Objectives:1. To learn why advocacy is one of the
roles of CSOs.2. To learn the process for developing
an effective strategic advocacy campaign
3. To learn practical tools to develop an advocacy campaign
Advocacy is the process of managing information and knowledge strategically to change policies/practices or attitudes/behavior/beliefs that affect the lives of people, especially the disadvantaged.
AUSTRALIAN LAUNCH 6 OCTOBER 2009 SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
Issue
Problem
External Context
Internal Resources
Strategy
Action
Evaluation
Mission/mandate
Phase Stage of the issue Approaches
1 New demand/issue Awareness raising
2 Raising awareness among decision makers
Policy proposals
3 Taking the issue forward
Negotiate support
4 Workable plans, implementation begins
Demand resources
5 Solutions implemented Monitor the impact
Select an issue that will make the foundation of your advocacy plan (e.g. HIV/AIDS, gender justice, literacy, climate change, education financing, youth empowerment)
Process: 1. Work in your learning groups 2. Share each process3. Strategic advocacy plan for your
learning groups4. Brief report of plan
Inadequate problem analysis leads to• Focusing on effects of
problems• Addressing the issue
in a broad and complex manner
• Making unrealistic, irrelevant, wrong demands
Adequate problem analysis helps us to• Define specific
objectives and priorities
• Have clear answers/suggestions
CSOs can use community level data for policy analysis
1. List all the possible problems affecting an issue
2. Map them onto a problem tree3. Identify
Effects – as branches – Goal Core problem – as trunk – Aim Causes – as roots – Objective
2. Context and Internal Resources SWOT analysis
• Internal strengths and weakness• External opportunities and threats
Maximize strengths and use opportunities
Reduce weakness and avoid threats Realistic strategy to impact on issue
Strategies include• Aims• Objectives and indicators• Targets: individuals not institutions• Audiences: influential with the target• Approaches: based on resources and
stage of issues, access to audiences• Action plans• Resources & budgets(Background information: political context,
previous related work, consultation process)
Aim: general declaration of intent for advocacy e.g. Governments should contribute at least 3% of their national education sector budget to adult literacy programs
Objectives: must be SMART S: Specific
M: Measurable A: Achievable R: Relevant T: Time specific
A stakeholder is anyone who is affected or who has some influence over the issue you are working on
Analysis to identify who you should influence (target)• Not only who we will mobilize
1. Brainstorm all the people (not institutions) who have interest or a potential influence over the issue.
• Be specific• Be creative
2. Ask two questions for each stakeholder
• How importantly does the stakeholder view the issue?
• How influential is the stakeholder over the decisions made on the issue?
Identify target (decision maker) responsible for change • Informal and real decision maker• Make decision vs approve decision
Who and how audience influence target
1. Rational: influencing through the weight of rational argument, e.g. child labor
2. Collaboration: influencing by collaborating with the target, e.g. seminar
3. Legal: using independent legal system e.g. suit against offending companies4. Political: mobilizing outside through
pressure e.g. labor union, faith groups,
Use politics, not use anyone politically
Election Campaign in India Financing for Education Campaign Mobilization
Requires logistical skills Opportune moment and location
e.g.• G8 summit • Literacy day (Sep. 8)• EFA high level group meeting• CONFINTEA
Impact • Was the policy changed?
Do not confuse success in activity with policy change
Difficult due to the question of attribution
Efficiency• Cost effectiveness• Any alternative measures?