Online tool for depression treatment.
Julia Fedotova3/25/2013
Outl
ine
Depression (Unipolar)• Background• Characteristics• Symptoms• Popular Treatment and Relapse
• The Ultimate Answer tool• Positive psychology• Functionality• Why it could be effective for depression treatment,
prevention and post-treatment maintenance
De
pr
es
sion
St
ati
stics
Most co
mm
on p
sych
iatric
illness
Th
e W
orld
Health
O
rgan
izatio
n p
red
icts that
30%
of th
e w
orld
p
op
ula
tion
will b
e
dep
resse
d b
y 2
02
0D
epre
ssion
is am
ong
top
h
ealth
con
ditio
ns ca
usin
g
disa
bility
in m
ost p
arts o
f th
e W
orld
# 1
cond
ition
that ca
use
s w
ork d
isability
in th
e
Un
ited
Sta
tes o
f Am
erica
Depre
ssion S
ym
pto
ms
Sadn
ess
Negati
ve
aff
ect
(guilt,
sham
e, fe
ar)
Low
S
elf-
Este
emLo
ss of
inte
res
t in
life’s
ple
asu
res
Hop
ele
ssness
Not a normal reaction to life events Prolonged Severe Lack of positive emotions Reoccurring (Natural course: 85% within 10-15 years after
initial episode)
Not always related to personal circumstances
Etio
logy
Gen
etic
Perso
nality
En
viro
nm
en
tal
Bio
log
ical/n
eu
roch
em
ical th
eory:
'chem
ical im
bala
nce
' in th
e b
rain
(p
articu
larly
sero
ton
in a
nd
n
ore
pin
ep
hrin
e n
eu
rotra
nsm
itter
imb
ala
nce
)C
og
nitiv
e th
eory: co
gnitiv
e b
iase
s and
neg
ativ
e v
iew
of se
lf, the
world
an
d th
e fu
ture
are
activ
ate
d
by stre
ssful life
even
ts
Most co
mm
on
treatm
ents
An
tidepre
ssant M
ed
icatio
n is
#1 ch
oice
in th
e U
SA
bout h
alf o
f the p
atie
nts re
spond
Sid
e e
ffects
Hig
h-re
lap
se ra
tes w
hen m
edica
tion is
stop
ped
(Most p
atie
nts re
lapse
with
in 1
year)
Psy
choth
era
py (E
BT su
gg
ests a
shift fro
m
medica
tion p
sych
oth
era
py)
Med
icatio
n/P
sych
oth
era
py co
mb
oM
ost E
ffectiv
e sh
ort te
rmTh
era
py ju
st as e
ffectiv
e a
s over lo
ng te
rm
Psy
choth
era
py
Treatm
ent
Majo
r Psy
choth
era
py
CB
T (co
gnitiv
e-b
ehavio
ral th
era
py)
DYN
(Psy
chodynam
ic thera
py)
IPT (in
terp
erso
nal th
era
py)
PST (P
roble
m-S
olv
ing
thera
py)
BA
(Behavio
ral A
ctivatio
n)
SST (S
ocia
l Skill tra
inin
g)
SU
P (N
on
dire
ctive S
upportiv
e T
hera
py)
No m
ajo
r diff
ere
nce
s in o
utco
mes
in co
mp
ara
tive stu
dy o
f all 7
typ
e
(Cuijp
ers, e
t. al., (2
00
8). 7
meta
-analy
ses o
f 53 stu
die
s/2,7
57 p
atie
nts)
IPT slig
htly
more
eff
ectiv
eS
UP slig
htly
less e
ffectiv
eC
BT a
nd IP
T a
re b
est tre
atm
ent o
ptio
ns
( Em
pirica
lly su
pporte
d/la
bora
tory
settin
gs)
(Weste
n, e
t. al, 2
0004)
Require
main
tenance
Rela
pse
-recu
rrence
Post C
BT
treatm
ent w
ith
no co
ntin
uatio
n
thera
py
29
% w
ithin
1 y
ear
54
% w
ithin
2 y
ears
Com
para
ble
to o
ther
psy
choth
era
pie
s, bu
t low
er
than
for p
harm
aco
log
y
Contin
uatio
n-
phase
CB
T
reduce
d re
lapse
-re
curre
nce
21
% a
t en
d o
f the
con
tinu
atio
n tre
atm
en
t (1
2%
sup
erio
r to o
ther
psy
choth
era
py tre
atm
en
ts) 2
9%
at 1
year fo
llow
up
(V
itteg
al, C
lark
, Du
nn
& Ja
rrett,
20
07
, meta
-an
aly
sis of 2
8
world
pu
blish
ed
stud
ies
inclu
din
g 1
,88
0 p
articip
an
ts )
Base
d o
n p
ositiv
e p
sych
olo
gy
(Selig
man
)Id
en
tify re
silien
ce fa
ctors th
rou
gh
re
search
on
failu
re a
nd
help
lessn
ess
Bu
ild re
silien
ce skills
Op
timism
is a ke
y/in
terp
reta
tion
of
neg
ativ
e e
ven
ts as:
Tem
pora
ry
Loca
lC
hangeab
le
PE
RM
A: B
uild
ing
blo
cks o
f resilie
nce
Positiv
e e
motio
nEng
agem
ent
Rela
tion
ship
sM
eanin
g
Acco
mplish
ment
On
line
too
l
Take survey Ponder
Ask or answer questions
Search the database for the solutions
Track results
Make wish list
Keep a journal
1 2 3
4
5
6
Want is important now?
