Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations
GCE
Biology
Advanced GCE F212
Molecules, Biodiversity, Food and Health
Mark Scheme for June 2010
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA) is a leading UK awarding body, providing a wide range of qualifications to meet the needs of pupils of all ages and abilities. OCR qualifications include AS/A Levels, Diplomas, GCSEs, OCR Nationals, Functional Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualifications, NVQs and vocational qualifications in areas such as IT, business, languages, teaching/training, administration and secretarial skills. It is also responsible for developing new specifications to meet national requirements and the needs of students and teachers. OCR is a not-for-profit organisation; any surplus made is invested back into the establishment to help towards the development of qualifications and support which keep pace with the changing needs of today’s society. This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and students, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which marks were awarded by Examiners. It does not indicate the details of the discussions which took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking commenced. All Examiners are instructed that alternative correct answers and unexpected approaches in candidates’ scripts must be given marks that fairly reflect the relevant knowledge and skills demonstrated. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the published question papers and the Report on the Examination. OCR will not enter into any discussion or correspondence in connection with this mark scheme. © OCR 2010 Any enquiries about publications should be addressed to: OCR Publications PO Box 5050 Annesley NOTTINGHAM NG15 0DL Telephone: 0870 770 6622 Facsimile: 01223 552610 E-mail: [email protected]
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
1(a
)(i
)
rea
ge
nt
ob
se
rva
tio
nm
ole
cu
le
pre
se
nt
or
ab
se
nt
eth
an
ol
an
d w
ate
r w
hite
e
mu
lsio
n
lipid
p
rese
nt
Be
ne
dic
t’s
so
lutio
n
bri
ck-r
ed
p
recip
ita
te
red
ucin
g s
ug
ar
/ la
cto
se
/ g
luco
se
/
ga
lacto
se
/
mo
no
sa
ccha
rid
es
pre
se
nt
;
b
iure
t I
an
d I
I
lila
c c
olo
ur
pro
tein
/ n
am
ed
m
ilk p
rote
in
pre
se
nt
;
iod
ine
so
lutio
n
ye
llow
/
bro
wn
sta
rch
/ a
mylo
se
a
bse
nt
;
3
On
e m
ark
pe
r co
rre
ct
row
.
IGN
OR
E ‘ye
s’, ‘n
o’ an
d t
icks a
nd
cro
sse
s
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
if
an
yth
ing
in
co
rre
ct
is w
ritt
en in
an
y
bo
x in
th
e m
ole
cu
le c
olu
mn
.
e.g
. ‘s
tarc
h o
r ce
llulo
se
’ =
0 m
ark
A
CC
EP
T m
alto
se
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
su
cro
se
A
CC
EP
T c
ase
in /
lacto
glo
bu
lin /
lacta
lbu
min
/
po
lyp
ep
tid
e
IGN
OR
Ea
mylo
pe
ctin
1(a
)(i
i)m
ilk is a
lre
ad
y,
clo
ud
y /
an
em
uls
ion
/ w
hite
/ A
W ;
1
AC
CE
PT
id
ea
of
difficulty in
de
tectin
g c
ha
ng
e b
eca
use
of
the
ap
pe
ara
nce
of
milk
1(a
)(i
ii)
(on
e)
gly
ce
rol /
gly
ce
ride
;3
fa
tty a
cid
s ;
este
r b
on
d (
be
twe
en
gly
ce
rol a
nd
fa
tty a
cid
) ;
3
AC
CE
PT
ma
rkin
g p
oin
ts f
rom
cle
arl
y la
be
lled
dia
gra
m
bu
t D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT if
co
ntr
ad
icte
d in
te
xt.
IGN
OR
E in
div
idu
al a
tom
s o
n d
iag
ram
an
d lo
ok f
or
co
rre
ct
po
sitio
n o
f la
be
ls
MA
X 2
if
ph
osp
ha
te g
rou
p in
clu
de
d (
as c
ou
ld b
e
co
nfu
se
d w
ith
ph
osp
ho
lipid
)
AC
CE
PT
on
dia
gra
m if
3 s
ho
wn
an
d a
t le
ast
on
e la
be
lled
A
CC
EP
T t
rig
lyce
rid
es a
re e
ste
rs
1
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
1(b
)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
(th
erm
al)
in
