OE to ME: levelling of inflections
OE ME SOUTH ME NORTH
masculine nouns
sgN se stánA þone stán þe stoneD þǽm stáneG þæs stánes þe stones pl (south) (north)NA þá stánas
D þǽm stánum þe stonen þe stones
G þára stána
OE to ME: levelling of inflections
OE ME SOUTH ME NORTH
feminine nouns
sgN séo sacuA þá sace þe sakeD þǽre saceG þǽre sace pl (south) (north)NA þá saca
D þǽm sacum þe saken þe sakes
G þára saca
OE to ME: levelling of inflections
OE ME SOUTH ME NORTH
neuter nouns
sgN þæt húsA þæt hús þe hous(e)D þǽm húseG þæs húses þe houses plNA þá hús
D þǽm húsum þe housen þe houses
G þára húsa
personal pronouns
OE ME
1 ic mec mé mín ich me min(e)
2 þú þec þé þín þou þe þin(e)
3 m he hine him his he him his
3 f heo híe hire hire ho hir(e)
3 n hit him his (h)it (h)it his
1 wé ús úre we us owre
1 dual wit unc uncer
2 gé éow éower ye yow yowr(e)
2 dual git inc incer
3 mfn híe heom heora he hem hire
personal pronouns
OE ME
1 ic mec mé mín ich me min(e)
2 þú þec þé þín þou þe þin(e)
3 m he hine him his he him his
3 f heo híe hire hire ho hir(e)
3 n hit him his (h)it (h)it his
1 wé ús úre we us owre
1 dual wit unc uncer
2 gé éow éower ye yow yowr(e)
2 dual git inc incer
3 mfn híe heom heora he hem hire
personal pronouns
OE ME SOUTH ME NORTH
1 ic mec mé mín ich me min(e)
2 þú þec þé þín þou þe þin(e)
3 m he hine him his he him his
3 f heo híe hire hire ho hir(e) scho
3 n hit him his (h)it (h)it his
1 wé ús úre we us owre
1 dual wit unc uncer
2 gé éow éower ye yow yowr(e)
2 dual git inc incer
3 mfn híe heom heora he hem hire þai þem þeyre
OE to ME: levelling of inflectionsverbspresent tense
OE ME South Midlands ME North
helpan helpen helpe
1 sg ic helpe ich helpe
2 sg þú helpest þow helpest
3 sg hé hilpþ/helpeþ he helpeþ helpes
123pl
wé helpað we helpeþ helpen helpes
OE to ME: levelling of inflectionsverbspast tense
OE ME South ME North
1 sg ic sang ich sang
2 sg þú sunge þou sangst
3 sg hé sang he sang
123 pl
wé sungon we sungen sunge
p-p gesungen y-sunge(n) sunge(n)
Verbs: salient pointspresent tense
OE ME South Midlands ME North
1 sg ic helpe ich helpe ich helpe ich helpe
2 sg þú helpest þou helpest þu helpes
3 sg hé helpeþ he helpeth helpes123pl
wé helpaþ we helpeth helpen helpes
SOUTHLondon,Midlands
NORTH
stone stoon stoon stan
what what what quhat
for, from vor vram for from for fro
he, she it he heo hit he sche hit he scho hit
they, them, their
he hom hore þei hem hir þai þam þare
SOUTH London/Midland NORTH
“stone” stoon stoon stan
“what” what what quhat
“for, from” vor vram for from for fro
“he, she it” he heo hit he sche hit he scho hit
“they, them, their”
he hom hore þei hem hir þai þam þare
“he is” he is, beth he is he is
“we are” we beth we ben we aren
SOUTHLondon
/MidlandNORTH
“he speaks” he speketh he speketh he spekes,spekis
“we speak” we speketh we speken we spekes,spekis
“speaking” spekindespekendespekinge
spekand
v-fvor – forvox – foxvyxen - fyxen
ð – þðink – þinkðis - þis
s - zsea,such
Initial fricatives
show
they them their
hei hem hire
for –s see Markey 1988 in B-Mappa
3rd pers. sg.
all pers. pl.