7
#Category 0-10
1Basics 2Health 3Environment 4Family 5Friends 6Community 7Love 8Hobby 9Self-esteem
10Autonomy 11Work 12Money 13Respect 14Flexibility 15Acceptance 16Presence 17Learning 18Values 19Passion 20Giving
See your graphs
impotancece(x,y,z)*weight_type(x,y,z)* SUM(importansatisfaction(x,y,z))=
8
Why it ca
n b
e e
ffectiv
e
Sim
ilarity
to IP
T a
nd
oth
er e
ffectiv
e
treatm
en
ts.Fo
cuse
s on p
rese
nt a
nd
inte
nd
s to b
ring life
changes
It help
s to id
entify
are
as th
at
require
the m
ost a
ttentio
nA
llow
s to p
ursu
e stra
tegie
s sp
ecifi
c to th
e id
entifi
ed
pro
ble
m a
reas
Help
s anticip
ate
inte
rperso
nal
triggers fo
r depre
ssive
sym
pto
ms
Journ
al/Tra
ck changes o
ver tim
e
and se
e p
atte
rns
Self-re
porte
d/S
ubje
ctive
Well B
ein
gEm
pirica
l Evid
ence
for
positiv
e p
sych
olo
gy
inte
rven
tion
suse
strength
in n
ew
way &
gra
titude o
nlin
e e
xercise
s (S
elig
man, 2
005).
Wh
y it
can
be
eff
ect
ive
May h
elp
to
inte
rpre
t even
ts as lo
cal
20 ca
teg
orie
s
May h
elp
to
inte
rpre
t even
ts as te
mp
ora
ryTra
cking o
ver tim
e
Journ
al
Learn
ing a
bout
people
experie
nce
s th
rough se
arch
ing
for a
nsw
ers
May h
elp
to
inte
rpre
t even
ts as ch
an
geab
leTra
cking o
ver tim
e
Journ
al
Learn
ing a
bout
people
experie
nce
s th
rough se
arch
ing
for a
nsw
ers
Why it can be effective May lead to positive emotion
Realization how well one is doing in all other areas of life Realization may lead to gratitude and the gratitude exercise
showed the largest positive changes in Seligman’s study. Sharing emotions and feelings with others By helping other people who are going through the same issues Writing about experiences and emotions
Journal/questions Wish list
Not alone in their suffering Empathy from people who give advice
Advanta
ges
Free
Onlin
e!
Availa
ble
real-tim
e, a
ny tim
eM
ain
tenan
ce th
era
py is n
ot fre
quent (e
very
oth
er w
eek, m
on
thly
)C
an a
sk a q
uestio
ns o
r get su
pport fro
m
oth
ers w
hen n
eed it. (co
mpare
to b
y-m
onth
ly)
IPT a
n C
BT a
re tim
e-lim
ited
Don’t h
ave to
be d
iagnose
d w
ith
depre
ssion
An
on
ym
ou
sSham
eM
en a
re le
ss likely
to se
ek tre
atm
ent
No stig
ma
Advanta
ges
Availa
ble
to e
very
on
e Varie
ty o
f conditio
ns d
iffer in
severity
and
tim
e co
urse
DSM
-IV ca
tegorie
s not e
mpirica
lly
sup
porte
d a
nd co
ntro
versia
l. (Weste
n, e
t. al., 2
004
). Pre
ventio
ns
Ad
equate
treatm
ent is n
ot a
vaila
ble
to
every
on
eTh
era
pist p
ractice
wh
at th
ey a
re tra
ined to
do a
nd
not n
ece
ssarily
the e
mpirica
lly
sup
porte
d ty
pes o
f thera
pie
s (Weste
n e
t al.,2
004)
NO
every
one re
sponds to
conventio
nal
treatm
ent
Insu
rance
mig
ht n
ot b
e a
vaila
ble
for
main
tenan
ce tre
atm
ents
Oth
er tre
atm
ents m
ight n
ot b
e a
fford
ab
le
Th
e
Me
ssag
e
Ma
rketing
cam
paig
nMo
bile
en
ab
led
Future Directions
The Ultimate Answer on-line tool can be an effective solution for depression treatment as well as prevention and post-treatment maintenance.