su
latio
n ;
e
ne
rgy,
sto
re /
so
urc
e /
re
lea
se
;
pro
tectio
n ;
me
mb
ran
es
/ p
ho
sp
ho
lipid
bila
ye
r /
co
ntr
ol e
ntr
y a
nd
exit in
to c
ells
;
(ste
roid
) h
orm
on
es /
na
me
d s
tero
id h
orm
on
e ;
bu
oya
ncy ;
w
ate
rpro
ofin
g ;
so
urc
e o
f w
ate
r(f
rom
re
sp
ira
tio
n)
; (e
lectr
ical in
su
latio
n)
in m
ye
lin /
aro
un
d n
eu
ron
es /
a
rou
nd
axo
ns /
aro
un
d d
en
dro
ns ;
a
id,
ab
so
rptio
n /
sto
rag
e / p
rod
uctio
n, o
f,
fat
so
lub
le /
A /
D /
E /
K,
vita
min
s ;
3
MA
RK
TH
E F
IRS
T R
ES
PO
NS
E O
N E
AC
H N
UM
BE
RE
D
LIN
E
1A
LL
OW
‘w
arm
th’
2C
RE
DIT
an
sw
ers
th
at
refe
r to
th
e ide
a o
f lip
id a
s a
resp
ira
tory
su
bstr
ate
bu
t D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT ‘fo
r
resp
ira
tio
n’ u
nq
ua
lifie
d
IG
NO
RE
‘fa
t co
nta
ins e
ne
rgy’ w
ith
ou
t fu
rth
er
q
ua
lific
atio
n
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
re
fs t
o p
rod
ucin
g e
ne
rgy o
r to
qu
ick
e
ne
rgy r
ele
ase
A
CC
EP
T ‘p
rovid
es e
ne
rgy’
4C
RE
DIT
re
f to
ch
ole
ste
rol in
me
mb
ran
es
9C
RE
DIT
ne
rve
fib
res /
sa
lta
tory
co
nd
uctio
n
IG
NO
RE
ne
rve
s
1(c
)(i
) sa
tura
ted
;
(fa
tty a
cid
s h
ave
) n
o /
fe
we
r, d
ou
ble
bo
nd
s ;
so
lid a
t ro
om
te
mp
era
ture
;
1
ma
x
Assu
me
an
sw
ers
re
fer
to a
nim
al fa
ts u
nle
ss o
the
rwis
e
sta
ted
A
CC
EP
T r
eve
rse
arg
um
en
t
IGN
OR
E r
ef
to f
ats
an
d o
ils (
as s
tate
d in
qu
estio
n)
AC
CE
PT
‘fa
tty a
cid
s a
re n
ot
kin
ke
d’
AC
CE
PT
re
aso
na
ble
tem
pe
ratu
re q
uo
ted
2
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
1(c
)(i
i) 1 2 3 4 5
(de
ath
ra
te f
or)
me
n g
rea
ter
(at
an
y c
on
ce
ntr
ation
) /
AW
;
(de
ath
ra
tes)
rise
with
incre
asin
g c
ho
leste
rol /
AW
;
de
ath
ra
te fo
r m
en
, in
itia
lly /
AW
, fa
lls ;
ste
ep
(er)
/ A
W,
rise
(in
, m
ale
s /
bo
th)
a
t h
igh
er
cho
leste
rol le
ve
ls ;
co
mp
ara
tive
fig
ure
s w
ith u
nit f
or
(blo
od
) ch
ole
ste
rol
to s
up
po
rt a
ny o
f th
e a
bo
ve
po
ints
;
3 m
ax
1
AC
CE
PT
ora
2A
CC
EP
T ‘p
ositiv
e c
orr
ela
tio
n’ (b
etw
ee
n d
ea
th a
nd
ch
ole
ste
rol)
3
AC
CE
PT
4.8
or
be
low
as ‘in
itia
lly’.
4
An
sw
ers
mu
st
refe
r to
la
tte
r p
art
of
gra
ph
on
ly (
5.7
or
a
bo
ve
).
A
CC
EP
T d
iffe
ren
ce
(b
etw
ee
n s
exe
s)
gre
ate
r a
t h
igh
co
nce
ntr
ation
5
Th
ere
are
3 w
ays o
f g
ett
ing
th
is m
ark
:
!
va
lue
s f
or
bo
th s
exe
s a
t sin
gle
co
nce
ntr
atio
n
!
tw
o v
alu
es f
or
sin
gle
sex a
t tw
o c
on
ce
ntr
atio
ns
!
su
btr
actio
n / c
alc
ula
tio
n, th
at
sh
ow
s c
om
pa
riso
n
IG
NO
RE
te
rms lik
e ‘a
bou
t’
S
ee
ta
ble
for
acce
pta
ble
exa
mp
les o
f x
an
d y
va
lue
s
–
if
inte
rme
dia
te c
ho
leste
rol va
lue
s a
re u
se
d,
refe
r to
the
gra
ph
for
the
da
ta
de
ath
s p
er
10
00
0
blo
od
ch
ole
ste
rol
(mm
ol
dm
-3)
wo
me
n
me
n
3.6
13
.2 -
14
.1
31
.2 -
32
.1
4.3
15
.0 -
15
.9
26
.0 -
26
.9
4.8
14
.0 -
14
.9
24
.0 -
24
.9
5.2
15
.1 -
16
.0
24
.6 -
25
.5
5.7
17
.4 -
18
.3
25
.8 -
26
.7
6.2
17
.8 -
18
.7
33
.2 -
34
.1
6.7
23
.5 -
24
.3
31
.3 -
32
.2
7.3
22
.0 -
22
.9
44
.1 -
45
.0
8.2
31
.7 -
32
.6
59
.5 -
60
.4
Mu
st
inc
lud
e (
blo
od
) c
ho
les
tero
l u
nit
s
A
ny f
igu
re w
ith
in a
pa
rtic
ula
r ra
ng
e i
s a
cc
ep
tab
le
3
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
1(c
)(i
ii) 1 2 3 4
co
ron
ary
he
art
dis
ea
se
/ C
HD
/ c
ard
io-v
ascu
lar
dis
ea
se
s /
h
ea
rt a
tta
ck / c
ard
iac a
rre
st
/ m
yo
ca
rdia
l in
farc
tion
/ M
I /
a
ng
ina
;
ath
ero
scle
rosis
/ a
the
rom
a ;
str
oke
;
Typ
e 2
dia
be
tes ;
2
Ma
rk f
irs
t tw
o in
lis
t
1 D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT h
ea
rt d
ise
ase
alo
ne
or
‘co
na
ry’
A
CC
EP
T h
yp
ert
en
sio
n /
hig
h b
loo
d p
ressu
re
