Open access- a funders perspective (or “What we want from institutions”)
CRC/RLUK/ARMA/SCONUL meeting
27th January 2011
Robert Kiley, Head Digital Services, Wellcome Library, Wellcome Trust ([email protected])
Overview
• Brief overview of our approach to supporting open access to our funded research
• Discussion of key challenges in researchers meeting funder open access mandates
• Consider how institutions can support our OA policy
• Look at the future priorities for the Trust in terms of OA
OA at the Wellcome Trust: policy
All research papers – funded in whole or in part by the Wellcome Trust – must be made freely accessible from the PubMed Central and UKPMC repositories as soon as possible, and in any event within six months of the journal publisher’s official date of final publication
Working with publishers to support mandate
• Trust has worked with all the major STM publishers – encouraging them to develop “Wellcome-compliant” OA options
• In 2009, 98% of papers – attributed to the Trust – were published in journals that had a “Wellcome compliant” policy
• Of the papers in UKPMC that arise from the Wellcome-mandate, 85% are publisher deposits; 15% author self archiving
Funding to support mandate• Trust believes that dissemination costs are research costs
• Provides funding to cover OA costs when publisher provides the following service:
– deposits the final version of article in PMC on behalf of author
– article is made available at the time of publication (no embargo)
– article is licensed in ways that allows re-use
Total Open Access Expenditure Oct 2005/06 to Jan 2009/10Includes Open Access Block Grants and Supplementations
£0
£500
£1,000
£1,500
£2,000
£2,500
£3,000
£3,500
2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10
Financial Year
Va
lue
£'0
00
Grand Total Open Access
Providing infrastructure to support mandate
• Established UKPMC – with 7 other UK research funders
• At its core UKPMC provides functionality for:
publishers to deposit papers (via PMC) and
authors to self-archive papers
• Programme of development over the last 5 years – led by our partners at the British Library, EBI, and University of Manchester – has resulted in a function-rich repository
Fact extraction from text mining Questions generated in response to query
Compliance? – around 50%• Significant increase from 2006 – but still a long way to go…
Compliance with Wellcome OA mandate
% of papers in PMC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60D
ec-0
6
Mar
-07
Jun-
07
Sep
-07
Dec
-07
Mar
-08
Jun-
08
Sep
-08
Dec
-08
Mar
-09
Jun-
09
Sep
-09
Dec
-09
Mar
-10
Month
Co
mp
lian
ce (
%)
% of papers in PMC
Improving compliance with mandate: role of Funders
• Funders must be explicit about how researchers and institutions can access funding for OA
• Communication Demonstrate the benefits of OA to researchers and institutions
• Monitor compliance Following letter from Wellcome to VC’s significant there was a 52% increase in
author depositions Implemented process for checking for compliance at the time of publication
Sanctions?– Need to proportionate; Persuasive, rather than a punitive approach is preferable
• Repository service development Repository Junction; Institutional view of grants via Grant Lookup Tool
Grant linking facility – facilitated through Wellcome
Improving compliance with mandate: role of publishers
• Simplify process for authors who wish to select an OA option
Build OA option into manuscript submission workflow
Provide follow-up campaigns
• Make explicit the relationship between subscription costs and uptake of OA option
This will give confidence that funders and institutions are not paying access fees twice (“double dipping)
Figure 1: OA integrated into workflow
Figure 2: Follow-up campaign
Improving compliance with mandate: role of institutions: communication• Create awareness of OA policy and its benefits
New WT leaflet; guidance on our web site
• Funding Ensure researchers are aware there is funding (for WT researchers)
to meet OA costs Consider establishing dedicated budgets to meet other OA costs Ensure that OA publishing costs are requested as direct and indirect
costs when applying for research funds (Research Councils)
• Acknowledgement practice Encourage good acknowledgement practice
• Self archiving Where appropriate, encourage self archiving
2009 data shows that only 42% of Wellcome-funded papers – published in Science and Nature – were archived in UKPMC
Improving compliance with mandate: role of institutions (2)
• Monitor OA spend Follow-up with publishers in cases
when OA fee is paid – but article is not deposited
Provide Trust with Annual Report of OA spend
• Monitor compliance
• Support Single point of access for OA support
What next: priorities for the Trust
• Raising compliance Smarter monitoring Commitment to block-grant approach Closer dialogue with investigator
community Active, ongoing communication on Trust’s
mandate and UKPMC
• Developing UKPMC as a Europe-wide resource
Engagement with ELIXIR
• Investigating possible alternative publishing models
Examining potential of new technologies and ways of working