One-Seg & Mobile broadcasting
DOCUMENT #: GSC13-GRSC6-16r1
FOR: Presentation
SOURCE: ARIB (NHK)
AGENDA ITEM: GRSC-6 4.3 (Mobile Multimedia)
CONTACT(S): [email protected]
Masami Fujita
Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)
Submission Date: July 8, 2008
2
• Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan– On December 1, 2003, Japan launched digital terrestrial television
broadcasting (DTTB) using the Integrated Service Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T) transmission system.
– ISDB-T is recommended in Rec. ITU-R BT.1306. – ISDB-T is robust transmission system because it uses OFDM and
time interleaving.
• One-Seg– One-segment services for handheld receivers (called “One-Seg”) can
be provided simultaneously with one 6MHz TV channel, in addition to HDTV (or multi-channel SDTV).
– On April 1, 2006, One-Seg services began in Japan.– More than 30 million One-Seg receivers have been shipped so far.– Various kinds of One-Seg receivers are available on the market.– One-Seg is provided free of charge.
Highlight of Current Activities (1)
to slide 8,9
3
Highlight of Current Activities (2)
• BST-OFDM technology– NHK developed the Band Segmented Transmission OFDM (BST-
OFDM) technology for ISDB-T in 1996.– ISDB-T consists of 13 OFDM segments.– The system supports hierarchical transmissions of up to three layers,
and parameters can be changed in each layers.– Typically we use two layers. One is a layer for HDTV with 12
segments using 64QAM, and the other is a layer for One-Seg with 1 segment using QPSK.
– Example of Information bit rate is 16.85Mbps (for HDTV) and 416kbps (for One-Seg).
• Features of One-Seg– Not only video & audio, but data, closed caption, and Electric
Program Guide are transmitted in One-Seg.– One-Seg is a new medium that realizes the convergence of
broadcasting & communications on the mobile terminal.to slide 10,11
4
Strategic Direction
• Termination of Analog TV services– Plans call for digital terrestrial broadcasting to reach all homes in Japan
by July 2011.– By July 2011, both analog terrestrial and satellite broadcasting are
scheduled to be terminated. – At this point, Japan will have completed the transition to all-digital TV
broadcasting.
• Digital Radio– Digital terrestrial radio (DR) test transmission started in October 2003.– Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association
(DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK, several commercial radio stations, etc.
– DR uses a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7) for the test transmission.– ISDB-TSB (Sound Broadcasting) transmission system is adopted for DR.
to slide 12,13
5
Challenges
• Recent topics in One-Seg– Independent program service
It is possible to broadcast independent program service in One-Seg (non-simultaneous program to 12 segments) from April 2008
by legal changes.NTV started to broadcast independent One-Seg test service for sports programs.NHK announced the start of independent One-Seg service using
educational channel from April 2009.– Multi-channel service in One-Seg
It is possible to send up to 3 programs in One-Seg.TOKYO MX started 2 programs One-Seg service when they broadcast multi-channel service from June 2008.
• Research & Development in One-Seg– NHK have been developing Connected One-Seg Re-transmission
System.– NHK have been developing Automatic Activation of One-Seg
Receivers by emergency warning broadcast system. (See slide 20,21)
6
Next Steps/Actions
• VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination– Frequency bandwidth for terrestrial television will be reduced from 370MHz to
240MHz.– VHF Low (18MHz) & VHF High (14.5MHz) will be allocated for non-TV
broadcasting services. (e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers)
• Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers– There’s a chance to start new multimedia broadcasting services for mobile
receivers with VHF Low & VHF High. – ISDB-TSB, ISDB-Tmm (Mobile Multimedia), etc are now under consideration for
new services.– One-Seg, ISDB-TSB, and ISDB-Tmm are all ISDB-T family that introduce the
BST-OFDM technology. (See slide 22)
– VHF Low would be assigned for local services, and VHF High would be assigned for national services according to the report about the multimedia broadcasting.
– The report said it is necessary to fix the industries that will provide new services by the middle of 2010 to start broadcasting after July 2011.
– ARIB is now preparing for the new download services for multimedia broadcasting.