2 D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT a
rte
rio
scle
rosis
T
ota
l1
6
4
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
2(a
)p
lacin
g,
livin
g t
hin
gs /
org
an
ism
s /
na
me
d o
rga
nis
ms,
into
, g
rou
ps /
ca
teg
ori
es /
ta
xa
/ n
am
ed
ta
xo
no
mic
gro
up
s ;
ba
se
d o
n /
AW
, sim
ilari
ty /
diffe
ren
ce
;
2
AC
CE
PT
‘g
rou
pin
g liv
ing t
hin
gs’
Lo
ok f
or
the
id
ea
of
sim
ilar
org
an
ism
s b
ein
g p
lace
d in
th
e
sa
me
gro
up
or
diffe
ren
t o
rga
nis
ms b
ein
g p
lace
d in
d
iffe
ren
t g
rou
ps
2(b
)(i
) 1 2 3 4 5
mo
rph
olo
gy /
an
ato
my /
(o
bse
rva
ble
/ p
hysic
al)
fea
ture
s /
a
pp
ea
ran
ce
/ A
W ;
b
ioch
em
istr
y /
cyto
ch
rom
e C
;
ge
ne
s /
DN
A /
ge
ne
tics / R
NA
;
be
ha
vio
ur
/ p
hysio
log
y /
em
bry
olo
gy ;
id
ea
of
sh
are
d,
evo
lutio
na
ry p
ast
/ p
hylo
ge
ny ;
3 m
ax
AC
CE
PT
su
ita
ble
ex
am
ple
s f
or
mp
s 1
to
4
1
CR
ED
IT c
ell
fea
ture
s
e.g
. n
ucle
us /
me
mb
ran
e-
b
ou
nd
org
an
elle
s /
ce
ll w
all
/
pro
ka
ryo
tic-e
uka
ryo
tic fe
atu
res /
un
ice
llula
r
2
CR
ED
IT c
om
po
ne
nt
of
ce
ll w
all
3IG
NO
RE
ch
rom
oso
me
s
4A
CC
EP
T ‘h
ow
th
ey f
ee
d’ /
nu
tritio
n /
‘ho
w t
he
y r
ep
rod
uce
’
5A
CC
EP
T ‘h
ow
clo
se
ly r
ela
ted
’
IGN
OR
E r
efs
to
in
terb
ree
din
g /
fe
rtile
off
sp
rin
g
2(b
)(i
i)T
S R
W U
Q ;
; ;
3
Ma
rk t
he
ord
er
of
lett
ers
(ig
no
rin
g th
e d
ott
ed
lin
es)
All
6 in
co
rrect
ord
er
= 3
ma
rks
If a
ny in
co
rre
ct,
th
en
cre
dit
T S
in
ord
er
at
be
gin
nin
g =
1 m
ark
U
Q in
ord
er
at
en
d =
1 m
ark
R
be
fore
W a
nyw
he
re in
th
e s
eq
ue
nce
= 1
ma
rk
5
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
2(c
)
1 2 3 4 5 6
3 d
om
ain
s A
ND
5 k
ing
do
ms ;
d
om
ain
s a
re,
ba
cte
ria
/ e
ub
acte
ria
, A
ND
,
arc
ha
ea
/ a
rch
ae
ba
cte
ria
, A
ND
,
e
uka
rya
/ e
uka
ryo
tes ;
kin
gd
om
s a
re p
roka
ryo
tes A
ND
pro
toctists
AN
D f
un
gi A
ND
pla
nts
AN
D a
nim
als
;
eu
ka
ryo
tes s
plit
in
to d
iffe
ren
t kin
gd
om
s /
all
eu
ka
ryo
tes a
re in
th
e s
am
e d
om
ain
; a
ll p
roka
ryo
tes a
re in
th
e s
am
e k
ing
do
m /
pro
ka
ryo
tes s
plit
in
to d
iffe
ren
t d
om
ain
s ;
do
ma
in c
lassific
atio
n b
ase
d o
n,
r RN
A /
rib
oso
me
s /
RN
A p
oly
me
rase
/
pro
tein
syn
the
sis
/ e
nzym
es /
fla
ge
lla /
mem
bra
ne
str
uctu
re ;
4
ma
x
AC
CE
PT
ph
on
eti
c s
pe
llin
gs
th
rou
gh
ou
t A
CC
EP
T a
lte
rna
tive
te
rms f
or
na
me
s o
f kin
gd
om
s a
nd
d
om
ain
s t
hro
ug
ho
ut
(e.g
. p
lan
ts /
pla
nta
e)
2A
CC
EP
T ‘e
uka
ryo
ta’
3D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT p
rotists
/ p
roto
zoa
6IG
NO
RE
RN
A u
nq
ua
lifie
d
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
oth
er
form
s o
f R
NA
AC
CE
PT
an
y d
eta
il o
f p
rote
in s
yn
the
sis
T
ota
l1
2
6
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
3(a
) yo
un
g /
eld
erl
y /
HIV
in
fecte
d /
ma
lno
uri
sh
ed
/
po
st-
op
era
tive
/ o
n im
mu
no
su
pp
ressa
nts
/ le
uka
em
ia /
un
de
rgo
ing
ca
nce
r tr
ea
tme
nt
/ a
no
rexic
s ;
imm
atu
re /
co
mp
rom
ise
d /
we
ak /
AW
, im
mu
ne
syste
m ;
2
IGN
OR
Ep
rom
pt
line
s a
nd
ma
rk t
he
an
sw
er
as a
wh
ole
AC
CE
PT
AW
fo
r yo
un
g /
eld
erl
y e
tc
IGN
OR
E‘il
l’ o
r ‘u
nfit’
IGN
OR
Ea
ny r
efe
ren
ce
to
po
pu
latio
ns
e
.g.
tho
se
liv
ing
in
vic
inity o
f o
utb
rea
k A
CC
EP
T d
escri
ptio
n
A
CC
EP
T n
o im
mu
nity
3(b
)(i
) 1 2 3
4a
4b
4c 5 6
ba
cte
ria
/ (
ba
cte
ria
l) c
ells
, d
ivid
e /
incre
ase
in
num
be
r /
mu
ltip
ly /
re
pro
du
ce
/ p
rolif
era
te /
re
plic
ate
;
(se
cre
te)
enzym
es /
na
me
d e
nzym
e ;
fo
od
, d
ige
ste
d /
bro
ke
n d
ow
n ;
p
rote
in /
nam
ed
pro
tein
/ p
oly
pe
ptid
es !
pe
ptide
s /
am
ino
acid
s
OR
fat
/ tr
igly
ce
rid
es !
fa
tty a
cid
s
OR
sta
rch
/ a
mylo
se
/ g
lyco
ge
n !
