wenn66 dabounn yor laerninn

firaskeun leukearaskoynn---

euke-se.p15'ce teujeurs entre. lesdizaides et les unttlis.

5 9

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Balguao

Sobdoua.s wa andi sama tchouro mote: .:deouzn San FranciscoIan tchidlyer. ,Asilomaipat,qu'sa indi n'gao leeyd. OjaourpkOlanganiena tchouro bacineen. Wodjanat dadatou dada die tchin!guien. N'gaotan b1ath niniey. Bleguaro-n'de,atho'dpourokadji. N'kangal damn. bao. -Awo.andi.raaydha kdnan. nla kadjiriwalgueye.- Oundouyaye tChinbarana.

Vocabulaire

bla uaro voyage - triptch (aye nous avons quittemota voiture - automobilekalanganiena - nous nous sommesdadatou . se promener - to takeninitou visitor - to visitn'kangal soleil - sunrao aimer (sons "vouloirtchinbarana fatigue ti

left

amusps we had- a good timea walk

Nara sabdo-ua-Ideye?00 aommes'nous.alles

Moto.naoye-tchouron 106ye?Nous aommes partis dans_combien d'autos7

Comment falt41 le temps.?

andayi oundouyaye.weltienathen?Comment va tout le monau-rOtour?

Biassa22Asilomaro leeye.Nous somas ones a Asilomar.

Mote deouo tchouro leeye.Nobs sornmes partis dana-quatre autos.

yiw.n'glaIl a fait beau.:

Oundouy ye tchimbar na. .

gust,

rredUction. Un VoYage.

SOmedi.matift,nous aVon6 quittCSan Francisco den qua re.:natures. On est arrive 6.Asirdmar apras deuk heUres'do route..4ous.naus sommas beaucoup,smuses dans la nuit. to lendem,,in nousIOUs aoMmes proman6s'au-bard de.lgeau. -Apras, on a vi-site laOtre yavage a otli tr4d bon. 11 y a su heaucoup de -salon. C'est41...Aud nous voulions. Vers 10 soir on nt retpurnS. Tout le monde)stfatigue.

.6 0

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Dargui tchldig bar'.toulourninn ladji.

2(. kou kadjiri

3. car

4. _fluioUninn

koussoton do

arina

rgui n-_gui6ngd4

8. kaauas u dam-

9.1.dargui asmaeni

. sawani,

ymkouninn.

12 kou_dawar

3. banl

14. bars aawa

.15. knu sawa

16. yahl (ymy ni)

17. ldeno

10. kanani

19

20.

21.

-22.

23.

24.

25.

ui tchidietouiourninn led-Dargui tchidal kou 1sa toulournina ledji.Car kou kadjiri an touladji.

4. _Cat kou kadjiri sa meounlbnledji.

5. Nouspotoh°du kou kadjiri san4oun4.nn ladji;

6. Kuu59o1onod6 latarina anmdouninn

7. Dargui n'gui6n°d4 latarina pamsouninn lndjl.

6. Wrgui.n'guidn'dd latrinakaoussou daou ladjl.

9. DZrgui samsani /atarinakaousadu Oaou ledji.

10. Sawani iDtZrina kaoussou daouludj1..

Saurani 1Ztarina sa yakuuninnludji.

durninn

muounn tiloninn

bika'kadjiii

yayanikamou

bikando

kanani kamou

dzirzzau

yani

6

2

14.

15.

Sumoni kou *mar as ynkouninn

ynkouninnludji.

yagouninnladji.

Oani yakounina-loztji.

sa

0uni

Boni

kou d-owar

.bar _20a

SZI

Sri

kou

16. Yani (yaYanakcu sviayoNouninn ludji.

17. Yen/ (Yawn koukouninn

15. Kanani kou. ua sa'ens.

19. .Q.Insni,kou_sztwa aatiluninn 16eno.-

20. Kanani bika kadjirA.tilvnInm jderia.

21. livoraJcamou- bika kama-Dunn. t1loninn

22. Yayani kamou bikendo s:

meounn tiloninn:14'uno.23. Atanani. 7amau bikando sa

Ltilaninn 16ono.24 -Kanani kam00 Oikando pa,

dapizottAdano.Nani bikando d-arztarloonn.

I -'4-M!!! Unn

1 aa

nrtJnn

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61

tasittalaLs-kaousso0 daou midi ...noondarzgou-'.. minuit midnightbari domain ... tomorrow .

kou-kadjiti ce'boir this eveningkou sawa ca rutin - this-morning.,_bound - nuit night .

,dou-dawar,.. cat'aprbs-midi thiakouasoto hfte guoatOrgui n'gule ...bateau bo

-_,PaMeL!! aMi a. friendba pore - fathery8 motherye, yaya from (grand)big (older) brothoKona frere (petit)--littla (younger) brotheya kamou sopur (grandee) big (older) sist.kana-kamou scour (patita) -.little (youngedargui tthidi4 train'- traindatgui swot; avian - airplane!Aka kadjiri - bier soir yesterday evoningbikando aVant.-hier daybefore-yostorday_ .

sa heure hourcar autobus busbati-eawa domain matin to;nor_ w morning

4567

tiloindiyakou&eau'ououarakoutoulour

8 ouskou9 laar

710 mdou11 mdpunn'tilom13 mounn indinn

arin lundiape, mardi

alarawa mercradilaminsou Judidjama vendredisabdou samediladou dimancha

N

tt

0

Ajoute7 -11, pour indiquer l'heuro prciso. Example: J.:nonAdd "-n"-to indicate the exact timo.. une houro exacto.Ajoutez, de plus, "-inn" Ootir indiquor unu hour° do partir.

Examplet toulourninn partir a selA houre3.In addition, add, n-inn to indicate en exact hour or dopar ure.-Ajoutoz *-a" au Jour pour indiquer uno partio do fair.Obligatoire quaod on indique uno hear° exacts pandant,la j urnoe.

Add "-a" to the_name of the day to indicate a part of that day.Nbcossary-whan indicatino an exact timo during the day.

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F.Presentfl,

oums daakonida daam.tima daa-

,andima dzaiyenaimataina dassai

-

Intarogatif

narann kzrr-eko7" kZrr-am7

kerr-a7 car habita-il

korr-ayekerr-aoukassarr-a

daakiwawdzambawodcleiwawe

-duaYewawodbawawodansalwawo

'n athan kaarr-ako-n lcuirr-am'

kaarp-a

'habi ici lhe lieu)

dzekenti.dvambadaena

daayenadzawadaana

dpakDni;,ftammi.daanni

daaiyennde_-darlwi

deani

pas heblto

Futur

dpeki -j'habd3amidaci

deaye-deawi.daaye

fduoumann daakiwawo ja nuhebiteraidommbawo pasdzaiwawo

dadlyewewodaewewodassalwawo

fouou (devent Mann - memefoueumann

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WO champ øt. le jQflhWhich field is yours?

2. Qual champ est le vet.Which"fiold io yeurs

Ko6lo.l(Oulb

f4. 4 b-namb01,-thw,kanamba?

kazndoo?eth-kaondoa?'

'Qual champ t. lo sien?Jhich flold is hi hots

Q001 chaMp-est 10 ,eur?Which field is theirs?

Quela capats sont leaIghich caps are Yours?.

ens

k -_ncijou07:.1<oulo, oLii koZndjoua?

KouloKoplo

fi kaDndjeo?ath.-klx.),ndja?-

1.. Djawas nears .1(abnmbe?Djawea ,rath i6Dnaqa)a?.

Quels capots sont los votres? 2. Djamaa-fisso kazndbo?Which caps are.yours? Djawaa athB z-ndom?

QUO1G capots sont los skOno? 3. Djawaa fisso kaznd ouo!dhich caps are hi here DjaWse athD ka?ndoa?

Quels capo;Mich cdps

sont les lours? 4. Djawae fissoAcazndjao?theii.s? Djawaa att.* kaDndja?

Quel capot oat d'Abdou?WhIch cep 5.s AbducS?

Quel capot est de kutia7,Which 'Cap ie Y-kuba S?

-Quol capot bat de Bakari?'Which-cap is,BakarPs?-

D.Muels-champs sont,d7Abdouet'de Fatoe7WhiCh fioldS are. Abdu andFatu3-?.

QueIS .ch-?Ames sant du atou 2.at de BakariWhich-fields are.Fa u andBakaril.s?

Quels champs .sent de, 0et de, Illapan?Which .fields are Bakri a d..Miamian is?

fi "Abd uyti.o?.

,Dja

Djawa hi Bokariayeo?

6 4

Koul a hisso Abdoua atoua4o?

Koti1oa.

atoua Bar iey6o?

o Bakaria Mamanayeo?

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Qual villageWhat-Vlilage,

.Quel tillngEi

.What village

Quell -villageWhat village

habito tudo you live in

habitez-vous?do you live in?

habite-il?does he sho

Bla finn,karr--

4 Quel villageWhat village

habitent-ilsdo they live

Quels vIllagen habit sa-tu?What villages do you live in?

.

2.. Quols villages habitez-veus?,..What.villages.40 You, 'live ,.in?

,3. 'Olgel.s villages habite.41?.What villages does he- shelive in?'

4,0 Quola yillages habitentils?,yhat villages do they,: liVe in?

Blaa fisson ka

isson karr

Blaa fis

Blaa -A?

