Page 1 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
An Introduction to ISO 19130– Imagery Sensor Models for Geopositioning
Briefing to CEOS WGISS on September 24, 2008 in Boulder, Colorado
Liping Di
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems (CSISS)
George Mason University
6301 Ivy Lane, Suite 620
Greenbelt, MD 20770
Page 2 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Contents
• Briefing on ISO 19130 project– The scope of ISO 19130– Background and history– Schedule – Contents of the latest version of standard
• A invitation for CEOS WGISS to contribute
Page 3 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Introduction
• Numerous sensors are collecting data. – Geopositioning is a fundamental processing step before the data become
useful.
• Current situation: the diversity of sensor types and the lack of a common sensor model standard. Data from different producers
– contain different parametric information– lack parameters required to describe the sensor that produces the data– lack ancillary data necessary for geopositioning and analyzing the data.
• The problem– A separate software package often has to be developed to deal with data
from each individual sensor or data producer.– Unable to archive the plug-in-and-play capability sought by the constellation
and sensor web concepts.
• The solution: Standard sensor models and geolocation metadata – Allow the development of generalized geopositioning software. – Promote interoperability of data between sensors– facilitate data exchange.
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
What is ISO 19130
• Identifies the information required to determine the relationship between the position of a remotely sensed pixel in image coordinates and its geoposition.
• Defines the metadata to be distributed with the image to enable user determination of geographic position from the observations.
• ISO 19130 specifies four ways in which geolocation information may be provided.
– A sensor description with the associated physical and geometric information necessary to rigorously construct a Physical Sensor Model.
• General sensor model components• Detail models for frame, pushbroom, whiskbroom, and SAR sensors, constructed
from those components as examples. – A True Replacement Model, using functions whose coefficients are based
on a Physical Sensor Model. – A Correspondence Model that provides a functional fitting based on
observed relationships between the geopositions of a set of ground control points and their image coordinates.
– A set of Ground Control Points that can be used to develop a Correspondence Model or to refine a Physical Sensor Model or True Replacement Model.
Page 5 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
History
• Started in March 2001– 20 experts from 12 countries and 3 international organizations formed
the project team
– Chaired by Liping Di of U.S.
• Removed from ISO TC 211 program of work in March 2006 due to funding issue.
• Reintroduced into ISO TC 211 program of work in February 2008 by U.S. with additional sensor types covered.– After long preparation work by U.S. INCITS L1 sensor modeling group
chaired by Liping Di of GMU and Bill Craig of NGA/SeiCorp
– Progress very rapidly since the reintroduction
• Currently an ISO 19130 document is being voted by the members of ISO TC 211 members as ISO Draft Technical Specification (ISO DTS)
Page 6 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
ISO 19130 Project Schedule
• 1 Aug 08: ISO/TC 211 issues DTS inquiry for 3 month ballot.• 31 Oct 08: Ballot closed.• 01-03 Dec 08: 19130 Editing Committee Meeting to adjudicate
comments (in conjunction with TC 211 Plenary) in Japan • January 2009: Edited DTS to ISO TC 211. • May 2009: DTS published as TS at ISO’s convenience.
Page 7 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
The 19130 DTS Draft Version
• The current 19130 DTS draft includes:– 8 clauses– 3 normative annexes– 3 informative annexes– An introduction clause
• The draft currently has 164 pages
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Geopositioning, Geolocating, and Georeferencing
• Geopositioning: determining the ground coordinates of an object from image coordinates.
• Geolocating: geopositioning an object using a sensor model
• Georeferencing: geopositioning an object using a correspondence model derived from a set of points for which both ground and image coordinates are known.
Page 9 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
The Table of Contents of 19130
• Introduction• 1 Scope• 2 Conformance• 3 Normative references• 4 Terms and definitions• 5 Symbols and abbreviated terms• 6 Image geopositioning: overview and common elements • 7 Physical Sensor Model• 8 True replacement models and correspondence models
• Annex A Conformance and testing (normative)• Annex B Geolocation information data dictionary (normative)• Annex C Coordinate systems (normative)• Annex D Frame sensor model metadata profile supporting precise
geopositioning (informative)• Annex E Pushbroom / Whiskbroom sensor model metadata profile
(informative)• Annex F Synthetic Apeture Radar sensor model metadata profile
supporting precise geopositioning (informative)
Page 10 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Top Level UML Model
class SD_SensorMo...