glu
co
se
/ s
ug
ar
; p
rod
uctio
n /
re
lea
se
/ e
xcre
tio
n /
secre
tio
n,
of,
to
xin
s /
na
me
d t
oxin
/ w
aste
pro
du
cts
; (c
au
se
s)
cha
ng
e in
, a
ppe
ara
nce
/ s
me
ll /
textu
re /
ta
ste
;
3 m
ax
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
‘m
ou
ld’ –
pe
na
lise
on
ce
on
ly
1IG
NO
RE
‘gro
wth
’
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT ‘m
ito
sis
’
2D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT e
xcre
te
An
sw
er
sh
ou
ld n
ot
imp
ly in
tra
ce
llula
r e
nzym
es
4b
IG
NO
RE
ch
ole
ste
rol
4c
AC
CE
PT
oth
er
co
rre
ct
ca
rbo
hyd
rate
bre
akd
ow
n
6C
RE
DIT
su
ita
ble
exa
mp
le
e.g
. ‘g
oe
s m
ush
y’
7
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
3(b
)(i
i) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ba
cte
ria
, re
pro
du
ce
/ A
W,
mo
re r
ap
idly
/ f
aste
r ;
(so
) m
ore
ba
cte
ria
pre
se
nt
; m
ore
, to
xin
s /
wa
ste
, p
rod
uce
d /
re
lea
se
d /
AW
;
mo
re e
nzym
es,
se
cre
ted /
AW
;
en
zym
e,
actio
n f
aste
r / w
ork
s b
ett
er
/ m
ore
eff
ective
,
a
t h
igh
er
tem
pe
ratu
res ;
(s
ub
str
ate
an
d e
nzym
es h
ave
) m
ore
kin
etic e
ne
rgy ;
m
ore
, e
nzym
e-s
ub
str
ate
co
mp
lexe
s /
ES
C /
(s
ucce
ssfu
l) c
olli
sio
ns b
etw
ee
n s
ub
str
ate
an
d a
ctive
site
;
3 m
ax
Ide
a o
f ‘m
ore
’ is
ne
ed
ed f
or
all
ma
rkin
g p
oin
ts b
ut
it c
an
b
e s
tate
d o
nce
an
d lin
ked
to
mo
re t
ha
n o
ne
po
int.
!
e.g
. ‘m
ore
ba
cte
ria
secre
tin
g e
nzym
es’ =
mp
2 a
nd
4
AC
CE
PT
co
nve
rse
arg
um
en
t th
rou
gh
ou
t
AC
CE
PT
‘fu
ng
i’ /
‘mo
uld
’ in
pla
ce
of b
acte
ria
as q
ue
stio
n
ste
m d
oe
s n
ot
sp
ecify
1IG
NO
RE
‘g
row
’
IGN
OR
E ‘m
ore
ea
sily
’ or
‘eff
ective
ly’
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT if
the
ca
nd
ida
te th
inks t
he
re is n
o
re
pro
du
ctio
n a
t 5
°C
4 D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT e
xcre
ted
5
IGN
OR
E o
ptim
um
8
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
3(b
)(i
ii)
M1
E1
M2
E2
M3
E3
M4
E4
M5
E5
M6
E6
M7
E7
M8
E8
max 2
for
2 d
istinct
meth
ods
max 2
for
2 c
orr
ectl
y l
inked
expla
nations
Only
cre
dit t
he e
xpla
nation m
ark
if
the m
eth
od m
ark
has b
een a
wa
rde
d.
saltin
g ;
lack o
f w
ate
r d
ue t
o,
osm
osis
/ lo
w w
ate
r pote
ntia
l (o
uts
ide c
ell)
;
sugar
; la
ck o
f w
ate
r d
ue t
o,
osm
osis
/ lo
w w
ate
r pote
ntia
l (o
uts
ide c
ell)
;
(air /
fre
eze)
dry
ing ;
ide
a t
hat enzym
es c
ann
ot
mobili
se /
in
trace
llula
r tr
ansport
im
paire
d /
reactio
ns h
ave n
o m
ed
ium
in w
hic
h t
o o
ccur
/ (m
icro
bes)
ca
nnot
move ;
pic
klin
g /
(use o
f) v
ineg
ar
; (lo
w p
H)
den
atu
res /
chang
es t
ert
iary
str
uctu
re o
f /
chan
ges 3
D s
hape o
f, e
nzym
es /
pro
tein
sO
Rsubstr
ate
no lo
nger
fits
active s
ite /
active s
ite s
hap
e c
ha
ng
es /
pre
ve
nts
ES
C ;
heat
treatm
ent
/ cookin
g ;
den
atu
res /
ch
ang
es t
ert
iary
str
uctu
re o
f /
chan
ges 3
D s
hape o
f, e
nzym
es /
pro
tein
sO
Rsubstr
ate
no lo
nger
fits
active s
ite /
active s
ite s
hap
e c
ha
ng
es /
pre
ve
nts
ES
C ;
irra
dia
tio
n /
UV
/ g
am
ma r
ays /
X-r
ays /
ionis
ing r
ad
iatio
n ;
destr
oys /
dam
ages /
cha
nges /
muta
tes,
DN
A /
genes /
gen
etic m
ate
rial ;
sm
okin
g ;
(so e
xposed t
o)
antibacte
rial /
nam
ed a
ntib
acte
rial, c
hem
ical(s)
; vacuum
packin
g /
cannin
g /
bottlin
g ;
m
icro
org
an
ism
s c
annot
resp
ire a
ero
bic
ally
;
4
Where
more
th
an o
ne m
eth
od
is g
iven,
mark
first
on lin
e a
nd
assum
e
expla
nation lin
ked w
ith t
hat
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
chill
ing o
r fr
eezin
g (
as in q
uestion)
M1
IGN
OR
Edry
ing
E1
AL
LO
W low"
/ h
igh s
olu
te p
ote
ntial
M2
IGN
OR
Edry
ing
E2
AL
LO
W low"
/ h
igh s
olu
te p
ote
ntial
E4
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
hig
h p
H
M5
AC
CE
PT
paste
uri
sin
g
IGN
OR
E c
annin
g f
or
this
mp
E5,
E 6
& E
7
AC
CE
PT
‘kill
s b
acte
ria’ or
‘kill
s m
icro
bes’ as a
reaso
n s
up
port
ing h
eat
treatm
ent, irr
ad
iatio
n o
r sm
okin
g o
nly
on
ce
M6 C
RE
DIT
radia
tion if
corr
ectly q
ualif
ied in e
xpla
nation
M7
CR
ED
IT a
dditio
n o
f, s
ulp
hites /
sodiu
m b
enzoate
/
alc
ohol
E8
IG
NO
RE
‘denatu
ring
’ as a
conseq
ue
nce o
f cannin
g /
bo
ttlin
g
9
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
11
Th
is is a
QW
C q
uesti
on
Ig
no
re s
ecti
on
s a
nd
mark
as c
on
tin
uo
us p
rose
low
(er)
/ le
ss, e
ne
rgy (
than b
eef)
;
usefu
l fo
r, s
limm
ing / w
eig
ht contr
ol / A
W ;
lo
w(e
r) / le
ss, (t
ota
l) fa
t ;
(very
) lo
w / (
much)
less, satu
rate
d fat ;
lo
wer,
ch
ole
ste
rol
OR
low
er
risk o
f, (
coro
na
ry)
hea
rt d
isea
se
/ C
HD
/
card
io-v
ascula
r dis
eases / h
eart
attack / c
ard
iac a
rrest /
myocard
ial in
farc
tion / M
I / angin
a /
ath
ero
scle
rosis
/ a
thero
ma /
str
oke / h
ypert
ensio
n ;
conta
ins c
arb
ohydra
te / A
W ;
lo
w(e
r) / le
ss, iro
n c
on
ten
t ;
(in
cre
ase
d r
isk o
f) a
na
em
ia / fe
we
r R
BC
s / le
ss h
ae
mo
glo
bin
/
red
uced
oxyg
en
carr
yin
g c
ap
acity o
f b
loo
d ;
lo
w(e
r) / le
ss, p
rote
in ;
(m
ycop
rote
in p
rovid
es)
mo
re b
ala
nced d
iet ;
need larg
er
inta
ke to m
eet re
quirem
ents
/ A
W ;
7 m
ax
Assum
e c
an
did
ate
is ta
lkin
g a
bo
ut m
ycop
rote
in u
nle
ss
oth
erw
ise s
tate
d.