1. Quel villa habit° -Amina?. 1,,Bla finaAmina-k-a.What village-doess- Amina liV in?

' 2. Quel village. habit° Yakubd?

o

2. Bla finrYà1rnba. k -a?What village does vakuba live ,in?

Qu 1 village habit° Bake. i? 3. BiafinnBakari k --?what village daes Bakari'liv in?

1. Quols villages habi. et Amina?What villages do Fa u andAmina live in?

t Fatu 1. Blaa fiss n a oua Aminaakassarr-a?

2. Quele villages habitenAmina et Bakari?What villages do AmaBakari live in?

Quels villages habit6nt'Mamanaet Yalcuba? .

Mhatvvillages. dee Maman andYakitim live. in't

1. Ceei es . .

n.-

2. 51aa fisson Axiiinaa Bakariagascarr-a?

Blaa fisson Mamana Ya :baakassarr-a?

A h kake'.

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Cool eat. le .leur.,This.is theits..

Ceci est loThis is his/hers.

eci--est s17.Amadoui.hte- is Amadeu' e.

Ceciest d'Ari.-This is Art's

.Coci est de Sani

'Atha kaandJa.

Atha ksahdjou..

A h Amadouyd.

AthWriyJ. .

Atha Saniy4.

Ceux le s nt d°Amadou e

-65

Ani Amadeu-a-A

Those are Amadou and ar

Ceux-la sant d'Ati -tdo SanieThose are Art and Seni'-

,Ceux-16.-sont do Sani.vt.'de Maded.Those are Sani and .01adou

Eat-co cot onfant 09- le

Is thIs child, 'yours?...a.

2. Estce cet -enfant est leleur7is this"child theirs.

Est-ce cot enfant eststen?Is thiS child his rs?

ontEst-ce ces enfantsles siens?Are these children h hers?

Est-ce ces enfants sentlee' laurel?Ara these children theirs?

6. Est-cs eel enfants spa'les-vares?Are:those children yours?

Ya.

rAni Arik S niaye.

Ani Sania Modeueyo:

Tathu atha.kaapdjaa7

Tathe ath- kaandj ue?

4 Tathas anj kaandjeue?

Tathee in ka nd

Tathea ant kaandoe

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Ce ta elleIs th s,arrow you s?'

Cette fleche, est ellIs this:arroW yours?:

e fle"che est ellthis:arrow-hi-0

te ?ladle, est-ellesAhiS,errow theirs?

Kaniou sthzkaanimba?Athe kaniounamba?

nt-ell-mienne0 .

Are these errews mine?'

Ces flaches sont-ellesles natres?Are these quows

Crsib fl

Are-these-a

Ces flilchessiennes?

:Are these

ches

yours?

soflt.welies les

owe -theirs?

pont-elles. los

his/he s?

ur?

Kanieu atha keandop?Atha kanioun'dpa?

Kaniou 'atha kendJouAtha.kaniburiodjaba?

1<nioiJ atha kaandjea?Atha kaniounvdjaa?

oue ani,kekele?Ant kaniouenie?

Kan oua anI kenda?Ani kaniouan deo?

Kanioue ani -kaandjaaAni-kaniouantWjeal

Kanioua ani kaandAni kaniouanidjou

ous??

6 7

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questIen1

kakeakaarOmbakaindjona

ka2nd4aimOndea .

kaandiaa

le ridle ti en?le sien?

le notro?est-oe le, votre?'est-oe le lenrf?

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DIA OGUE

A: A qui est ce viande?Whose meat in it?

B: C'est la viand° de MaMan.It Litman's moat.

A: A qui oat cetto maison?Whose house is it?

B: Elle est sa maison.It's hia house.

A: A qui. oat,celivre?Whose book 16 it.

B: Clobt lo mion.It's mino.

A:_ A qut. ot oo a gont?WhoSixm ney is, it?

B: West .le lour.It's theirs,

A: Oundou_ daatW

Daath mane

A: Oundoue faatha?

Athe fanldjou.

k eA: Oundouo i u th

B:

A:Oundou

B:

rA: -co lo chion do dou? A: KrI Nadouon?t Nndouls dog?

n, co nlest pas son chipil. B: __I k andjouni.**t isn't his dog.

A: Est-co lo choyal d'Abdou?-Is it AbduJs horse?

B: Non, cc n'ost pus oncheval.Ito, it imi't his houso.

A: Frr AbdouL?

,B: imn, frr ka ndj-

A:'Ent.,co le village do Fa ,ou A: Bin Vatoua Aminaot,.d'Amina?in ')it Fntou'und Amina WitoutitaQ

Villago?

B: OuilY03, itln,

A: Est-,a 10of; do Oalcurk'Is it Abaou no(ricis7

Oui, c/on; IoiixYou, . rico.

-0 Lni1qut lo

11: -J;AT blu 1criu1c1.Ia.

A: Abd ;dun 1 e:a?

gurrix i.L_ in _quo LIA

9

6:1

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A: Es-- .aussi la maisonda Maman?.In it 4so,Mamanis. house?

B: Went &-;latan.aussi.It'Salso Mamanls.

A: Est-to aussi la vaQho doBakari?Is it also Bakarils

B: Q'est a Bakari ausni.It's also Bakari's.

A: Est-ce tonlAlierTIs it your ram?

,.13: Non, c'ost'Fatou,No, jts Fatuls.

E_tIs

&E) son onfnnt?t hs child?

B: Non, t".0No, it's Abduts.

Ent-to 1 'sion?is it

4

B: do nlost pas ti'Ms_ n.It's not Mamsn's.

A: Ent-co 10 ric;.tro?Is lt ours?

A: Fazzo MamanSatig?

.1B: Mamano, tio .

A: Ft; liaka

B: Bakariael04

'A:Nlgualarommbaa?

B: Drone Fatouc ti.

A; T -han _ oua?

B: npn, Atidouo_

At KazndjoUa?

Ti maii

ando

B: Co !I/0st pas Yfficuba. 13: Ti Yakuba6niIt not Yakuba

Vocabulairo

th? - co th sth - 10, la thinthn

69

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, 70

DIALO0UE

A: Quel age a Patou?How old i Patu?

B: Elle a dix..huit ans.She's eighteen.

Ai Est-ello plua vieilloqu'Amina?In sho older than Amina?

B: Non, elle est plus jaunoqu'Aminn.No, shots younger tThn Amina.

A: FatouAral=In Fa u youngor than Amine

B: Don, est plus vioux qulAmina.B:anan,No, he is oldor thad Amina.

A:1CBrOou PatouS naou?.

B: nraou n'djou inounn oukoun,

A: Aminaa nan kiarin kodjinaa?

B:pnpn, 0 n1

plus jouno quo A. atou Ami aaroa ntguando?

'A: Eft;,-tu plus Iriou7 qu'oux?Aro you older U1-- thoy?

5: Non, jo nniE plus jounequ'oux.No, I'm youngor than thoy.

n mnro kourao.

A: Taidia haroun ka mbaa?

Bt ou taimnro n'guanao.

A: Combian d'enCants y- A: Djuuria naou tohouro&iris votre tamILle? ngdopn? (fando)Row many chilUron aro tEloroin yourTamily?

Bt F. y a quatrt: ei'untc dano Bt Taiwuro fundan djnotro famillo.Thoro aro four ohildron inour faini 3 y.

A /Etos-vo-- l'ains?Aro you 1 hc oldbat?

Non, jo liuln lo eadot.No, I'm tho yoUniNtit.

A: Nima houran 'dj

doou.

1 oumn nIguannn'djao.

A: Owl ao ont Namnn ot V toil? A: flaw_How old nro Marian and iutu 7

11:I i ont Lk'

TiloY'ro thirty.

A: C1111 au-T

'11(ra old /Ivo yot

7 1.

en?

II: I f

c- u- °din

In fiakon.

A: un?m nnou?

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A: J'a quinze ans.I'm fIfteen.

- -2- 71

meou'ouri.

A: Bakari, ast-il aussi vieux A: Bakaria Y aammital kala?quIYakUbaT'Is:Bakari as o Yakuba?

Non, il n'est pas sI vieux B: n n Yakubayaye tehathOni.qu'Yakuba.No, he isn't:as oldYakuba.

A: Est-il le cadet?In he the Youngs t?

a:.Oui.%ins.

Est- 1 aussi n -que.Fa ou?is he aayoung a -atu

*

B: Oui, j1 est 111133i B:-uno que Fatouayayo.Fatoti.:,Ycla, he's as young:as Fatu.

A: Timaa nIgtOnao?

A: Tia n'suna Fatdua:

A: ES-tu aussi joune qu'Amina? A: NI n'gu a A inayaya?Aro you as-yqung as Amina?

Non, Jo 'Ai) nulskpas 31 Jouno B: an, ou:tiyayani.-qu'olle.

iNo, I'm not an young'as she.

A: En-tu aussi vieux quo Baka A: Hi klan Bakaria Abdouaynya?-et-Abdou?Aro you am old as BakarJ, andAbdu?

'.B: Oui, Jo suis aunni vloux qu'eux.B: n, outaIyayeYon, I'm as old as tIloy.