SD_PhysicalSensorModel SD_TrueReplacementModel
SD_SensorModel
+ forImageID: CharacterString
SD_CorrespondenceModel
{XOR}
«Abstract»Metadata for Imagery::
MI_GeolocationInformation
Metadata for Imagery::MI_GCPCollection
+ collectionIdentification: Integer+ collectionName: CharacterString+ coordinateReferenceSystem: MD_ReferenceSystem
+correspondenceModel1.. *+trueReplacementModel1.. *+physicalSensorModel 1.. *
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
GCP Modelclass Control Points (2)
MI_GeolocationInformation
Metadata for Imagery::MI_GCPCollection
+ collectionIdentification: Integer+ collectionName: CharacterString+ coordinateReferenceSystem: MD_ReferenceSystem
Metadata for Imagery::MI_GCP
+ geographicCoordinates: DirectPosition
SD_ LocationGCP
+ gridCoordinates: CV_GridCoordinatesSD_ ImageIdentifiableGCP
+ description: CharacterString
SD_ GCPRepository
+ accessRestricted: Boolean+ accessInformation: CI_Contact
constraints{if self.accessRestricted = 'false' then self.controlPoints->size = 1 else self.controlPoints->size >= 0 endif}
SD_FittingFunction
SD_ GriddedGCPCollection
+ dimension: Integer+ origin: DirectPosition+ offsets: Sequence<Vector>+ interpolation: CV_InterpolationMethod [0..1]
+controlPoints
0..1
0..1
+gcp 1.. *
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Overview of Physical Sensor Model
class SD_PhysicalSensorModel ...
SD_PhysicalSensorModel
+ regionOfValidity: CV_GridPoint [3..*]
SD_PlatformParameters
+ dynamics: SD_PlatformDynamics [1..*]+ offsetOf INS: Vector [0..1]+ platformPosition: SD_Position
SD_SensorParameters
Metadata for Imagery::MI_Platform
+ citation: CI_Citation [0..*]+ identifier: MD_Identifier [0..*]+ description: CharacterString+ sponsor: CI_ResponsibleParty [0..*]
+sensorInformation1
+platformInformation 1
+platformIdentification 1
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Position
class SD_Position (10)
«DataType»SD_Position
+ navigationalConfidence: DQ_PositionalAccuracy [0..1]
constraints{self.navigationalConfidence.nameOfMeasure = 'covarianceMatrix'}
«DataType»SD_OrbitMeasuredLocation
+ argumentOfPerigee: Angle+ bStarDrag: Real [0..1]+ eccentricity: Real+ epoch: DateTime+ inclination: Angle+ meanAnomaly: Angle [0..1]+ meanMotion: Real+ perigeePassageTime: DateTime [0..1]+ period: TM_Duration [0..1]+ referenceCRS: SC_CRS+ revNumber: Integer [0..1]+ rightAscensionAscendingNode: Angle+ semiMajorAxis: Length [0..1]
constraints{(self.meanMotion->size + self.period->size + self.semimajorAxis ->size) >=1}{(self.meanAnomaly->size + self.perigeePassTime->size) >=1}
«DataType»SD_EarthMeasuredLocation
+ position: DirectPosition
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Dynamics
class SD_Dynamics (12)
SD_Dynamics
+ attitude: SD_Attitude [0..1]+ velocity: Velocity [0..1]+ acceleration: Acceleration [0..*]+ angularVelocity: AngularVelocity [0..1]+ angularAcceleration: AngularAcceleration [0..1]+ dateTime: DateTime
SD_PlatformDynamics
+ trueHeading: Angle [0..1]+ yaw: Angle [0..1]
constraints{(self.attitude->size + self.yaw->size) = 1}{(self.velocity->size + self.trueHeading->size) <=1}
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Sensor Parameters
class SD_SensorParameters (14)
SD_DetectorArray
+ numberOfDimensions: Integer+ arrayDimensions: Sequence<SD_ArrayDimension>+ detectorShape: SD_ShapeCode [0..1]+ detectorSize: Length+ distortion: SD_Distortion
SD_SensorParameters
+ offsetAndOrientation: SD_PositionAndOrientation [1..*]]+ referenceTime: DateTime [1..*]]]+ operationalMode: CharacterString [0..1]]
constraints{If self.identification.type='frame' or self.identification.type='pushbroom' or self.identification.type='whiskbroom' then self.detector->size=1 else self.detector ->size=0 endif}
SD_SensorSystemAndOperation
+ collectionStartTime: DateTime [0..1]+ collectionEndTime: DateTime [0..1]
«Data Type»SD_GSD
+ columnSpacing: Distance+ rowSpacing: Distance+ gsdCRS: MD_ReferenceSystem+ rangeIPR: Distance [0..1]+ azimuthIPR: SD_AzimuthMeasure [0..1]+ referenceSurface: SD_SurfaceCode
SD_Sensor
+ calibration: SD_Calibration [0..1]+ mode: CharacterString [0..1]+ operationalBand: MI_Band [0..1]
«Union»SD_AzimuthMeasure
+ distance: Distance+ azimuth: Angle
«DataType»SD_Calibration
+ calibrationAgency: CI_ResponsibleParty+ calibrationDate: Date
«CodeList»SD_ShapeCode
+ circular+ square
«CodeList»SD_SurfaceCode
+ ground+ inflatedEllipsoid+ ortho+ slant
Metadata for Imagery::MI_Instrument
+ citation: CI_Citation [0..*]+ identifier: MD_Identifier+ type: CharacterString+ description: CharacterString [0..1]
«DataType»SD_ArrayDimension
+ name: CharacterString+ size: Integer
+identification
1
+systemAndOperation 1
+detector 0..1
+gsdPropert ies0..1
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Sensor System and Operationclass SD_SensorSystemAndOperation (15)
SD_SensorSystemAndOperation
+ collectionStartTime: DateTime [0..1]+ collectionEndTime: DateTime [0..1]
SD_Optics SD_Microwave
SD_OpticsOperation
+ instFieldOfView: Angle+ scanDuration: TM_IntervalLength+ swathFieldOfView: Angle