CR
ED
IT o
ra fo
r beef th
roughout.
IGN
OR
E u
se
of fig
ure
s a
lon
e w
he
n a
ward
ing
mp
s 1
, 3, 6, 7, 9
– lo
ok fo
r d
esc
rip
tive
sta
tem
en
t, e
.g.
!
’12
g o
f p
rote
in’ =
no
ma
rk
!
‘on
ly 1
2 g
pro
tein
’ =
1 m
ark
(m
p 9
)
2
AC
CE
PT
pre
venting o
besity
A
CC
EP
T ‘le
ss e
nerg
y to b
urn
off d
urin
g e
xe
rcis
e’
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
‘burn
off’ unqualif
ied
6
AC
CE
PT
‘m
ore
carb
oh
yd
rate
th
an
be
ef’
IG
NO
RE
‘carb
s’
8IG
NO
RE
answ
ers
phra
sed in
te
rms o
f ro
le o
f iro
n a
lone
e.g
. ‘h
aem
oglo
bin
conta
ins iro
n’ =
0
Answ
ers
must show
consequence o
f deficie
ncy
e.g
. ‘le
ss h
aem
og
lob
in’ =
1
3(c
)
QW
C –
aw
ard
for
2 c
lear
refe
rences to the table
;
1
Aw
ard
for
2 s
ets
of com
para
tive fig
ure
s (
sta
ted
or
ca
lcu
late
d)
with u
nits –
‘conte
nt per
100g’ not needed
IGN
OR
E v
ague term
s lik
e ‘about’ a
s long
as fig
s a
re c
orr
ect
T
ota
l2
0
10
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
4(a
)(i
) 1 2
(m)R
NA
is s
ing
le s
tra
nde
d /
DN
A is d
ou
ble
str
and
ed
; (m
)RN
A is n
on
he
lica
l / D
NA
is h
elic
al ;
1
Ma
rk t
he
fir
st
res
po
ns
e b
ut
do
no
t a
wa
rd t
he
ma
rk if
a
furt
he
r a
nsw
er
is in
co
rrect
or
co
ntr
adic
tory
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT r
efs
to
le
ng
th a
s g
ive
n in
ste
m
1A
CC
EP
T D
NA
is a
do
ub
le h
elix
(a
s s
tra
nd
ed
is
im
plie
d)
for
this
mp
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
DN
A is a
do
ub
le m
ole
cu
le
2A
CC
EP
T (
mR
NA
) n
ot
twis
ted
/ n
ot co
iled
/ n
ot
sp
ira
l /
str
aig
ht
/ o
ra
4(a
)(i
i) 1 2 3 4
RN
A c
on
tain
s r
ibo
se
an
d D
NA
co
nta
ins d
eo
xyri
bo
se
;R
NA
co
nta
ins,
ura
cil
/ U
, a
nd
DN
A c
on
tain
s,
thym
ine
/ T
;
3 /
mo
re t
ha
n 1
, fo
rms o
f R
NA
; R
NA
is,
sin
gle
str
an
de
d /
no
n h
elic
al,
an
d D
NA
is,
do
ub
le s
tran
de
d /
he
lica
l ;
if n
ot
alr
ea
dy a
wa
rde
d a
s a
nsw
er
in (
i)
1
Ma
rk t
he
fir
st
res
po
ns
e t
o (
a)(
ii)
–
bu
t b
ut
do
no
t a
wa
rd t
he
ma
rk if
a f
urt
he
r a
nsw
er
is in
co
rre
ct
or
co
ntr
ad
icto
ry
2D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT thya
min
e
3A
CC
EP
T ‘o
ne
fo
rm o
f D
NA
’
4(a
)(i
ii)
ge
ne
;
1
IGN
OR
Ea
llele
/ o
pe
ron
4(a
)(i
v)
too
big
to
/ d
oe
s n
ot,
fit th
rou
gh
po
re (
in n
ucle
ar
en
ve
lop
e)
;1
AC
CE
PT
‘to
o lo
ng
to
fit …
po
re’
4(a
)(v
)id
ea
th
at
on
ly c
op
ies o
ne
, g
en
e /
sectio
n /
pa
rt /
AW
, (o
f D
NA
) ;
ide
a t
ha
t D
NA
co
mp
rise
s m
an
y,
ge
ne
s /
alle
les ;
2
e.g
. m
RN
A o
nly
co
de
s fo
r 1
pro
tein
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
‘1
DN
A m
ole
cu
le c
on
tain
s a
ll th
e
ge
ne
s’
‘mR
NA
on
ly c
od
es f
or
1 p
rote
in b
ut D
NA
co
de
s f
or
ma
ny
pro
tein
s’ =
2 m
ark
s
11
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
4(b
)(i
) 1 2 3 4
no
n-c
om
pe
titive
(in
hib
itor)
;
(#-a
ma
nitin
/ in
hib
ito
r /
toxin
) fits
in
to,
a
lloste
ric s
ite
/ a
pla
ce
oth
er
tha
n a
ctive
site
;
active
site c
ha
ng
es,
sh
ap
e /
co
nfig
ura
tio
n /
co
nfo
rma
tio
n /
str
uctu
re ;
su
bstr
ate
no lo
ng
er,
fits / c
om
ple
me
nta
ry t
o,
active
site ;
2 m
ax
3
AC
CE
PT
‘d
isto
rtio
n o
f a
ctive
site
’
4M
ark
to
be
aw
ard
ed
in
co
nte
xt
of
active
site
(a
ltho
ug
h
n
ee
d n
ot
be
re
pe
ate
d if
sta
ted
in
mp
3)
I
GN
OR
E E
SC
4(b
)(i
i) 1 2 3
inh
ibits p
rodu
ctio
n o
f m
RN
A /
mR
NA
no
t p
rod
uce
d ;
pre
ve
nts
pro
tein
syn
the
sis
/ A
W ;
e
.g.