Vocabulairo

kDrou ur - agekoura grn igt;) oldkinr1 vluux -txtruar putit (jonno)- youtr.n'ru nut - petit (Jounc) youngflan 4 p - mono- maro - qt (nuffixo intorrogativo) - than (qun tl oii suffi=)

famIllo hounohoid- yayti - quo (ouffixo lutorrogativo) - an (quontIon ffix)-ynyo - quo (auffixe afrirmlit,Ive) - am (affirmative suffix)djama famillo - family- no - quo (Auffixo affirmativa) - than (affirmativo suffix)

7 2

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Exorciee do

Profossoure

Bakarid'naou?MamandAbdoueAminaa,kzrzounamkareouhldjoul*raoun,do

'dJa

Icaraou Abdouer findi-fiakoumEfou? t ulourifidooufiou

Karaouni md'oUm6ouna tilonnkvounldjoumoounn arakounnkpraoun'ddmdou ourikaraomn'domdbu derikaroounidjamoou laari

Bakari Aminamaroa kourao?*Fatoumaroa

YakubamaroaMadoumaroa

Bakaria _minaroa kourao?**FatouroaYakubaroaMadouroa

Ni oumaroa tnguarlo.timaroaandimaroatandlmaroatlkouraoanditimaroutandi

illiacar_Anrmaroalcourao?* Oakaria Aminaroa kourao.

4 723ubtltution

Etudiant

JCau Bakario.na6u?K.Pr?oll Mamane naouTK-2,rpou Abdcalo_naou?.KarPou Aminao naou?,Kn-Jounamnaou?KarPounodjou naou?

Icaraounido naou?_K rpoun!dja naou?

Hzraou Abdou6 indi.Kar.Pou Abdoud fialcou.-r(rdou Al?dou6 rnOQU toulori.'Draou Abdoud fiddOU:K raou Abdouerfiou'.

ounl 11160U0 .Kn,jiouni mdounn tilonn.K raounldjou mdounn tilonn..10raoun'djoa mdounn arakounn.K oun:dd mdounn arakounn.K;4.doun'dd mdou ouri.Kzrxmn,do mdou ouri.Naraoun,do m6ou dori.,Karxmnfdja m6ou dori.Karaounfdja mdou laari.

Baka..i Aminamaroa kourao?Bakari Fatoumarod kourao?Bakari Yakubamaroa Uourao?Bakari'Madoumaroa kOurao?'

aaka ia Aminaroa kourao?Bakarla Fatouroa kourao?Bakarla. Yakubaroa kourao?Bakaria Madouroa kourao?

Ni oumarot -*nguarNi timaroa t3nguar1Ni andimaroa twIguorlo?Ni tandimaroa tnngtrorio?Ti tandimaroa tanguDrio?.Ti tandimaroa kourao?Andi tandimaroa kourao?Andi.tamiroa kourao?Tandi timaroa kourao?

Bakari t plum ag :u0 ina?

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Froresseur

ouro,tanguario.ro

andirotikouraotandi

Nimaa-yaya kouramao?tmaaoumaaGuma yaya kouraotimanimaAbdoumaYakubama

Bacari kouraFatouyayeouyayeniyayetiyaypandiyay0tandiynyo.nandiyayenitanguilriandi

ayayo.

Bakari tangulaii Aminayayni.ouyayplinitiandiyayzniniyayanikouranandlypyantandi

73

Etudiaat

Ni uro tnguorio.Ni tlro ingurioNI andiro tzngurio.Ti, andiro twIguw05.0.Ti andiro kourao.Tand1andiro kourao.

hiMao yya kpuramao?Timaa yz.y& kouramao?Oumaa yaya kouramao?Ouma Iz7is.1cour,ao.Tima yaya kourao.Nima yaya kourao.Abdouma yaya koura0.

:Yakobama yrya kourao.

Daicuri kourn Amis_nyayo.Bul:ar koora Fatouyayo.Baka koura ouyayc.'Bakari.koura niyayo.Bakari kour4 tiyayc.Bakari koura andlyayo.Bakari koura:tandiyayoBnkari koura nandiyuo.Ni koura nandlyayo.Ni ta.ngo?.ri nglidiyayo.

-Andi irL nandiyaycl.

Bakari n-autari Aminnyaypai.Bakari tD4Iguari ouyayani.Ni tangu)r1 ouyayani.Ti t11,6gU,?r1 ouyayani._Ti ti.Nngo7)ri andiyayani.,TJ .jcznuwi niyayani.12-.;,.kouva niyayni.T1 koura nandiyayxii.Tana koura nandiyayni.

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N' dJouzla Klangadja1.

Amadou- Aria3 ania, Maaoua kola klanga tchadi yora. .Baridjawd. tcherinnia, tehinna fathasanissoara tchapkaathar,Bour-onn dokor tchado. Yal sania Amadoua kan'djin,dja Lila.Ari dol, amma Madan bar1i. Aimalma. Kamm, Gann- kamadjouhkaudjnatha tchawandi. Nan bZrli Amadou6 athan,gassama tluIThdjao. Dokordnn nfgaa,guaratharam tohado. Foullara guanaked-annia. Tal sama kdssambaro K1anga t rathan. Oundouyafantdjaro iden6.

Vocabulaire

klan;s.atou . jouor playklanga le jou,. gamebri repas - mealdokor - claaho-piad ham, catchnonsa camp - team (side, in game)nossanfdja tilo la mGme eats - the a-karildjinodja tilo la mgme et - thedol rapido fapt

- lent - sloW.gratouarem - cache ache hido-and-scoundou nldjayay4 chaoun each onetaratha est dispora6 -,it is dispernadwaldjana - 113 sant rotournen they.roturn d

o in a gam))side n a game)

Profasseur

Naran nidjouriutha tohapkw_ara?On so raUnissont las onfant37

Klanga fia born tahado?gaol out lo promior jou?

ni bDrlia?Est-co qulAri ont lent?

Klanga flu n tehado?Quol o-t lo 3ocondo lou?

fl 'djourinth taha UGMklanga teharanathLon onfontn uont-apron loura joux?

Etu _AJU1

Tohinu sandian tchapkatara.Ils so rouniosonD dovant lamainon de Sani.

2. 'Mugu brooAh7i do1cor.promior jou ov,t eloeba-piad.

Ari dol, Nadal]. bbrlio.Axil ant rapid, Madou

tont.

74.

WOoth.on gratoun;c1-mdo.-0.eux1crou

(wl.oho.u on% eacho-

o0;7,yn, cuctiairibaoUndou fan( aioOui, 11a- &lent fatigu

.

ohaourt rotounit chez lui.

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Traddttion

o Enfants Jouont.

75

Amadou, Arlo Sani-ot Hadou ont dit qu'ilo vont. jouo.rau ourdthui. Lour ropas tormin4, ils so rcunissont devant laporte de la maison,do Sani. Dtabord ili ont.jouóSani et Amadou pont de Mtme camp.. MaisAriost ragdo, Madou-est. lopt. ca,no fait rien. 'Cleataui 411:0_ a la chance va-Lagner.Malgre-aa pa1'esso1dfAmadou42s'sdnt gaznas Apres lo cloche-.pied, ils ont Jou° caohe-oacho.- Apre's 1 "falai-an un momenttous taiont fatlgu63. Le jou a.pris fin. Chacun part chez lui.

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.76

Abdou kassouoUr

Taman: Abdou n6ra 1enami7

Abdou: KaE:sououro

Maman: Kassouounn bi youpumi?

AbdouA KadjZmou youtuki.

Mamani Tassou ndjzk

Abdou: Awiso rnam7

maman:--Ou c an e, k 1 houn, wandea, sounoa, dj

Abdou: Abim k oun,)mbo y kioumbaa?

0.

M4 n: Kounqu non! quamama. Yea; ti_ o guv Ojea, djona

ka11awii youl:sudjo.

Abdou: OU3S6'. Alian clewann ndjouotitho.

Vocabuloro*

gumnd robo <pour femaw - Orea (weman )

.gumndjo Jou. -vOtomont homme.1.,undsruner (montasSou une commission a commlssion, requestkalthou kpurn ()rood bouboU-(roba Whomme) --boubou men46 dres_kadjemou -v8tement (homme ou femme ) . clothing (menus or women°wando,- enntaion (hommc) - panti- m n'e)

soUnn chaun_, ro - shoesdjen6 pPon6. partio de in jupe femme win's

kellami mouchoir a Id totoCjatua benne;,(h'omme) - iin1s ha14e1'hou Inquiye bouhoti contre plu

TrnductinaFAZM--7-117dou, a, ra p-to?,

Andel:: Jo veis gu w]rOhn..'(Inman: Au morello? QuNInch_tAbdou: Joechi)to v3tomont5.Toman: Puls-jo tu comm1a3.konor7Abdou: Quuect-co quo tuMoman: _our noi-miima, (lit pour mn

030n heubeu ,7Jt Oun pnW6r.lonat (Pun bonnot.

Abdoui Tu no vein( rion.nchn6lrMeman: J'ai puu d'argent. cot.n i1 fria 1jj nmnno

robn, un puena ot uh meuchuir. %

ta

ko-_hipf

part ofskit'

ctomun's heed

Ei-incou.

t&tel-m md°6no pa

ammo?