Q&
A
ultimate_answer
TheUltimateAnswer
We would love to hear your feedback!
Thank you!
• What would make you to use on-line tool?• Who would you rather get answers from?
• People who experienced similar issues or moods in the past
• Professional psychologist?• Psychiatrist?• Anyone who is available to share or give an advice?
• Questions
www.TheUltimateAnswer.org
Refe
rence
s
Butcher J.N
., Munika, S
., Ho
oley, J.M (2009
). Abn
orma
l P
sychology(14th Ed.).B
oston: Pearson E
ducation, Inc.C
uijp
ers, P., v
an S
trate
n A
., Andersso
n, G
., Oppen,
P.(2008
). Journ
al o
f Consu
lting a
nd C
linica
l Psy
cholo
gy. Psy
choth
era
py fo
r Depre
ssion
in
Adu
lts: A M
eta
-An
aly
sis of C
om
para
tive O
utco
me
Stu
die
s. 6 (7
6), p
. 909-9
22
Hollo
n, D
., Thase
, M.,, M
arkiw
itz, J. (2002
) Tre
atm
ent a
nd P
reventio
n o
f Depre
ssion.
Psy
cholo
gica
l Scie
nce
in th
e p
ublic in
tere
st 3(2
), p. 4
2 – 7
7.
Lyubom
irsky, S
. (2007). T
he h
ow
of h
ap
pin
ess: A
new
appro
ach
to g
ettin
g th
e life
you
wan
t. New
Yo
rk: Pe
ngu
in P
ress.
Penn
ebake
r J. W. W
riting A
bout E
motio
nal
Exp
erin
ce. (1
997) P
sych
olo
gica
l Scie
nce
, 8(3
), p.
16
2-1
66.
Tan S
. (200
6). Jo
urn
al o
f Psy
cholo
gy a
nd
Christia
nity
, Vol. 2
5(1
), p. 6
8-7
3. A
pp
lied Po
sitive
Psy
cholo
gy: P
uttin
g Po
sitive Psy
cholo
gy in
to
Pra
cticeSelig
man, M
. E. P., S
teen, T. A
., Park
, N., &
Pe
terso
n, C
. (2005
). Positiv
e p
sych
olo
gy p
rogre
ss: Em
pirica
l valid
atio
nof in
terv
en
tions. A
merica
n
Psy
choio
gist, 6
0,4
10-4
21.
Vitte
ngl, J., Ja
rrett, R
., Cla
rk, L. (2
009
). C
ontin
uatio
n-P
hase
Cognitiv
e T
hera
py’s E
ffect o
n
Rem
ission a
nd R
eco
very. Jo
urn
al o
f Consu
lting a
nd
Clin
ical P
sych
olo
gy, 7
7(2
), 367
– 371.
Wad
a, K
., Sasa
ki, T., Jitsuik
i, H., Yo
shim
ura
, Y., Era
bi, H
., Had
a, Y., Ya
mash
ita, M
. (2
00
6).M
anic/H
ypom
anic S
witch
Durin
g A
cute
A
ntid
ep
ressa
nt Tre
atm
ent fo
r Unip
ola
r Depre
ssion
Jo
urn
al o
f Clin
ical P
sych
op
harm
aco
log
y. 26
(5),
51
2-5
15
Weste
n D
., Novotn
y, C
., Thom
pso
n-B
ren
ner, H
. (2
00
4). T
he E
mpirica
l Sta
tus o
f Em
pirica
lly
Su
pporte
d Psy
choth
era
pie
s: Assu
mp
tions,
Findin
gs, a
nd R
ep
ortin
g in
Contro
lled
Clin
ical
Trials.