of,
sp
ecific
na
me
d p
rote
in /
(vita
l) p
roce
ss, th
at
ma
y b
e
aff
ecte
d ;
2 m
ax
1C
RE
DIT
pre
ve
nts
tra
nscri
ptio
n2
CR
ED
ITtr
an
sla
tio
n3
e
.g.
resp
ira
tio
n /
ph
oto
syn
the
sis
(as q
ue
stio
n r
efe
rs t
o
‘a
n o
rga
nis
m’)
/ h
ae
mo
glo
bin
/ c
yto
ch
rom
e C
oxid
ase
4(c
)(i
)se
qu
en
ce
/ o
rde
r, o
f a
min
o a
cid
s ;
1IG
NO
RE
nu
mb
er
/ o
rga
nis
atio
n
(c)
(ii)
A =
io
nic
;
B =
hyd
rog
en
;
C =
di s
ulfid
e (
bo
nd
/ b
ridg
e)
;
3
AL
LO
W p
ho
ne
tic s
pelli
ng
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT d
isu
lfa
te
4(d
)1 2 3 4 5
in
cre
ase
d k
ine
tic e
ne
rgy ;
(a
ny p
art
of
pro
tein
mo
lecu
le)
vib
rate
s ;
h
yd
rop
hili
c / h
yd
rop
ho
bic
/ h
yd
rog
en
/ io
nic
,
b
on
ds /
in
tera
ctio
ns,
bre
ak ;
ch
an
ge
in
, 3
D s
ha
pe
/ c
on
form
atio
n (
of
pro
tein
) ;
de
na
tur e
s ;
3 m
ax
1
mu
st
co
nta
in t
he
id
ea
of m
ore
th
an
no
rma
l
3
IGN
OR
E V
an
de
r W
aa
ls
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT if
dis
ulfid
e /
co
va
len
t /
pe
ptid
e
b
on
ds a
re inclu
de
d
4
IGN
OR
E t
ert
iary
/ s
tru
ctu
re (
as in
que
stio
n)
IG
NO
RE
refs
to
, a
ctive
site
/ e
nzym
es
T
ota
l1
7
12
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
5(a
)(i
) m
ucu
s t
rap
s,
ba
cte
ria
/ m
icro
be
s /
pa
tho
ge
ns /
mic
roo
rga
nis
ms /
vir
use
s /
spo
res ;
cili
a, sw
ee
p /
mo
ve
/ w
aft
,
m
ucu
s /
ba
cte
ria
/ p
ath
og
en
s /
mic
roo
rga
nis
ms /
vir
use
s /
spo
re,
u
pw
ard
s /
AW
;
2
Fo
r b
oth
ma
rkin
g p
oin
ts A
CC
EP
T o
ra
for
wh
at
wo
uld
h
ap
pe
n if
the
y d
idn
’t w
ork
IGN
OR
E r
ef
to d
irt
/ d
ust /
etc
AC
CE
PT
an
sw
ers
th
at
imp
ly o
ut
of
air
wa
ys
e.g
. to
th
e t
hro
at
/ co
ug
he
d /
sw
allo
we
d
13
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
5(a
)(i
i) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91
0
sta
ge
A
ph
ag
ocyte
, a
tta
ch
es /
bin
ds /
AW
, to
ba
cte
riu
m /
pa
tho
ge
n ;
re
ce
pto
r (o
n p
ha
go
cyte
),
att
ach
es t
o / b
ind
s t
o /
reco
gn
ise
s /
AW
,
a
ntig
en
(o
n b
acte
riu
m)
;
sta
ge
B
ba
cte
riu
m,
e
ng
ulfe
d /
en
ters
by e
nd
ocyto
sis
/
e
nte
rs b
y p
ha
go
cyto
sis
/ A
W ;
(f
orm
atio
n o
f) p
ha
go
so
me
/ p
ha
go
cytic v
acu
ole
;
sta
ge
C
lyso
so
me
s,
fuse
with
/ jo
in w
ith
/ m
ove
to
wa
rds (
ph
ag
oso
me
) ;
rele
ase
/ s
ecre
te,
e
nzym
es /
lysin
s /
na
med
en
zym
e /
hyd
rog
en
pe
roxid
e /
fre
e r
ad
ica
ls (
into
ph
ag
oso
me
) ;
sta
ge
C/D
b
acte
riu
m,
dig
este
d /
bro
ke
n d
ow
n /
hyd
roly
se
d ;
(t
o)
am
ino
acid
/ s
ug
ar
/ g
luco
se
/ f
atty a
cid
/ g
lyce
rol ;
sta
ge
Da
bso
rbe
d /
AW
, in
to,
cyto
pla
sm
/cyto
so
l ;
by,
(fa
cili
tate
d /
sim
ple
) d
iffu
sio
n /
active
tra
nspo
rt ;
6 m
ax
IGN
OR
Esta
ge
le
tte
rs a
nd
lo
ok f
or
corr
ect
se
qu
ence
D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT s
tep
s t
ha
t a
re b
iolo
gic
ally
ou
t o
f se
qu
en
ce
, e.g
. m
p6
be
fore
mp
5.