-a1 boseloro do chaw-...suPG

Abdou: Merci. Quo lu bon &Lou tu,ramono uno bonno nanLe.,7 7

une

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F6'anam naau? auFda n'daou t a?*frrakarimaakoulakaniadimia

dimion'djaufrran'djouban' djau:--

-kartMaan'djau

karimoan'djakoulan'dja*anianldjadimian',dja

roanam naou mande?frranDm-karimoanamkarimoan0dokouiangdokanian'dodimian'dodimian'doflfrangdo

frranadokanian'dokanianikoulanikarimoanifrrani

771Exorcica de substitution

Etudiant

Foanz'm nano? Fdn n'daou _Au?

Frranam naou? Frra Oda= mia?Karl.monnamnaou?,.Karimoa n'daou tamin?Kouianam 'naou? youio Odaou tamia?Kaniar*Mndou? Kania n'dapu tamia?Dimianam,nno0 Dimia n'daou tamie

Dimian'djou nnou?Frron'djou naou?Foan'djou naou?Karippan'djou nnou

Karimoan'dja naou?Kauian'dja naou?kanianldja naou?N.mian'dja nnou?

Dimia n'daou tdia?Frra n'daou tala?F6a npdaou taaa?-_Karimna nodaou

Karimoa n'daou tchassaI.?Kouia nedaou tohossala?Kania n'dapu tchasseleDimia ncdaatitc-assaIe?

Foanam noou nde7Frranam naou mwidd?Karimoannm naou wanda?Karumoan'donaou mand6?Kouiancdo naou mandd?Kanian0do nnou mandd?Dimianddo naou mand0Dimian'd0 naou roZnd6?Fean'des.naeUomend6?Frran'da napu mand6?Kaninneda naoU mzndd?Kaniani naou mwid6?Koulani naou rw)do? ,

Karimoani naou mz)nd6?Frrani naou-mandó?

Koula a0daoumina?frrakarimoakoala'kaniadimiatalaf6afrrakori

tawia bai. Kouin n'danu towia barimIna

Frra nodapu tawia barimina?Karimon n'Oaou tawio bnrimina?Kouin n'daou tawin barimina?Karlin nodaou tawia borimineDimia n'dociu tawia borimioa?Oimia n'doou tala-barimina?Foa n'doou tdlo borimineFrra n'dnou talc) burimino?Karlmtla P'dhou tram barimina?

*NÔtoZ. Cos (faux phras -t lo sons dp "Combien do vachos tu?"

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Peani.avaRou.toulourouskouf6antd4laarMOQU-karimoan'd ouyakououou-kouinn'djadElou

indi

KourS kaniani arakoU.. ddououskoudimian,dokitaou1Zarmtiou

-

Bari karimoa arakou taki.,yaRouJudi,tayedimiatOulourtalkaniaououtchassa%f4aarakou

Pea arakounia toulourtoblournin ouskouourkounia lzar

idina

frratami

akoudooW 1Auôutilonia

VocabulairoITUTTIU-:77hamonu camolkoui poulot chickonRani - chovro goatdimi moutpn nhoopnidaou combiop,- ho, ny.

Etudiant

Fopni arakou.Feani toulour.Feani ouskou.Fdan'dd ouskou.F.Anrdliaar.F4an'd&JM4Ou.-KarrMan'djoUKarimoantdjouKarimOunidjouKouk4i4fdla OWOU.KoVen.4djaKoilian/dja indi.

MQ0U4yakou.OUQU.

Kclur4 kaniani arakou.Kourd kaniani d6ou.Kouré kaniani ouskou.Kouró dimianldoouskou.Kouvvd dimianIdo ouskou kitaou.

dimianido Dar kitaou.Koure dimianIdo-meouIcitaou.

Bari kar_moa arakou taki.Bari karimoa yakou tnki.13ai indiBariBariBari

. BariBariBari

, BariBariBari

karimoa indi tayetdimia indi taye.dimia toulour taydimia toulour tal.kania toulour tal.kunia ououIcania ouou tchassal.fda ouou teciassal.fda arakein tchansal.

Pcla aralc9ilnia toulbur tayo:APda tomlOUrnin otinkou tnyo.Fcra ousRounia 1Zar tayd%Frrn ouskounin 'Dar tayd:Fi,ra ouokounia 1Dar bami.Frra indlnia ynlcou-rya doounla ouou tami.Frra tIlonia Indl taml.

mand - ann6o pianacIO,barimina annoo prokourd - avant - bofo-nin 0

7

1ait youraino - fl(jt your

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Preuant

takitamital

taydtawitchassa1

Verbo

kanta avoir havePresent neg._ , =

takiwawo je nlai pdstamiwawotalwawo

taydimwotawiwawotchassalwawo-

,

Passe

takanatammatana

tayanatawatehazana

'al eu

kourn takanatamma'tang.

tayenatawa

.

tehazanna

.kotamtakitayekitaoukisaou

talcamtammitannitayonndetawitchazanni

!kouren takni

11 tammitanni

tayenndotawitchazanni

pas eu

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A? Ouo eiwoos-t,, dans .tes eh;.4.los?

what aro you sowing ;.n yc.urfleldt?

: do seine J? filLI et leI sow miUst and maj.:...n.

A: Ouand 00:11)F.tU Ion arachides?When sr-e 'clu going to souocanu1S7'

8: de:les suonroi 10 moisI'll sow thorn ne'*4t,manth,

A: Semes-to bouucow:, Do you sow much oilint?

0: -Non, Jo snop.un peu doNe, I SOM a- little millet..

qut planto-il rft(111 enomp?

What cJo13r 8okarihis 'field')

pinntu les gnamas ot £1. semeles melons.He plants yams aild sows mclons.

A: &rand plonto-LI los lonaue?I.Jhon oIll he plont yomn?

8: it Ins plantori In moi-; prochHoull plant them :ILIA: mo17th.

As-tw pinnto los ignom:-, ets?,me lea mnlons?Ham ou ploned yam: anb

'

own molon0

Ouiv nl pinint6:;wasYcv;:, t pIont Mao inst mohth

A: P3, onl:,46-tu d-1(117Do you pinnt n f'rm Nfrf-ol?

-.: Nor jo OnW:o 6c.n1Joouput o somo

lut LJ yflu: 7fl1 1,mWzn

A: '11:.,-tu ;;rni:Nirififi et do oil?.

-1111"Y"11-0'1;l1lci..?81 Dui, noWs uvuna pow: lo moti: Wow,

we solitud lnst inorth. P

80

A: 'IA if0fi1nonm'nathiqui7

8: Arramb'e n'owonll mosiormla

A: Y.1mbi. koldji natheoi?

m.8: K:y;otacu rot rouyonn nothAi.

A: Art.om n qboui nath?.mi?

8: ini tr,7m guanama

Af WrAy6rft obi kon4dkocktohl?

8:,Dangan kocktohra oilon-ntcl.nuthiu

A: Imbi Osngsrttha'kocktohi?

8: ,nnot?.ou fououAn1',OcktoM.

A: D7iognr1 konquamtaa,Winn.o notzmboa?

knrtuou kedj:,)hath;onknnon';,k;ino.

r P J oridjmuwEinkonnuom?

kodl knnr;naki.wnsonrmi

-rr-ouolho koldjin, tol.hmbno?

Zh-r)011, A;aintuou kodjdnottwinr4d:h7)V0.141.

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Vo Calm-

kanntaoufououennkassouni semkanntaou UodjapathOnn - mots pass - last monthkodjpna .- pan 6 '_asttllon -.un, u_ - atilon djourn Juj eul (soul ent)koldji zixajhido peanut

f enthdovan

so_boforo

-Exercice -

1. 'Pal aide AbdU.4i- cultiv -na goIlhalped AINIU -Cultivate his farm.

sent dans le Iwo.C-in the park.

s vacheaT a ,eows a

. TO pa1'm -tail

de ain.omcrrOW.

tot.!cng to you,

a pHs un eerlso u.caught a crow.

'Abduen banoo

tru t unoma13on

Donnos-rnoi un cola .

Oive',mo a cola.

Lo mod4ein mts va ane.Th- doctor:vaccinated ne

9. La. Vs1160 ant daVAnt ti. .

The. Italie

10. Ton puit oat pr gond.yeur. woll in doep.

ProconnolL,

Abdou-As-tu

hanaembon?lo Abdool

Narann foath1n't len vachoa?

Oundou-ro Manwoli..A gni par ea..tur

A 1. Abdeu-ro- bare banakria .

2. FSth_ tchouro barienn.

3,. balaro diki.

4, iro manc1j>ki0

Maman nsgao ngodjr3a,,

Abdou core to lostch,DjanndZna.

Ouro gore gal sada'.

Locator wa r

gonouna,

BWr.ym-me- cbu o

Etudian'e;_

Abdou-po banbliz,'ai aide7 Abdku.

Youth. ouro harjcnn,Los V ILCtiO U sont daub lo

,Maman-na manaz,kl"Jo pario (Plklamau.

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Ahdountdofj n /god jo ,

cuo1lozox'to d oiseaupr5,.3?.

Kahdlitfin .(1,1 reU-th

quol aie act ln va

Bar= kouroubra

'-.Etutannt;

Ton ptit, .-ost-ii..profohd?