SD_OpticalSystem
+ calibratedFocalLength: Length+ qualityOfFocalLength: DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy [0..1]+ princPointAutoColl: DirectPosition+ covPrincPtAutocoll: DQ_PositionalAccuracy [0..1]
constraints{self.qualityofFocallength.nameOfMeasure = 'variance'}
SD_SAROperation
+ orientation: SD_SAROrientationCode+ grpPosition: DirectPosition
«CodeList»SD_SAROrientationCode
+ left+ right
SD_Distortion
+ princPointOfSymmetry: DirectPosition+ qualityOfPrincPointOfSymmetry: DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy
constraints{self.qualityofPrincPointOfSymmetry.nameOfMeasure = 'confidence interval'}
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Fitting Functionclass SD_FittingFunction (18)
SD_ FittingFunction
SD_Polynomial
+ resultDimension: MD_DimensionNameTypeCode
SD_RationalPolynomial
SD_PolynomialCoefficient
+ value: RealSD_Variable
+ dimension: MD_DimensionNameTypeCode+ power: Integer+ scaleFactor: Real [0..1]+ translationValue: Real [0..1]
MI_GCPCollection
SD_ GridGCPCollection
+variable
0..*
+coefficient 1.. *
+denominator
1
+numerator 1
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
True Replacement Model
class SD_TrueReplacementModel (20)
SD_TrueReplacementModel
+ regionOfValidity: CV_GridPoint [3..*]+ fittingFunction: SD_FittingFunction+ accuracy: DQ_PositionalAccuracy
constraints{self.accuracy.nameOfMeasure = 'covariance matrix'}
SD_PhysicalSensorModel
«derive»
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Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
Correspondence Model
class SD_CorrespondenceModel (...
SD_CorrespondenceModel
+ regionOfValidity: CV_GridPoint [3..*]+ fittingFunction: SD_FittingFunction
MI_GeolocationInformation
Metadata for Imagery::MI_GCPCollection
SD_ GCPRepository
{XOR}
+controlPoints 0..1
+controlPoints
0..1
0..1+repositoryGCP 1
«derive»
Page 20 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
How Can CEOS Contribute to 19130
• Review current draft DTS– provide any comments in ISO format– Nominate an expert to the 19130 Editing
Committee as the WGISS representative. – submit the comments and nomination to ISO TC
211 secretariat through WGISS liaison to ISO TC 211
• Due date for the submission- Oct 31, 2008
Page 21 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
What is Next in ISO TC 211
• ISO standard on Calibration and Validation of Remote Sensing Data– We are looking for funding support to start this project.
Page 22 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
IGARSS 2009 DADTC Special Invited Sessions
• Cape Town, South Africa July 13-17.• The Data Archiving and Distribution Technical Committee of IEEE
GRSS is organizing three invited sessions– Earth Observation Sensor Web
• Chair: Dr. Liping Di ([email protected], George Mason University)• Co-Chair: Karen Moe ([email protected], NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center)
– Advances in Data Systems to Support Future Earth Observation Missions
• Chair: Dr. Liping Di ([email protected], George Mason University, USA)• Co-Chair: Ken McDonald ([email protected], National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, USA )
– Progress in Use of Web Services to Enhance Earth Science Research in a Highly Distributed Environment
• Chair: Hampapuram K. Ramapriyan (Rama), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, [email protected]
• Co-Chair: Francis Lindsay, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, [email protected]
• Welcome WGISS members to contribute papers– Please contact chair or co-chair of the sessions for your contributions.
Page 23 CSISS
Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University
17th International Conference on Geoinformatics
• Annual Conference since 1992.• 17th conference on August 12-14, 2009 in Fairfax, VA, organized by George Mason
University (http://www.geoinformatics2009.org)• Themes include but not limited to
– Earth observation technology, data systems, and applications– Geospatial Semantic Web, Sensor Web, Grid, and Web Portal– Geospatial Web Services and service quality, and Workflow-oriented geospatial
decision support system,– Virtual Globes and their application to scientific research and daily life– Geospatial Interoperability and standards– Automated object extraction and database updates from imagery– Integration of RS, GIS and GPS (3S)– LIDAR technology for DEM generation and 3D modeling– Geospatial education, such as virtual globes-based virtual education– Acquisition and processing of Remotely Sensed Data– Information Extraction from Remotely Sensed Data– Theories and Algorithms in GIS– Climate Changes and Global Environment – Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)
• Abstract due: Jan. 30th, 2009. Papers will be published as IEEE proceedings and selected papers will be published in peer-reviewed journals
• Welcome CEOS WGISS members to organize sessions and contribute papers. • Contact Liping Di ([email protected])