to slide 14
7
Supplemental Slides
8
Number of receivers- Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg -
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1/20
04
4/20
04
7/20
04
10/2
004
1/20
05
4/20
05
7/20
05
10/2
005
1/20
06
4/20
06
7/20
06
10/2
006
1/20
07
4/20
07
7/20
07
10/2
007
1/20
08
4/20
08
Num
ber
of r
ecei
vers
(cu
mul
ativ
e to
tal)
Digital terrestrial *1
One-Seg *2
million
Digital terrestrial broadcasting12/2003
4/2006One-Seg service
*1 Digital television + Terrestrial digital tuner + Cable digital STB ( Total number of Television: about 115 million, 7/2007 )
Number of receivers of Digital terrestrial broadcasting & Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner
*2 Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner ( Total number of Mobile phone: 103 million, 4/2008 )
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, etc
More than 30,000 million
One-seg receivers
9
One-Seg receivers- Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg -
Mobile Phones
Portable Games
PCs with One-Seg
Car Navigators
Portable Dictionary
Portable PlayersUSB type One-Seg tuners
(From Homepage)
to slide 3
10
13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
On-air program
Data service
12 Segments
1 Segment
HDTV
64QAMFEC = 3/4
(16.851Mbps)
12 Segs 1 Seg
QPSKFEC = 2/3 (416kbps)
(6/14 MHz)
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -
11
Watching TV program and reading data on TV
Watch TV InternetTV & InternetTV & Data
BML
Broadcasting station
BML
Watching TV program on full screen
Watching TV program and reading data on the
Internet
Viewing or reading on the Internet
Broadcasting station
Broadcasting CommunicationsConvergence
to slide 4
BML , HTML
Convergence of Broadcasting & Communications
- BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg -
12
Ter
rest
rial
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20122011
Sat
ellit
e
Analog SD
Digital12/2003
4/2006One-Seg
Analog SD
Analog HDwas over10/2007
12/2000Digital
Digital Radio 10/2003Test transmission
24/7/2011
will be over7/2011
will be over7/2011
Timeline of Digital Broadcasting services- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -
13
ISDB-TSB (Digital Radio)- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -
13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
ハイビジョン Video ※
Data service
1 Segment
1 Seg
QPSKFEC = 1/2 (330kbps)
TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS8 TS9 TS10 TS11 TS12 TS13
3 Segments
TS1 TS2
Image
※ NHK will start video services from July 2008
ISDB-TSB
(Sound Broadcasting)
1 & 3 Segments are used in ISDB-TSB
Digital Radio test transmission
started from 10/2003(8 segments, VHF 7ch)
to slide 5
14
Rearrangement of VHF/UHF- VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination -
Analog TVBroadcasting
90-108MHz1 ~ 3ch
170-222MHz4 ~ 12ch
470-770MHz13 ~ 62ch
18MHz 52MHz 300MHz
18MHz 32.5MHz 240MHz14.5MHz 10MHz 40MHz
GB 5MHz GB 5MHz
470-710MHz13 ~ 52ch 730-770MHz715-725MHz90-108MHz 170-202.5MHz207.5-222MHz
( GB 5MHz )
Now Analog TVBroadcasting
Analog TV BroadcastingDigital TV Broadcasting
FuturePlan
Digital TV Broadcasting(1) (2) (1) (3) (4)
(1) Non TV Broadcasting => e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers (2) Private Telecommunication (Protection against disasters, etc)(3) Intelligent Transport Systems (4) Telecommunications
Schedule plan(1) (2) after July 25, 2011(3) (4) after July 25, 2012
(VHF Low) (VHF High)
to slide 6
15
Chipset of One-Seg receiver- One-Seg -
SHARP documents
Example of One-Seg receiver’s Chipset
Dimensions 9mm×9mm×1.4mm Sensitivity -109.6dBm ~ -105.2dBm Power consumption 77mW ~ 105mW
16
12 Segments 1 segment
Reception Fixed (Mobile) Mobile
Modulation 64QAM QPSK
Code ratio 3/4 2/3
Guard interval 1/8 (126 s) 1/8 (126 s)
Bit rate 16.851Mbps 416kbps 1※
Video coding MPEG-2 (30fps) H.264 (15fps)16:9(320×180), 4:3(320×240)
Audio coding MPEG-2 AAC MPEG-2 AAC+SBR 2※
Data broadcasting BML (XHTML) A Profile BML (XHTML) C Profile
Electric Program GuideOK
(Now + Next + 8days)OK
(Now + Next + 8programs)
Closed caption OK OK
Copy control Yes Yes
CAS Yes No
Example parameters for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
※2 Spectral Band Replication
※1 Example: Video (224kbps), Audio (55kbps), Data (80kbps), Closed caption (5kbps), EPG (20kbps), Control (32kbps)
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T) - BST-OFDM technology -
17
Video coding
Audio coding
Data/ EPG coding
Video
Audio
Data/EPG
12 segs
Video coding
Audio coding
Data/ EPG coding
Video
Audio
Data/EPG
1 seg
Mul
tiple
Con
ditio
nal A
cces
s
Source coding
TS
Re-
Mux
Out
er c
ode
(RS
)
Hie
rarc
hica
l sep
arat
ion
Ene
rgy
disp
ers
al
Del
ay c
ompe
nsat
ion
Byt
e in
terle
ave
Inn
er c
od
e
Bit
inte
rle
ave
Ma
pp
ing
Ene
rgy
disp
ers
al
Byt
e in
terle
ave
Inn
er c
od
e
Bit
inte
rle
ave
Ma
pp
ing
Del
ay c
ompe
nsat
ion
12 segs
1 seg
Laye
r sy
nthe
sis
& r
ate
conv
ersi
on
Tim
e in
terle
ave
Fre
quen
cy in
terle
ave
IFF
T
Gua
rd in
terv
al a
dditi
on
D/A
Up
conv
erte
r
Pow
er A
mp
Ant
enna
OF
DM
fram
e co
nfig
urat
ion
Pilot
TMCC
Aux channel
Channel coding
1 seg
12 segs
Source coding
Configuration of Digital transmission - BST-OFDM technology -
18
Digital Radio- Digital Radio -
Tokyo area
DRP homepage
Osaka area
Digital Terrestrial Radio test transmission started in October 2003, using a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7). Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association (DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK, several commercial radio stations in Tokyo and Osaka, and some new entrants into the digital radio market.