14 gaou n'godJoGD. a pris; tifl corb

DJ aroU-th _ _

,ialleo est (levant.,Bar arl-nikourohbu

est tr?,s profondo

Yoe abula:l.ro

n 'f;oudo oinu 4- birdpure - park

-ro - to (ajoutii aux homevoyace - trip

n'gao uorbeau - erolltando (;ons truir avoe brique - builttoulb - bane() - adobezoro colanoiz) - cola nutretou vaccinor - to vaceinajarou valVie - valleyh gar - fora - forest

banatou aider to help

ou,,maro

h brio

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.83

tfEt'lil-

n 'no

Present rioj \f3 o

ornsorm rfo

rinthoki a me nattiomi

tet-nrmaii

nathaud tthanat

-nethzkivnufa ntlTharnbeo

,ttehanuthiupwo

naZh7Irtailla enat;ii.,!low

n

- -

rinth;091w: J°ai some nettibmbe

tot*nsthan

haph.z:yprm .

n na

t tiiyonniJ. 4

i pzis

`.11:attla bimafriana

-Ftjtur. ,

-toh;inethi ;

h.enza.11Zon.i.

ujnri natiVoizic.r.lwo

'nettra.mbao: 'tcilDriet;.171:13n,70

tpa . Liita

. , A '

tu tçh _thiwawo

- - , .; t t s

--SO*

n hDyo esnions I

nathoo . t.

ne pas

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P ru!,.nnt

konguaki,konguamikucUchi

kong_1',kongu?wikocktch61.

Posse'.

kongt.i7nakongcOmhakockt.ch3na

konguiy6nakongu7zmo.kockchonil

rutur

kuck' u plar

-1nnte,

pl nto

p I ant

Pros nt insCqz.1

kongu:/kiwowokonguDmbaokockLchlwawo

krinc,u1.---youlatua

konguallrevwokuck tchc,i,u:o we

Posse !log. )_

na planto pa n

4i

konguZUzni jv nlai pas plenli:kongumA 0

Kockthank..

nguiy a node.zonguDwik=ktchnnni

=WI ,e :i*V

Futur

:--

,

bar/ kor,ouakikongupmi_

" kocktchi

konguiyokanguatukotiktch(li

Oti

pl,antdra

konnquo p :tont 0..;-11

konngui yo pntonsIconnguoo olantoz 1

IC '.iUiOk onguz.11)rio

kupl,tttlioallo

kOnguiyAzwo,konguasilmiokocktchoiwbwo

ne..0antaraipns

. v-

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85

Pjna kas_auou blondes. IssQka kassouou.luinoko.'Sawoltouento-a-rare ketiko. Botra tahalamirvkAnari yodjakon49urt:dja6konta tchaut.oni sabkatan. Torouna,indl-roukana. Daeukerza'klautaloydro dadokiti-onn dakt felt grantenn-kbandu N'gam tchi t

mie6410era,mak6 nathe

VacPlbulaireVarFo bord - first

Chasse.- huntingbararo - a 16 chssonJa0no tger ia kll

-k;rart ocurou9kOntou - aryl*n'guzri hicho - hindLaroyna 7 Ai6vreforau. rourr4 . brush.nogor - fork - forestdark, au milieukadi serpeht -Onatm-A0gam - lion --lionn°djiro mugir, pi,eurerkasso.- courir - to run

ing

Kou ylmbi?Quel-jour ost-i

6ke2_a- pas

to mar cry

-Kau djolnma kassouell bland&Ii eSt vendrodiin jo-ur /

de marcha du mon village.Bal.:aro -o4ko.Poi posso a la ch:.1

.Kzinn

Pei tu un.ecureuil.

Iarounno indt rouko.J'ai vu.deu

daouQu -cc'quedu grand four

6. Ami,fakoWest7Oo..q

K di ruuko.ai vu un sorpsett..

No ra tahirre.ruldal.5

=r-.i Za Chi.: ,Von8rodl .filarch6 dn men tll g.

.--'--,vanu nu mbrch6' ot _., - ,, our7jo SUj.5 pazlo ,z ln ch4ov.n _ -Jnr.nOnt Pat tuc un-A5curetii pvot m.0 fli---,cho... Aprc'15;- j'ai',:tire uni,

, -- .,

biche mziio alic -ast partlo sums,' tomhdo.: -1J'avo:deUx liburot:..Aij.,miliou du grand foOrr un sorpent c pd siii 5--c8td'cle mor.',,tomme rentondais- -un lion mugir et: i coUrru pour quitterlieu.

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formieramen? :

DIALOPE

'N n, c'eat un berger.No, ha'a- a.ehaphord.

Madoui ast-iltergar?Is Madou a shepherd7-

Non, ii cultive sa forma.Nol ha's a farmer.

A:.Quo fait An ?what does An do?

C'est un barbier.'Ho°- a barber.

An abi kid n'dj u7

Ai w ndj MM86

A Depuis qunnd oat-il barbiar- ,KOrr.iou nkd ou-samie- haeHow long has ho boon a tochDdiW.barIvr?

C .st un barb br depUis Ti wandjernrna kou-kart-owy-k-u.trois ans.He's'beeh a barber forthraa years.

Est-ce queIgu'un l'aide? Kam-laa tire banadjila?Boa's someone help him?

Oui, il a un assistant.Yes he has an assistant.

aUjourd'hUi?Are you rarming today?

aa ng kam-gana n'djoue(benama n'djoua.

Kouroaya ni barbmaa?----

Non, je suie bprqer au Ur'" anan, kzmwa u sani.d'hui.No, I'm,a shepherd tod y.

Combien d'hommos t aident? Kern n°daou nine tanHow-Many'mag are helping you

DeUx homes m'oident. Kam indi ouro banadjTwo men'are helping mb.

Amadou, gUe f it-il abjourd'hui7 u Amadou -b chdi?Whats Amedou doing taday?

ida?higa4An 8 7

Oundou:banadjii?

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Sant l'aida0hiM.-

Suni

Quell est ton meitimr? AbiWhat's your job?

Ja suis formica'.Ilm a former.

At Ob astWhore-is-AO.?

aat dans les champs,Ha Is in thefialds.

A E t-il- formica.?I 'be aJ7armor? ,

Oast tin, fermior.Hes a farmer.

.

VocabulairebarOme fem. or, payuall

banger shapherdkida - travail - work

'hanadjii.

OU bardma.,

ndo

'Ti tchouro koloainn. ,

T1 bartimaa

Ti barams-

mar, p natant.

wandjamma barbier - barbersania-athe - co mdtier-- this pkarr-ou - an, anntie yoarn'daou combion - how much how'manykam porsonno - parsonkam-laa somednobanatou aider - to help_kam-gana petite porsonne-kawa-yao jusqu'au pr6sont - up to the prosant time-kN.rma - maintonant -kla.+compidmont - Sur - on*kla soul) - tato - head

e sans do kla d6ponda sur le compldmont.

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nous.voueui:

8 9

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VERDE

- alder -

Present--------

banaakibanaamibanadjii

banaaydbanaawibanadjeiye

do banankiWawo..b.analmbaabanadjiwawa

:lianayewawabana-owawabanadjaywawo

/-Passa nompose

-bana00,Papagmbarmen-1,o

banavebanaedonbanaera

aide benalana .banamabanadjiini_

banaiyanabanaawebenadjoana

banakznibanaamibanadjiiniP

banaiyend ebanabwibanadjaani

n ai pas alder

Futur: bari p

Futur_niaaLLE3 ba

rale: bari hanaak jidaio

4 9ent-ruhatiF. Exampl bari banaakwawo_ dorai pro..3

banaana atiesLbanzyo- aidon t

banaanoo, aide I

banadjaa quCil aideibanadjaa, qutIs aident!

9 0

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ndre--s

_9_nt

jventendsLflQU1idndji

ds pasens paa

nie.fanwifdndjey

ruo-wofanouo4-yofandjp.5i-wo

Passe'

akanafanoumbfannvdj una

fa/lianafanououwaa ana

,----

12141.2Ltaisa

jgai entonduj'a senti-

e

fanEueco-rangudmfangu

jgal'entendujgai een

ngueAyefangueuangudra

Futur

fanakani Jafamm-mifandjini

fanienn-def ah-ntatLifan-ngdjanni-

nvai pasentendu-

LTmiJi

bari fakiTI fanoum." fandjl

IT

IIunie

fanwi-fandjey

'Futu_ _6140.

bar anwo" 1 famm-bao" fandj.i-wo

fanfto-wofsnouou-we=fundjey-wo

n'enOndrai pase ne s4ntirai pas-

...0±1e=

'entenja son

3.:=IdoU .;,(sentir- entondre)Lorsqdven .ecoute :rancluaou a 3e ena "entendre".Lorsqu'on est triste, a71,arr de doulour 'arn-4doua le sens."sentir".

c+ 9 1

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Kou boltS Amino tchina fanit.n kodji iiroko.lawa se.no kimoko.

"Amind sawa_bp atha Kara lonaml?'"Borambn loki Conde' n'gui sim tiloma bao.-""N'gaia djaouro, tamahana ai keu baram djoouani"Sawa baram bouthou uthe nanga maro kbrma loki.""Sal .toussia, Amina.Sal waltokia."

Vocabd

Ito - grand m. In - mid-morninguto passar - to pass

kadji passait - ho pncisedtchina,-%potto --doorlowassono salud --g ootedlowatou - 3JtDflTbtkimoo - to answerbaram. puit w11sim tilo une qoutto (un °oildjaou - cher - expansivo-bouthou hon marchd chonpathZ naoga maro paurquoi .Y

Questions

_ -Amlna lodji?u va Amine

.

