Oil Spills in Coastal Areas:Prevention and Control
Victoria BrojeBren School of Environmental Science and Management
University of California, Santa Barbara
Oil spill modeling
Oil spill location and properties depend on:
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Oil spill modelingOil spill location and properties depend on:
• Initial oil/oil product properties (Chemical composition, density, viscosity, pour point, flash point, maximum water uptake, etc)
• Environmental conditions (Air and sea temperature, wind speed, currents, wave height, water salinity, water sediment load, presence of ice etc.)
• Release conditions (instantaneous, continuous, contained, surface, underwater spill)
• Amount of oil spilled
• Response options
Oil spill modeling – Why even bother?
Application for oil spill modeling:
• Environmental risk assessment for offshore oil fields development.
• Contingency planning.
• Estimation of environmental impact.
Oil spill modeling
What we want to know:
• Where is it? – Hydrodynamic model
• How does it look like? – Oil weathering model
Oil spill modeling Oil Weathering Model:
• density
• viscosity
• evaporation rate
• dispersion rate
• water content
• pour point
• flash point
• spreading rate
• Properties prediction
• Budget graph
• Response efficiency
• Affected areas and species
Hydrodynamic Model
• location
• surface exposure
• amount of stranded oil
• concentration in the water column
Response Actions Model
• amount of oil dispersed
• collected
• burned
Output:
Oil spill modeling
Some equations used for oil weathering modeling (ADIOS model):
Evaporation:
Oil spill modeling
Evaporation:
Oil spill modeling
Dispersion rate:
Oil spill modeling
Dispersion rate:
Oil spill modeling
Emulsification:
Oil spill modeling
Emulsification:
Oil spill modeling
Density:
Oil spill modeling
Density:
Oil spill modeling
Viscosity:
Oil spill modeling
Viscosity:
Oil spill modeling
Spreading:
Oil spill modeling
Spreading:
Oil spill modeling
Spreading
(OWM):
Oil spill modeling - ADIOS
Instantaneous release:
1000 bbl of• Brent Blend
• Coal Oil Point
at sea temperature of 15ºC
at wind speed of 15 m/s
Oil spill modeling - ADIOS
Brent Blend – Coal Oil Point
Brent Blend – Coal Oil Point
Brent Blend – Coal Oil Point
Brent Blend – Coal Oil Point
Brent Blend wind speed 2m/s – wind speed 15m/s
Brent Blend wind speed 2m/s – wind speed 15m/s
Laboratory modelingEvaporation simulation
Laboratory modeling
Emulsification simulation
a) b)a) Emulsification of Kyrtael crude and its residues at 11C
b) Emulsification of Bolshepurgovskaya crude and its residues at 11C (from left to the right: 250C+, 200C+, 150C+, crude)
OSCAR model
OSCAR model
OSCAR model
OSCAR model
OSCAR model
OSCAR model
OSCAR model