Pe
na
lise
on
ce
on
ly.
AC
CE
PT
‘b
acte
ria
’ th
rou
gh
ou
t
2
CR
ED
IT P
AM
P /
an
tib
od
y m
ark
er
/
co
mp
lem
en
t m
ark
er,
as A
W f
or
an
tig
en
3
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
‘e
ate
n’
IG
NO
RE
pse
ud
op
od
ia o
r a
ny o
the
r str
uctu
re
5D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT ‘
bin
ds w
ith
’ 7
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
de
str
oye
d (
as in
th
e q
ue
stio
n)
IGN
OR
E r
efs
to
an
tig
en
pre
se
nta
tio
n a
s t
his
ha
pp
en
s
aft
er
the
sta
ge
sh
ow
n in t
he
dia
gra
m
5(b
)(i
)p
lasm
a (
ce
ll) ;
1
AC
CE
PT
B lym
ph
ocyte
A
CC
EP
T e
ffe
cto
r ce
ll D
O N
OT
CR
ED
IT lym
ph
ocyte
un
qu
alif
ied
14
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
(ii) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
11
Th
is i
s a
QW
C q
ue
sti
on
Y-s
ha
pe
d m
ole
cu
le /
lig
ht
an
d h
ea
vy c
ha
ins /
dis
ulfid
e b
on
ds /
4 p
oly
pe
ptid
e c
ha
ins ;
co
nsta
nt re
gio
n ;
m
ark
er
for
/ b
ind
s t
o,
pha
go
cyte
s /
AW
;
va
ria
ble
re
gio
n ;
(a
ntib
od
y)
sp
ecific
ity ;
(h
as)
co
mp
lem
en
tary
sh
ap
e t
o a
ntige
n (
on
pa
tho
ge
n)
; h
ing
e (
reg
ion
) ;
allo
ws f
lexib
ility
;
mo
re t
ha
n o
ne
va
ria
ble
re
gio
n :
a
llow
s, ag
glu
tin
ation
/ d
escri
ptio
n o
f a
gg
lutin
atio
n
o
r
att
ach
me
nt
to m
ore
th
an
on
e,
pa
tho
ge
n /
an
tig
en
;
ne
utr
alis
ation
/ b
lockin
g p
ath
og
en
’s b
ind
ing
site
s ;
6 m
ax
CR
ED
IT a
co
rre
ctly la
be
lled
dia
gra
m t
ha
t is
cle
arly a
n
an
tib
od
y
CO
N if
dia
gra
m a
nd
te
xt
are
co
ntr
ad
icto
ry
MP
s 3
, 5
, 6
, 8
, 1
0 a
re s
tan
d a
lon
e b
ut
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
if c
on
text
is c
lea
rly in
co
rre
ct.
e
.g.
‘co
nsta
nt
reg
ion
giv
es s
pe
cific
ity’ A
WA
RD
mp
2 b
ut
no
t m
p 5
3
AC
CE
PT
re
f to
op
so
nis
atio
n
‘Co
mp
lime
nta
ry s
ha
pe
to
sp
ecific
an
tig
en
’ =
2 m
ark
s
(mp
s 5
& 6
) 8
IG
NO
RE
‘m
ove
me
nt’ u
nq
ua
lifie
d
9
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
fro
m d
iag
ram
un
less m
ore
th
an
on
e
is
exp
licitly
la
be
lled
or
cle
arl
y k
eye
d (
e.g
. b
y s
ha
din
g)
11
AC
CE
PT
re
f. t
o a
ntito
xin
5(b
)
QW
C–
aw
ard
wh
en
2 m
ark
s a
re g
ive
n in
an
y t
wo
of
the
gro
up
ed
se
ctio
ns ;
1
2 m
ark
s h
ad
be
en
aw
ard
ed
fro
m 2
of
the
fo
llow
ing
g
rou
ps o
f m
ark
s (
4 m
ark
s in
to
tal)
mp
s 2
& 3
mp
s 4
& 5
/6
m
ps 7
& 8
mp
s 9
& 1
0
15
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
5(b
)(i
ii)
typ
e o
f im
mu
nity
art
ific
ial a
ctive
art
ific
ial p
assiv
e
na
tura
l a
ctive
na
tura
l p
assiv
e
!"
;
1
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
if
mo
re t
ha
n 1
box is t
icke
d
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
a c
ross
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
a t
ick t
ha
t h
as b
ee
n c
rosse
d o
ut
an
d is
a ‘h
yb
rid
’ tick
T
ota
l1
7
16
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
6(a
)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
bio
div
ers
ity (
of
he
ath
land
) ;
rare
/ e
nd
an
ge
red
, sp
ecie
s /
pla
nts
/ a
nim
als
/ f
un
gi /
org
an
ism
s /
na
me
d o
rga
nis
m ;
ra
rity
of
(th
is)
ha
bita
t ;
exa
mp
le o
f cu
rre
nt
leg
al sta
tus ;
(l
ike
ly)
red
uctio
n in
siz
e o
f, h
ab
ita
t / e
co
syste
m /
he
ath
lan
d ;
e
ffe
ct
of
redu
ce
d s
ize
on
via
bili
ty (
of
wh
ole
eco
syste
m)
; e
ffe
ct
on
, m
ove
me
nt
/ sp
rea
d,
of,
spe
cie
s /
na
me
d s
pe
cie
s /
pla
nts
/ a
nim
als
;
a m
eth
od
of
min
imiz
ing
im
pa
ct
/ A
W /
na
me
d e
xa
mp
le ;
3 m
ax
4e
.g.
N
atio
na
l P
ark
/ S
SS
I /
pro
tecte
d s
pe
cie
s /
Na
tio
na
l N
atu
re R
ese
rve
s /
NN
R /
oth
er
leg
al exa
mp
le
5IG
NO
RE
‘h
ab
ita
t d
estr
uctio
n’ a
lon
e.
M
ust
refe
r to
exte
nt
or
siz
e o
f d
estr
uctio
n.