Awiro ludThbarambo?Pourguoi va-t-0410 -duPuit?

Baramtho boothoua,,:,,Est-Oe y a_beutoupd'eau dans Jo puiCAuMatin?-

Amina kouPomha balimbo jodj?Amino va-4311a abx pui chaquo

wr?

Troduction

4mina-.C1p3t.grand matin qUancl. An5.nn flast; i crwy at l'a'nozto rrmaison. tlie,m'n salue. Jo, lu& iL -rnpa"Amino,.'obi'oat-Ce quo tu vn no mrtin

a pO',;.uricAoutte.d.'eau chs nous,-"C'est trils bion.. Je orals quil-V a--bnancnUp"Le matin lo- poita anse2 d'opu, c'est pournuoi je parsmaintarcant."

.

'7A ,tout A' hour". _n rot

R2'.h9n-S"

91

1.. Bornmeo lodji.Eno vo au puit.

2. ,ForOdjou noui sirn 11

:pup nongaro iodji hParee (IWO.qoutte Wean chez -11e,

mambo.Ufl

Ouihouthnu.

an a heaucoya.

ind.Lru yin t10 loop.elle y va deLu: rnour.

19

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DIALWJE,

Quolle ent la route.ppur

Which.road goes to Tilabori?

1VoW la route pour TilaberiThere's the road to Tilaberi

A: Tiiaberi, est-il 0245eIs Tilaberi near-by?

nda djawalTtla

B: Non, il est loin.No, it's far.

On touvillageYou turnvillage.

Toth wtua djawal Tilabr

B: KourctuDnn.

Ar On tourne a gau h ?Do you-turn left?

B: Non, on tourne a droite.No, you turn to the right

.A: Coumiont vas-tu Doso?How do you got to Dose?

la route pour Tooso.-Here's the road to Doso:

Suis-tu cette direction?Do you go that direction?

Qui, ctest le premiervillage sur la route.Yes, it's the first villageon the road.

A:C>Uest le village Saga?Where is the village ofSaga?

B: Il est paIt's that way.

yoesk ne:

Al °man, k borambam yesskn.

Dndainn. Doscjoro 146ami?'

B: Athama djaal Dosocio.

_andj

aean, timA_bla b- -hp cha bd1;la djawaletOn.

-4Vi a

aga-t

At Est-il le-proc ain v lege? Bia.t4rtho tha-,

.1s 1.t,:the.next vil ago'V

B: Nono'c'eat le troisioNo it's the third.g P -

B:anPn,.ble yakduoma

Th tourneau dauxigme village. Bla ndi4112,n yeeso%You turn at the second village. 74

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A: On tourne a:droite?-Do you turn to the right?

.B:.Non, on tourne A'.gauche.Nolyou turn to the left.

.41-:-Ibu rretent les AUtobus?A .

Whoro do the 'busses atop?A . .

Ils oyarretent Au march°They stop at the-market.

A: Slarretent--als ceA

Do- they stop:on thit side'?

B: Kasbououlan

Non, Ile

Noithey _Jop on that.side.'

Aarretent-.a co

Vocabulaire

djawal - route roadkourouou loin farkaran - pr;s - nearb4rho---promier---first

4 nano; kandji t th-dadjeYo.-

b"Orho tchalambol- celui qui o t le premi ..- first one'ablabinn - comment -.how

ga suivre - to followkandji direction3, ante (do la ruyettou - tournor - to-turnind36than deuxi.iimn socondmouko -.main -.handmouko,kamboram - main droit - right hanawdfda - gauche - loftyakouenn troisieme - thirddatou arr13ter - to stopa nda quel which, who:6tiro - lui - to him, it--etam (suff. qui indiquo "precis onfougou devant . before (place)

1:7 :0:ecliu,i:::1; t(ilf:src:7-hh:erototh'amn celui-la - that one the

na - lieu, endroit - place

1-

direct ..s,

4

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SanZI mtsabtisabtiyesabtauwisabtal

s6NkathacaIlailOcoLhan

sabkathn.

_on .jo mCn vi

abtasabtrmi.sebtni

qt,,Ibtiyonnda-,

sabtauwi'ciabt.an5 .

no su

,IbtLnasubtliuwe.e';Otana

-as sur in p_ It ds ptIr

I 1

ITI_P6ratif

sebtann - va-t°enisebtiya a11an5-naus-entspbteppa a11ezvau3-en1sabta.--qu'il e'sn'ailiel

s'en.siilentl

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Cou 1auc bani ourq wand6-lauoumi leturo atonnapkeko. Naourio'nlifao solemn oundouyayo tohapkatans koul011011- dewadjana. Koro soudjana,. Ski lad bani kadio

nda, dabdou n,dodjama. Kou makaro ldkenatS kirouni indi.Athz nanguro tobamntguerako- oundouyayei kou sa 'djou."

OunsSo &jam.

Vocabulaire

do19nlyo -,malgrosala priore, fottehap:catan rounidal bouo - goatsa laa Un mciment

Pixf

1. Sala fi?"Quell° fate est-elle?

Raba° blawaro n'd du-rtest ltanniversaire du voyado Paria.

Blaro f Ia to idd?-Quel voya4 a-il1 fait

AwJ. die sa atha nangaQuo falsons nous pourodlte fate?

-Awl bauiyoQuo mangoon nous?

aka ro ledIi est llede-ux

Andi somaous _nommoo

latht nanga.

raductlon_

voui ououa daNous -mangeonsUn boue.,

Toutle monde 4,11ange.

Ca soir mon pre pi a. di de ne -pas 'tir J ro'tom4 gre nioi Aprofl la.../i)rirs. du Maourio,- tout lo mo :to Trj = muOn .avait: sing poUlotST' ot bouos Ito mpmo-nt p.O-re.

,

l'Bon aoir, toht lp monde Oa fait dawc . ans quo je- auis ptila Neoque. oost 'Our oetto fate quo je vous rouni.. 'au jou).,d-,!bu

C eat a a fgte --tout monde * Tiere ",

..pkataya,

6unia,

ion

96

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DIALO UE

J.' ai u7 Kitaou nia.As-,tu un v e Kitaou n mLan

eOu n a &n, kakaa...-- -,

un chuuaj. Fr ,n9djou.a.

Ave voUs-un !era n?' A 1am-,n4.`do

-Non, nous noavon ass-,un crayon. a nari,.

8: Qnt.i1sdn l'a gent?A: Qui, ils ontbeaueoup

dp argent

-n de

wr rivdj a

?Ran, wri n9 u bou tc1iaarin .

As-tu uii rthien? Kei-nimba

Qui jai un grand chied. n# Jri koura tak run

Avez-vous asaez rgent7, DJri damns ?

nous, on avons

Ii -un-chion.

Abdou nat au champ.

TO y e tajs aussi?

Oui1 jUy tnin a

. is VocabuisiPe

kitaou - ljvrefrr -; &lava/a :Ialam. yonwri argentn9 gupbou.. ucatip-,

-damaa assez. :fat ung une

chUnsmag__ni a_

est la,La -suerixe rt'pnn indiquek.oulatann ..dans .ca ChaMp..

n

an, w4 &mai t yonaEfdjirca j.

Abdou koulonn.

Koulotannr- n med

obe' m

9 7

ns

96

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EXERt E uostions -rpcmsos dan-

it A- alarnrnorip2. WI' ncdjad?3. .Kri-nacpbaa?4. Kitaou- nambaa?5. Frr-n,cijouaa?.6. Koulo-n° doe?7. Kadjamou-n' d joua?

Koula-nam kourao?2. '<ool,o-n'do Iguanaa?3. Fa-nc-dja kTiraa?

T4. a7n,dja Onaa?5. -Fo-Tnam '<aurae-6. Maman-n fa -nadj u

kourea?-7. Wgublaa?

ka awaa?

flégati

t udant.,

)nan, a laiarx-WO 43wri,-Rodjs Joao,.

3. onan. bao.4. -anon,2kit.aou-ni boo...offan,-fTro'djou

5. anpn, koulo-rOdd bao.,7. affsst 1<adjemoU-n'djou:bao

koulo-ni kouraanif2. 3n, koulo-nldi.guDnaDni.3. n. ra-n2dja4. In, fa-Wdja:guanaDni'.',5. -vian,.fa-ni kouraRni.6. fa-Wdjoa kbur-_ n

7.rananB. ?ham kadauiani.wain

1. KouIo-namikoura,2. Koulo-n'dP-guana3. Ta7no-dja kouraa?4. Fa-nndja 4uDnaa?

Fa -nZm kouraa? ,

6. Mamann6,fa-p'djou.kouraa?

1, anpn, koulo-ni gums,2. -amlni-koulo-0,,do- koura,3. anRnp-koula-ngdjo .guana.4. anan fa-Wdja kobra.S. ahan, fa-ni-guana.6. a-rOdjou-gu?na.

cr7

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Exerel ubtitutin

ucliant

-kamou7ridjoU

djoW0,oa 2. ed ouri in10.1 u

n'djouria i.flam

tatha 4. tathaa-ni

bla ilvdja

kassouou 1. kassouou

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_VERBE

and() gagnpr

Presenpk

andki jo g gnefand-hrai

.tehwe.ndi

aihr

EFIL2AP__.(1161te)

fandiclSandawkr_tohawand1.-

and?k2wawofandlmbaotchWandiwawo

ne gugnop

fandidi.lawbfand?wawotchawandilw

Pass COrnposé

kiwandake(kiwandamkiwahdo

kiwarldiekiwandaentehiwahdo

fandaknafandnmatehwandana

--fandienurfandawatchizandlna

,

paS gagne/

Inter atif

fandW.canaa?fandambaa?.tchwandnae-

es -eeaue, 'ai ga nas-tu gacno

gagne

,fandiaaa avons nous gagqeDandcwaa avez'vousza ne'?"tchWandnaa 4omt-i1 s gagn

* Le,temps present a aussis le sons de

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u clj_ tfla ]CaflSOUOU bLndr oundourpa, ddaro o tchoulounk.Kalounzm n'gla toUnzmo tchina fanzmb6 grath-ami. Dounia -baltodj.ano.am 'karan karen sama kassonou\boro issana. Kassouou daradjana. Kamoubla ntgaou soma tchourothrt°-saye stvg nIdjzi tchadi.. A0 madjaithanbao th'ema' boo sat wouri maoudji.

