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Linking Public Participation and
Landscape Planningthe Experience of the Landscape Observatory of AMI (Italy)
at a sub-regional scale
Claudia Cassatella
Dept. of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning
Politecnico di [email protected]
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Active Participation according to ELC
SOCIAL PERCEPTION
POPULAR ASPIRATIONS
To validate KNOWLEDGE
& ASSESSMENT
To establish and monitor
OBJECTIVES
General public, local andregional authorities, and
stakeholders
WHO?
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Italian Republic, Code of CulturalHeritage and Landscape
(Legislative Decree n. 42/2004and
subsequent modifications and integrations):
a National L. Observatory
Regional L. Observatories in each
region
Regional Landscape Plans
Identification, assessment, objectives
and planning measures of Landscape
areas (ambiti)
The regional scale is crucial
Landscape Observatories in Italy
Regional L.O. in ItalyInstitutional(established by law)
Other nature (projects, studies)
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Landscape Observatories in Italy
Local L.O. in Piedmont Region
Landscape Observatory of AMI
(The Morainic Hills of Ivrea)
Local Landscape Observatories
Established as NGOs
(associations of citizens)
An increasing number in Italy
A great variety of activities, mostly
awareness raising
BUT
community-based, local scale
limited capacity to interact with
institutions with regard to landscapepolicies and planning
NO active participation
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Landscape Observatories in Europe
A tool for democracy
CM/Rec(2008)3, Appendix 1
10. Observatories, centres or
institutes
The choice of the compositionof observatories is a matter for
the administrative bodies
concerned but should allow for
collaboration between
scientists, professionals andtechnicians from the public
authorities and the public.
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A research-action in Piedmont Region
objectives
To define and to test a method for participative
processes, according to ELC CM Rec 2008/3
to make reference to a large scale, according to the
needs of landscape planning process to identify landscape social values and popular
aspirations, focusing on the future
to include representatives of varied social groups(general public, local and regional authorities, and
stakeholders)
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The area. The Morainic Hills of Ivrea
The geographical area is quite
coincident with a Landscape Areaof the Regional Landscape Plan
Photo:AndreaV
igliocco,
2008.
Source:Flickr
51 Municipalities
91.000 abitants
490 kmq
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The societal climate and the local L. O.
The past: industry,
electronics & innovation
(Olivetti company)
The present situation:
Socio-economic crisis,
abandonment, searching
for a new identity
Young farmers, back to the
inherited land
Cultural associations,
volounteering, cool
climate
Self-reflective society
The Landscape
Observatory of AMI
(The Morainic Hills of
Ivrea) is an association
of private citizens
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social groups mapping
Private/public nature
Territorial level of their field of
action
Main relationship with/interests
for landscape
Insiders/ outsiders/ care-takers
Actorsparticipation target
in AMI area: degree of envolvement
at the beginning of the participation
process
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The participants in the focus groups
Public officials in local
municipalities
Public officials in county and
regional bodies
Farmers
Workers in trade, tourism,
services sector
Landscape Users (for recreation)
Local associations with interest for
environment
Local associations with interest for
cultural and sporting outdoor
activities
Inhabitantslocal origins
Inhabitantsfor choice
Inhabitants in the external area
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methodology and activities
1, definition of issues of interest forlandscape policies
2, web surveys, in order to test theissues social relevance and toidentify new topics
3, mapping actors and stakeholders
4, focus groups: social values andaspirations
5, final focus group: discussion onlandscape public policies (in part.regional plan), and local initiatives
6, (forthcoming) landscape Forum:celebration! +dissemination
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Focus groups, phase IIaspirations
the topics
Discussing the results of the
previous meetings,
comparing with the assessment
and the objectives of the
Regional Landscape Plan
A. Identity, values and
problems;
A. Dynamics, prospects;
B. Objectives
[+Planning measures]
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Participation in policies & planning
a challenge
How can we stimulate people in such
a way that they can imagine the
futureof their landscape? A
landscape that is not in front of
their eyes, and that could be
different from the pasts heritage
Aspirations> Objectives > Measures
how can people comprehend the
effects of landscape policies
and plans?
how can people deal withstrategies and plans at the
regional scale (or, wider then
local)?