7
CR
ED
IT e
ffe
ct
on
wild
life
co
rrid
ors
An
sw
ers
co
uld
re
fer
to lim
itin
g s
pe
cie
s s
pre
ad
or
in
tro
du
ctio
n o
f sp
ecie
s
8
e.g
. ‘to
ad
tu
nn
els
’ /
relo
cation
of
po
pu
latio
n
‘bu
ild t
oa
d tu
nn
els
so
tha
t th
e t
oa
ds c
an
still
mo
ve
b
etw
ee
n t
he
tw
o a
rea
s o
f h
ea
thla
nd
’ =
2 m
ark
s (
mp
s 7
a
nd
8)
6(b
)(i
) 1 2 3 4 5
ide
a o
f (c
olle
ct
in)
diffe
ren
t /
wid
er,
are
a ;
(c
olle
ct
at)
diffe
ren
t,
t
ime
s o
f d
ay /
tim
es o
f ye
ar
/ w
ea
the
r co
nd
itio
ns ;
u
se
of
na
me
d,
co
llectin
g / id
en
tify
ing
, te
ch
niq
ue
;
me
tho
d o
f e
nsu
rin
g t
ha
t in
div
idu
als
no
t co
un
ted
ag
ain
;
ma
rk-r
ele
ase
-re
ca
ptu
re / c
ap
ture
-reca
ptu
re,
tech
niq
ue
;
3 m
ax
1A
LL
OW
se
ve
ral tr
an
se
cts
e.g
. a
no
the
r p
ath
3
e.g
. (s
we
ep
) n
et
/ p
ho
tog
rap
hs /
fe
ed
ing
sta
tio
ns
IG
NO
RE
po
ote
r (a
s c
ou
ld o
nly
ca
tch la
rva
e)
/
lig
ht
tra
p /
use
of
ke
y /
sin
gle
tra
nse
ct
4
Th
is m
ark
re
fers
to
an in
itia
l o
r th
e o
nly
sa
mp
le –
it is n
ot
linke
d t
o m
p 5
5
CR
ED
IT c
ou
nt
ma
rke
d in
div
idu
als
in 2
nd s
am
ple
/
p
op
ula
tio
n =
no. in
1st s
am
ple
x n
o. in
2nd s
am
ple
no. re
trapped in 2
nd s
am
ple
17
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
6(b
)(i
i)
sp
ecie
s
n
n/N
(n
/N)2
Gra
ylin
g
(Hip
pa
rch
ia s
em
ele
)
La
rge
He
ath
(C
oe
no
nym
ph
a t
ulli
a)
0
.35
48
;
Ga
teke
ep
er
(Pyro
nia
tyth
on
us)
Gre
en
Ha
irstr
ea
k
(Ca
llop
hry
s r
ub
i)
Silv
er-
stu
dd
ed
Blu
e
(Ple
be
ius a
rgu
s)
Sm
all
He
ath
(C
oe
no
nym
ph
a
ph
am
hylu
s)
Sum
($
) 0
.31
63
3O
R0
.31
21
7;
1 -
$
D =
0.6
83
67
OR
0
.68
78
3
;
3
Ori
gin
al ta
ble
on
qu
estion
pa
pe
r h
ad
in
co
rre
ct
figu
re in
(n
/N)2
co
lum
n f
or
Gra
ylin
g r
ow
. A
nsw
ers
fo
r m
ps 2
& 3
ta
ke
th
is in
to a
cco
un
t.
AC
CE
PT
ecf
fro
m in
co
rre
ct
an
sw
er
for $
(w
he
the
r
de
cim
al p
lace
s o
r ro
un
din
g)
6(b
)(i
ii) 1 2
ma
ny s
pe
cie
s p
rese
nt
/ h
igh
sp
ecie
s r
ich
ne
ss /
all
sp
ecie
s e
ve
nly
re
pre
se
nte
d /
hig
h s
pe
cie
s e
ve
nn
ess /
hig
h b
iod
ivers
ity ;
(s
o)
sh
ou
ld n
ot
be
de
ve
lop
ed
/
d
eve
lop
me
nt
sh
ou
ld b
e m
od
ifie
d /
d
eve
lop
me
nt
sh
ou
ld b
e r
eco
nsid
ere
d /
sh
ou
ld b
e c
on
se
rve
d /
AW
;
2
IGN
OR
E r
efs
to
re
lative
ro
bu
stn
ess o
f h
ab
ita
t
1
AC
CE
PT
‘ty
pe
s o
f b
utt
erf
ly’ a
s A
W f
or
sp
ecie
s
IG
NO
RE
‘ind
ivid
ua
ls’ o
r ‘o
rga
nis
ms’
2
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
re
f to
‘p
lan
nin
g’ a
lon
e (
as g
ive
n in
qu
estio
n)
2 I
GN
OR
E r
esp
on
se
s t
ha
t im
ply
un
ce
rta
inty
ab
ou
t th
e
de
ve
lop
me
nt.
e
.g.
‘co
uld
’ ‘m
igh
t’ ‘m
ay’
18
F2
12
Ma
rk S
ch
em
e
Ju
ne
20
10
19
Qu
es
tio
nE
xp
ec
ted
An
sw
er
Ma
rkA
dd
itio
na
l G
uid
an
ce
6(c
)(i
)
sp
ecie
s
lett
er
Gra
ylin
g
(Hip
pa
rch
ia s
em
ele
) A
;
La
rge
He
ath
(C
oe
no
nym
ph
a t
ulli
a)
D ;
Ga
teke
ep
er
(Pyro
nia
tyth
on
us)
F ;
Gre
en
Ha
irstr
ea
k
(Ca
llop
hry
s r
ub
i)
B ;
Silv
er-
stu
dd
ed
Blu
e
(Ple
be
ius a
rgu
s)
C ;
Sm
all
He
ath
(C
oe
no
nym
ph
a p
ha
mh
ylu
s)
E
5
DO
NO
T C
RE
DIT
if
mo
re t
ha
n o
ne
le
tte
r g
ive
n a
ga
inst
an
y in
div
idu
al sp
ecie
s
6(c
)(i
i) 1 2 3
(is)
sa
me
ge
nu
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8
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