VooabuItlire

shlo iortir o ioave, go -c)utgrctouou -,s-,adee.sor to loan against]carrI ekamn alentdUrri. neighbOrhoodAdamtou tris a llap: d pour le march& -says sa achotezdospmaoutoornanquer

Questions

ouQuel- jour-s

:be at ,ho-'h 1..ght ofmarkiat.(fu3,1a

ehobeid tel'bUy.odds and-Onda.

ticmonaos.fec..kg IOrrr

Kou krissouou blandoe,o ou Cio--b, le pour _do marohd pourion village',

2., Sawi kassouou darld ji?Quand le march6 atteintson apogfce?

tchad ?ue -.Font, bes-,'-gens du: Vil

Awi kamoua chadi.?Qua -font lGfl femrrion?

2. ia kassouou ,damdji.-eLe march() a tte int son apogee -r-

9 heuresi

Karano awe-. Are ntaj5 t htlssal

ne

Le March

Ils._Kamoua

rtont, pas en brousocrnt dos beaux habits.ye say e tchadi.

Macs achetent les 'petitesohoses.

Au c d'hui c 'est vond iii, jour do rmrhe cxi. mon vi-Elagu.Personno n est pas partie. ..availlbr en. brouslo. Tu poi.tes tonboau b6ubou pour tt'adossor ;_2., la porte .o mil)-son& `11 est grandmatin main."...enant. Tous, los: .gono dos olontourss coot vonus.' Lo ,.march6 eat plein'. La majonre partio dos. formes y sont eh traindfacheter leui.s condimontst.' Enos "sant tout co qu tqlles dt.3. _ .a mcans gum. Vargone ha lair manque pas. . ,(

44

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0

D ALONE

HIl st d. .Dnuan -'ssni..Xt's late.L t. I didnt cEmie- early)

Ii y a de nuagos dans: la. col_

There are Plpuds- in the BY.-

11 a plu h4er..It rained.;\yestorday..

\

'Hima est gran main nant.Hima ip big now.

J'ai alai/ cat en ant. .

reared this child.

me H ma.ke Oe.

Fof'oou srntnn m n-

Bika nn ui tchoudOurna

K -m Fmak&Irjana.

,Himaa ra7)

kahaiv

Yak. ba va.-mieb-x maintenant. 1, Ya uba-4ama tchwadrna.Yaku(Lit Yakuba finds : a :little )

Yak6b hach-C-.0arbe.', 2-1/akub-a- kz,skalichaldji.YakOb is cuttinq down-:.6

Yakuba d6'placd la buinchb.'Yakuba remOves the branch.

a de coton., ra -U calo6ssinn Pirzou.-Fatu- 'Making .c_tten thread.,

E lle, e t. damp Pombre d'un zou kaoudi kask: en,.

arbre.S he's in the shade of a tree .

suis sous ,l!Ombre -P- la 3. Ou Ffou I'aoui Idtoenn.maison.1 urrl fn the -Shad- of the. bOusa.,-

di.

al pa fa Mal de Pa'kari-spoke badly of I3at-az1.

1:

Bakari est parti pour Niam Kt:1u la Baka Nia4 odji,kari left for Niamy.

Il:estplus impbHo mere ilpor

a .quend than

na dara n cond tin

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:prisma parI have taken . my share.

-Maman a meng eP001Pt.Maman- -ate half a chicken.

Donnes moi trois Ø=lasGive ,me th ee dalbread._ _

,

102

ni n'gokna.

in ManTan retha koui-y d ouo.

a ibate ,peUrcidoirotourner l'eau?Bibata- LOy did you go b ckInto the mater?

fo suis blesse.P.m wounded.

Vocabulei,re ,,-7,,--wa 4 est-ce moicaloussann_ coton codouan . de bonne h-

_____, touna_ N, biessUre - wound, cuingui osu -water-kaska atbro 'red.rden''(euff de le' .kaoudi -.% omb-vo shadenIgOtou_-,,proodre - to'takce,ouratimou v'andir to grow,oupoakaha-- grandi own -upbard' -,Cultiver'- Fo cultivatelOrou e,.. 146 or. . wound vfarr=-aou, aous - undertcha1do0i (lecher . to choptarwatvu. --p. pvArder - tP (1035 Pkarrri- .: rnaIn/pn6nt . how-krqp. - aimor to like-loveooutou -Opp ear . to pass :dodo . brqnc e - 'branch&Aro - pour uoi ,-... whywaltou - venir, devonirfcifooLf.-. nuago '- 'cicud.

' samonn d. ciel ,-- skynetha . -demi. moitio. - ,hakoui ..- poulei '. chickenbourou 1- pain r' bread-

. kamdou ..- coupet avec un couteu - to lit

daarzou ..parta.ger . to divide.daradjenn -'.important aleur ifffport

ri Q3

Are - early.

ini Bourou dale yakoua

Bitata, awiro inu1waItaaW

ortkana,

child or animal

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Bikando- kaaiouur o lelrena, I.!ch ma ouulm nIgularo ,. . , . .

nIdjio. Kase ououthin r6a , kada, kania tchindJouiia 'beis, rouki.-Anna .io 'makuita korosson roukz,ni. Ica greninn:., Tia kirouleo.

"ICA, Idi narann n 2 81-1 zaaro tohaladi?"Iii -kamboua? Ao fOuouharabethl)ma rottibaa.

"Wayo, djirenzm krrnadon kiroko."

bikando.---tohdmenkni.puninTirOguzaarokaoTci(e0.kad

. .aVant-hi day bororalVant -rr _ 'ifore

dolls 1. icicle 'havebkior ran \

*nu clans le mai:Che-c9w(b)

boup Jaanybut.

ka Ifevre,( ) goat )

tohin ina bao - toilernont boancao - chose - thing _

Maki---.---i-e-"chorche-- -I- look_ f orkbroSsonn Jusciu prosont up to tho.greninn 7 a cote-) do .-moi a-t, my iideklorolikoc.1- j-1 ai domand6 - I askkAttmmbou avc!uglo btindrououbbmbothzima - co 'qui &want

'irenzm tu.t1 raison - you:21-rorrutdouwonn st maintena-,

JxcS QuestionsI.' .01'indou oua .kassouourb sadoUo?

Oui ml a- accorapan6. cu rfiaroh6?

nombre great many

n

toi -right

it Is

2. .11.yi maid, 'natham?Qu-'est quo PaJ. ch4. .

3., Awisso awisso rouko?44.011 sol4to dlankmauNai- eImbi kassou.ouro' leeko?Quand suis-je parti auJnarcheq

casm ta accompa

doueaU \mar

bas2. Ngu laro

chor in b4lior

Fel:a; kania rOukvu des vac

ehvresBikando lefekd.ire suis parti avan

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Praduc tI on.

'AvanE.,hili je- sui,a al.14 au Trauchc% .Atr.ant j 9.avhi s une.,.. . .,0 atheter Lin bolicr- - Au march6 .-letyoyei: beausoup devachos-, , .c rroa. .. Jusqu ',au pronont Jo n'ai pas vil La qua je ehai4chn12 ....aft_.:=-Ei cote-Vole niql0 :Jo lui al -demunde,Ze./.1 1,:ott 'e 1 orI9rmdo lps beli.arcf?"

"Eatii Irtaugle? dott.iold t ;:kii as rJoon . T- vifni juo 'ail voiii.

104

dot)t

-

Day ._ ore, y-oaterday. -I-- went .o,, t4a m.rirkot q For Sui to .. s Orao Tobad.. warctd -71.:.o -buy a .rarq... -At the) maricot .... mogroat Y- 6145__ __-. _.

:and -.go4t0.:'t . But .1: cOuld' not .0300' what I wunted , o- buy. . id wa:- with,'-1 f,a41-04.- hi-m.71,p -,.:. .. ., ..

Idc;T.o.;,,rhere. do -ior, sell. -rn -

rf;zro :,,,yOu .hlInd. They ire in .frontl or you.:, ..

.,:i.liph yos.- you' ro rl.ght., .. I hav.o jt aeon ihem..- . .,......... ,, ... .

-- ---.

105.