2.4kW 240W
Digital Radio receiver (KDDI)(About 1.8 million receivers, 6/2008)
19
TOKYO MX homepage
One-Seg 1 One-Seg 2
Multi-channel service in One-Seg- Recent topics in One-Seg -
20
Connected One-Seg Re-transmission System- Research & Development in One-Seg -
ch1
Connected One-Seg re-transmission system
Combines only One-Seg signals
ch9 ch10 ch11 ch12 ch13ch8ch4 ch6ch1 ch3 ch5
6MHz
ch7
Air
Re-transmission
Frequency
aboveground
underground
ch2
・ NHK developed a "connected One-Seg re-transmission system" that extracts One-Seg signals from the digital terrestrial broadcast-waves received from individual broadcasters and combines them into a single signal for re-transmission over a channel that is different from any of the receiving channels. ・ A maximum of thirteen One-Seg signals can be re-transmitted. It will be possible to offer community broadcasting localized to a particular area for re-transmission, in addition to One-Seg services from every broadcaster.
ch2 ch3 ch4 ch5 ch7 ch8ISDB-T
Community One-Seg signals
ch6
ch9-13
Frequency
21
Automatic Activation of One-Seg Receivers by EWS- Research & Development in One-Seg -
・ Among the 432 carriers used for One-Seg service, four carriers transmit the activation flag for emergency warning broadcasting. Increasing this to all four carriers, from the previously used two carriers that transmitted the activation flag signal, improved reception sensitivity without increasing power consumption. ・ NHK will work toward the actual implementation of One-Seg and radio receiver with the EWS reception function.
・ The EWS (Emergency Warning broadcast System) automatically activates receivers when a disaster happens, such as an earthquake or Tsunami.・ NHK developed EWS compatible adaptor that can be connected to a One-Seg receiver.・ The low power consumption achieved by performing intermittent reception of the One-Seg activation flag, which is transmitted approximately every 0.2 seconds, showed the prospect of continuous standby operation for about two weeks without recharging.
Prototype of EWS adaptor
22
ISDB-Tmm - Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers -
・ ISDB-Tmm (Mobile Multimedia) is new multimedia broadcast method that is based on the ISDB-T international standard. ・ The features of ISDB-Tmm is flexible structure of segments.・ It is possible to download the contents through the air.・ MMBP (MultiMedia Broadcasting Planning LLC) was created in December 2006 for the purpose of surveying and researching new mobile multimedia broadcast technologies and business models. MMBP started field testing of ISDB-Tmm in March 2008 using the Tokyo Tower.
Impress AV Watch
Demonstration of ISDB-TmmISDB-T, ISDB-TSB, ISDB-Tmm
23
Transmission Parameter Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3
No. of OFDM segments 13
Bandwidth 5.575 MHz 5.573 MHz 5.572 MHz
Carrier interval 3.968 kHz 1.984 kHz 0.992 kHz
No. of carriers 1405 2809 5617
Modulation system QPSK , 16QAM , 64QAM , DQPSK
Effective symbol length 252 s 504 s 1.008 ms
Guard-interval length 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length
No. of symbols per frame 204
Time interleave Maximum 4 values: 0, about 0.13, 0.25, 0.5 sec
Frequency interleave Intra-segment or inter-segment interleaving
Inner code Convolutional coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8)
Outer code RS (204, 188)
Information bit rate 3.65 Mpbs - 23.23 Mbps
Hierarchical transmission Maximum 3 levels
Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial digital television broadcasting
Basic transmission parameters
24
ARIB standards and ITU-R recommendations for ISDB-T
ARIB standards, ITU-R recommendations
25
The emblem are hidden in a program
Discover the emblem !
Take the emblem into treasure box. → recorded to NVRAM
Example of data broadcasting in One-Seg “MobiTreasure”
MobiTreasure is a treasure-hunt game that employs the most important feature of One-Seg services, i.e., seamless integration of data broadcasting and the Internet.
26
Example of mobile VOD using closed caption as metadata.
Example of mobile VOD through the internet using closed caption as metadata
(3) Viewing
(1) Search
(2) Reading
Keywords“Pitch Shot”
It enables users tosearch by keywords.
User can scroll throughthe text of program stories like a electric book.
User can view a video clip from the point he clicks.