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Focus groups, phase Isocial values
the topics
Schedule of the discussion
A. Values and problemsImageability, sense of place; positiveand negative factors; boundaries
B. DynamicsChanges; tendencies; reasons why
C. key landscape functions for thefuture of the area
Preferences, and public debate
D. Role of the L. Observatory
List of suggested landscapefunctions:
Ecological f., conservation ofnature
Agricultural production
Conservation and enhancementof cultural heritage
Education
Recreation, tourism, leisure andsport (and related economic f.)
Abitare (settlements & servicesfor inhabitants)
Other:
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Focus groups, Phase I- social values
the results
Natureis the most important
factor for landscape identity
(much more then cultural
heritage);
Economyis the most important
concern for the future; conditions
to remain to live here
Sustainable agriculture and
tourism are the preferred
objectives
Awareness raising & Networking
are the proposed strategies
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Focus groups, phase IIaspirations
the results
People agree with the assessment
and the objectives of the RLP, BUT:
They have different priorities;
They can distinguish landscape
from territory, but they focus onterritorial strategies
They are not confident in top-
down initiatives, and do prefer to
be personally engaged in a
horizontal network They are confident in the role of
the Landscape Observatory
I believed to be the champion of a
change from individual, but now it
seems to me that a large-scale vision
is needed
We need faith, we need to know
our landscape and make it be known
by other people
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Conclusions. Landscape and Participation
an appropriate procedure for participation can:
identify landscape characters at large-scale according topeople perceptions, so contributing to the technical processof landscape planning;
identify relevant issues and objectives for regional policies(spatial, rural, landscape policies);
give an important role to Landscape Observatories, asintermediate actors between institutions and citizens;
stimulate new activities and initiatives in the local arena,linking people on the basis of interest and aspirations for theirlandscape.
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A research-action in Piedmont Region
credits
Politecnico di Torino-DIST
Osservatorio del paesaggio dellAnfiteatro
Morenico di Ivrea
2013-2014
Research group:
Claudia Cassatella,
Alfredo Mela,
Raffaele Germano,
Bianca Seardo
Graphics and photos by R. Germano
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References
Council of Europe, European Landscape Convention, 2000
Recommendation CM/Rec(2008)3 of the Committee of Ministers to member states
on the guidelines for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention
Italian Republic, Code of Cultural Heritage and Landscape(n. 42/2004and subsequent modifications and integrations)
Cassatella C. (editor) 2009, Landscape to be, Marsilio, Venice
Gambino R., Cassatella C., Devecchi M., Larcher F., 2013. Networking European Landscape Observatories: the Florence
Charter, 13th Council of Europe Meeting of the Workshops for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention(2-3 october 2013, Cetijnie, Montenegro)
http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/heritage/Landscape/ReunionAteliers/cetinje/speech/Italy-Gambino.pdf
Mela A., Ciaffi D., 2006. Urbanistica partecipata, Carocci, Roma
Gambino R., Cassatella C., Devecchi M., Larcher F. (editors) 2013. Issue Landscape Observatories in Europe from the ELC
Recommendations to Local Initiatives. Firenze, 27-28th June 2013. Quaderni di Careggi, Vol. V
http://www.uniscape.eu/allegati/Quaderni%20di%20Careggi-%20Fifth%20issue-%20Landscape%20Observatories.pdf
Germano R. 2014. Evolving landscape: paesaggio, percezione e partecipazione: un metodo di ricerca-azione con
lOsservatorio del paesaggio per lanfiteatro morenico di Ivrea; M.Sc Thesis, Politecnico di Torino; Tutor C. Cassatella ; co-tutors A. Mela, B.M. Seardo. http://opac.biblio.polito.it:80/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000353625&local_base=TESW
Landscape Observatory of AMI, website: http://www.osservatoriopaesaggioami.it/
PiedmontsLandscape Observatories Network, website
http://www.osservatoriodelpaesaggio.org/Coordinamento%20Osservatori%20del%20paesaggio.htm
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