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-.4Frei 'ant------_

baukib atmdjoUwi

bouiyelbouwidjawi

;kiton,iiO j e . na

houmbdwaWojotJwiwQ

0 aux aciapro

. bauwawa:_i-

d wimp-910

Pesti

gulwaukoguiwimguiwo

.Pag3a"c

boukzboumme-AtjaUuun,

- _

luiwaye-.guiwou':guewobra-

bouyanabauwadjeouna

^

boukznibaummidjououni

__P-4nang

boulbrindabaUwidjaounni

rjratlf:

hpuibauiya

jbouiwa.'d; otie =

djaP

'nguan-ngazi

qu11 mange!qu'iiiingontI

Futuy: heti prAeriC. E:tamp la: ,* bar/ bauki

DAL,:_r_tigmllf -:ba

mangers!

s. neg. Example: beri baukiwawoa no mangerai pal

pr

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()PUP.

Yekuba, 11.4t-11 une A :Yakuba Ithmou n djou4a?Has Yakuba a wife?

13 il a une femme. 8 fl, RamoU IdjoYes has a

A: Qui e t-elIe?Who is she?

Elle est'Aminai.-She's Amind&

A: Oundou t1 7

-piAm1na.

.4,

. Ontils un enfan 111.d3ourla 'cla?Havo 'they a child?.

B: Oui, ils ont un enfant -ID 11,i tdtha ja.' 1.1 i'aPpolle Madou. tchoU . n ' djou Maciou.

Yes-, they have a child&His _name. is Madeu...

A: Va-t-il bien? A: 1ga n'djoua oA) ClowaIs he-well? .n djoua?

A. Non, il ne va pas hien. - anan, nIga n'd uni..

,Il edt malade. Ti .dondi. .

.,No, ,he 'isn't won. He 's aick.

106

--

-!As-tu uno rem ou naxnbaa9'Have you a'wife

E:- Oui j'aijiaa femmYea' I have .a wife.

A: As-tu un enfant? A:'Tetha naffi aHave you a child?

'

Non, JO n'ai pas un nfant. B nan, taUzani bac.No, I don't have any Childr

ZOn,-kameu ni

A: eir et ta femme? A Naran kamou n ?ihoro is your wife?'

4

E: Elle es dans la maison. B: ToShe's in the house.

As tuAne,petite maison?Have you a lttle house?

1

Non elle est grando.No; It's big.

azz an.*

n I gu Di-ma?

E: n 1, koura107

- (clan's. 1nt6rieur) ?aa ajout4 au.nom ii suit le noni tOujoure.(in Interior) Not added to noun 4.. it always follewp the noun

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.,. Abdou, a-t-il une granclo son? A Attdou nIdjou kour a?-, .

Has Abd'ou,a big house?

B: Non il a uno Petite Maison. I1 nim n'gunamR.No, he hao a little house.-Ta maison est-elle jo1io ? : At, Fan m nIgualaa?Is your house pretty?

..4 .

B: Oui ello est jolio. Elle B -DDri,44 v gu a. ICadawa baon'ost pas sale-.

- Yes it's pretty.- 'I s potdir

,libeabulairekamou - femme kfifotatha (pl. -a),enfant - childWdjouria (pl. -a)s- cpfailt child.nlga -'eant6 herilth

dans linteriour) -in i side'n'gula jell (ehese) - pretty (thing)'shewa -.jell (personne) - pretty (personklayaskou mademoisollo Miss ,-kadawa -isalo - dirty

- ugly

bao ii illy a pas there i5nhtfero (pl. -wa) fille

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,VER8E

414: nn dJo dannor

ikt:' Jo OonneLint

iiitwltchadi

.0.1AGPS 1104

ikiwnwoirnbao

'.tehiwawo

Pa$sti _01.6cis

kekok&rtokenp

10:11q3

.1(4ou-kado

dannd

3W0WO

:tchadiwawo

fi

Passe compose

'.Lkanaimatchina

lanaiwatchapzqa

.; kznimichini

ILAtehadzn

Wei s donnaFuIur: bariescamplo:.baz

prEisontiki, jedonneaL

Futur nrSciati ea +-present n6q.- Examplo: bar/ ikl o ne donne

pas

108

Passa pr nom

nedjakanlma

sadanane'dJadann.,ndawasadamas6doso

donneu (pens donra.,,mea donne

il nous a donneii vous n,dannovous 'nous avoz donntu nous aa donneils flOUS ohL donna

Hdonnoc

P°°se PrPm7.12al_IP-13L)

nedizkni-nimisin!:sadoni,edjadaniidouwi

undawi's(d:mi

PrAont_ELRE2minnI_In

Jo no to donne pantu no mo donno3pa!A_ii,no me donno posnoun no vous donnofn pavoun nu nous nnnpnc

/In no nous doralont pnb11 no hui donne paslls nO lour donnon't

pail 0

nenjakiwawo-inbawoiwpwl

dJadiowawosadOwawasodimhmotohiwnwotchddiwoutio

Jo no teal pas donnatu na m'as pas donndil no men pas donn61 no nous a pas_ donneii nn vous a pas donn6vous no nous nvoz pau

donnano nous ln pan donna

iln no noun ant pns donne

Futur amyaminol

pimlsi,lye

tch

Jo to donnortu me dannoranil me donnoranous -lour

doonurono' VDUS lour (lui)

donnprnieur'(1.0.donnernnt

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_ /Present

r3oukiraounamir?oudJi

raounioroounwiraoudjaI

d, /

Passo precis

rZou4koraouemraouono

raouoyerzouyoouraouyora

road

Pro:lent nog.

zoukiwaworzoun mbaoroudJiwawo

rjounibwawo .

r.?OunwawedJaTwewo

Passe compose

roouknaroounembaraoudJina

r.buienrauunzonarJoudJana

-109

n'oori pas

Futur: bari -I- px'oiOnt. Examplo: Bar r0ouki J'oo LealFutur ndratif: bar prAont nigatif. Exampilo bari rao awo

, - Jo n'ecr rai pas

byline Scris!ounlyo 6orivo

raounoo 6orivoz!raoudJo qu'il'derivo !rZoudJa qu'ils 6orivont:

noza

tamalcznitzguanDmitmadjani

nmaniondetman;bwitzmadJani

n'ai pas o

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Prosont:

krakikranamikradji

_aniekranawikradja1

Pawl...02121z

kra61<o.kradmkre4as

kragye'kraogukrayera

VERBCkrathou '1ire

lis

lO

*

p7a$0'067clatif:

krakani ja-nlai pas in,kranamlkradj'ani

.kranioadd

.kranami.'kradjani'

pri5sen- ag

_dkiwaws je ne ii p-

kran3mbaekradjiwawe

-kramieurme-kranZw_alio

3WO

corn sse.

krakanQkrElnamb'krad Dna'

krzlnizna .

IcranZwakradjIna

0Future earl prevent. Example: ba-__

rytair._neentifl bark ExamplJame

ImanTatir.ftes

kranskraniyekronsnkrudjekrndja

iii

kibari

pas

lirS1akiwavio

110

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VERBE

ir4j cchotor to 1D1,1:.

Pres°

jeach4teid

tchavs

Paosg preias

kicitin Al

kiuo

kito,yof-

koarao

Lr^

Pans.3 nozutif

jw.i.icn.). Jo 11

'iw4mitchz,w7d73

ro

11.4)s=1.61de'

Jw,

tOnri3 lw3niCve "

o hotg

Froson

11.14771b__

tohawiwriwo

iwiywawo

tche,no itrildaITO

!.1S;r2_3_ 2_171-r93p

lwal,;;InaiwambatchilOha

iw4yonaiw?watchasoiwOnA.

111

[MlIqratif:r . ,

ach to iwq acIte i .

, Nlyo,- achetcns1iwoo achotoz!tchiVc qu'il itchZttel .

tchhsoillo qu'ils-aohoin

Prc.notettA

RO -Mei% , _

n- i-)liwv (-)3.-.. nov.,

nl 3.3,11t- L I. i 7(4_ 1111,A0t./ CWila.d.Wki ;allnilt(1

rrEckal n4.-.1,0ti-

i- U. vcluil aci7,3:'11

um!, ,ta rnul,ao0,onumi. Ox m'aohcito3

n nklis- noun

11, uour tlach.C6on1 ila mluchotont

n'diakila ils t'Snhotow:',

112

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_skida47i

kld.and.1:11.ollya4kidadjaI

k5.6.DOxi

kt.acikieat5pla.

Aci6.0r-a:

!, JD TC11 pank 5.6 .1.71 at-o 5.

Id 6`tadjni.

kid n '741:16.17r#7

-1f4.

riFt.= nor,7:1 .C`.-

\ 1

ITERTIE

avail to- o_rk

112

kidtk.1-81u4O so,kfnimbzokiancl.7imcio

.,kidana:r!:114,1wo

kaijwwki.anauE070

_ 7- -_ar..,

Parmo counso

.5welnna

&an

ki.UPEayanndekidvawl.lcidEsija

1.;;-.4tni ha?p

al:U(3 irz1LxLz 0,-!moo

trava,1101,cps 4114 taVaIlloral

travninaralmplo: bari kioakUThzopo travail:Loral pan

al 7- -7 ,-,polt c'or Jugn r tow! tompn 1i.,0o lo novo:,6), n 'tar.) (fnj,ro t,

IxnmpI.i: diki, nto. Jo fain lo travail.

Ida (trawl: 1)

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