Nouns name…
People Common nouns: girl, student, lifeguard Proper nouns: Mrs. Neeley, Ted, President
Bush, Otis Boggart Singular: ballerina, army, Mr. Peabody Plural: toads, oxen, sisters-in-law, armies Collective: family, committee, teams (pl.)
Nouns name…
Places Common: auditorium, home, restaurant Proper: Motel 6, Yellowstone Park,
Disneyland, McKale Center Arena Singular: city, mesa, plateau Plural: deserts, forests, stadiums
Nouns name…
Things Common: tissue, gelatin, marker, barouche Proper: Kleenex, Jell-o, Sharpie Singular: datum, thesaurus, die Plural: data, thesauri, dice
Nouns name…
Qualities and ideas Common: shyness, freedom, love, anger,
pessimism, emptiness, wisdom, greenness Proper: Christianity, Reaganomics,
Stalinism
Nouns name…
Events Common: county fair, dog show, summer
solstice, parade, birthday Proper: Christmas Day, Mardi Gras,
Woodstock, Spring Fling
Nouns have number…
Singular: echo, donkey, knife, cello, tomato, octopus, mouse, policeman, cactus
Plural: echoes, donkeys, knives, cellos, tomatoes, octopi, mice, policemen, cacti
Collective singular: pack, gaggle, bevy, navy, band, group, police force
Collective plural: families, herds, dens, troops, armies
Nouns have gender…
masculine: brother, father, widower, emperor, stallion, comedian, groom
feminine: niece, hen, princess, aviatrix, soprano, comedienne, bride
neuter: book, owner, representative, singer, playwright
Nouns can be classified as…
Concrete: lasagne, sofa, baseball, iron, mitt Concrete nouns name tangible objects that
have form and dimension. Abstract: heaven, fame, kindness, anxiety,
pride, generosity, democracy, contentment, intelligence, imagination, thought
Abstract nouns name ideas, qualities, and conditions, and their definitions may vary from person to person.
Concrete nouns that seem abstract….might actually be considered concrete: dragon fairies gnomes elf the Tooth Fairy trolls Cinderella
The Compound Noun…
two (or more) separate words: dog bones, peace sign, angel food cake, chocolate chips, fire extinguisher, Grand Canyon
Two words joined to form one: mailbox, teapot, baseball, lighthouse, toothpaste
Two or more hyphenated words: motor-mouth, mother-in-law, jack-o-lantern
Grade 7 Review
Nouns name…. person place thing quality or idea Nouns are… common proper
Nouns have qualities: Number singular plural collective Gender masculine feminine neuter
Grade 7 Review
Nouns may be…ConcreteAbstract Some may seem abstract, but are
actually considered concrete
Grade 7 Review
Some nouns are classified as compound…written as a single wordwritten as two wordswritten as a hyphenated word
Grade 8 Review
Noun-forming Suffixes
Noun Usage and Case
Gerunds
Common Noun-forming Suffixes
-ance attendance,
appliance -ence reference, evidence -ion inspection,
persuasion -ty, -ity loyalty, clarity -ment statement,
pavement -ness goodness, shyness -al survival, revival -er rancher, singer -or actor, realtor -eer Musketeer,
racketeer
-ant, -entcontestant, resident -ism patriotism,
communism -asm enthusiasm -ee trainee, referee -ist violinist, journalist -ship friendship,
comradeship -hood neighborhood,
parenthood -acy democracy, fallacy -ian librarian, libertarian
Usage Issues Not all words ending in these common noun-forming
suffixes will be used as nouns in sentences. Usage must always be considered in identifying a word’s part of speech in context. In the sentences below, the –ment word government cannot be assumed to be a noun. Example:
Our government faces many challenges in combating poverty. Government is the subject of the sentence; it is used in this context as a noun.
A government program geared to combat poverty will take effect January 1. In this context, government is used as an adjective, modifying the noun program. What kind of program? A government program.
Nouns and Case
Case is that quality of a noun that shows its relation to some other word or words in the sentence. There are three cases: nominative, possessive, and objective.
Examples of Nominative Case
Nouns may function as a: Subject: The computer has streamlined many
business transactions Subjective complement: The winner of the scholarship is
Charlotte Davis. Appositive (the appositive Jimmy Carter, the former president of takes the
case of the noun the United States, works closely with
it renames) Habitat for Humanity.
The winner of the scholarship is Charlotte Davis, an eighth grade student at Sacred Heart School.
Direct address: Runners, take your marks! Exclamation: Rats! The filthy rodents roamed the
storm drains.
Examples of Objective Case Direct object (receives The tailor sewed a button on the coat.
the action of the verb) Indirect object (to whom A DPS officer wrote the motorist a
ticket
or for whom something is for speeding.
done) Object of a preposition Floyd hid Halloween candy under his
bed. Apposition Joe drove his car, a beat-up
Volkswagen, across the country.
The teacher awarded Leo, a highly motivated student, the
Student of the Month trophy.
Two children raced across the intersection, the busiest corner in town.
Objective Case Adverbial noun - a noun thatThe hiker walked miles before resting. noun that
does the work of an This afternoon we will visit the mall.
adverb telling: Amy left Tucson on an early flight.
How much? We spent hours working on the project.
How long?
When?
Where?
How far? Objective complement The committee appointed Terry
chairman (completes the meaning of the group
of the verb and refers to
the direct object)
Possessive Case Singular possessive Lois’s hair was dyed a strange
shade orange.
Sherry washed the baby’s rattles and pacifiers.
Plural possessive The children’s playground was closed for repairs.
The scouts’ fund raiser earned enough money for summer camp.
Separate possession That judge will score Pete’s and Jim’s dives in the
competition. Joint possession Phil and Martha’s dinner party was a
huge success.