AcidsAcids
Writing names and FormulasWriting names and Formulas
AcidsAcids
Compounds that give off hydrogen ions Compounds that give off hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.when dissolved in water.
Must have H in them.Must have H in them.H will always be next to an anion.H will always be next to an anion.The anion determines the name.The anion determines the name.
Naming acidsNaming acids
If the anion attached to hydrogen ends If the anion attached to hydrogen ends in -ide, put the prefix hydro- and in -ide, put the prefix hydro- and change -ide to -ic acidchange -ide to -ic acid
HCl -> hydrogen ion and chloride ionHCl -> hydrogen ion and chloride ionHydrochloric acidHydrochloric acid
HH22S -> hydrogen ion and sulfide ionS -> hydrogen ion and sulfide ion
Hydrosulfuric acidHydrosulfuric acid
Naming AcidsNaming Acids
If the anion has oxygen in itIf the anion has oxygen in it it ends in -ate or -iteit ends in -ate or -itechange the suffix change the suffix -ate -ate to to -ic acid-ic acidHNOHNO33 -> Hydrogen and nitr -> Hydrogen and nitrateate ions ions
NitrNitric acidic acidchange the suffix change the suffix -ite -ite to to -ous acid-ous acidHNOHNO22 -> Hydrogen and nitr -> Hydrogen and nitriteite ions ions
NitrNitrous acidous acid
Name theseName these
HFHFHH33PPHH22SOSO44 HH22SOSO33 HCNHCNHH22CrOCrO44
Hydrofluoric AcidHydrofluoric AcidHydrophosphoric AcidHydrophosphoric AcidSulfuric AcidSulfuric AcidSulfurous AcidSulfurous AcidHydrocyanic Acid*Hydrocyanic Acid*Chromic AcidChromic Acid
Writing FormulasWriting Formulas
Hydrogen will always be firstHydrogen will always be firstThe name will tell you the anionThe name will tell you the anionMake the charges cancel out.Make the charges cancel out.Starts with hydro- no oxygen, -ideStarts with hydro- no oxygen, -ideNo hydro, No hydro, -ate -ate comes from comes from -ic-ic, , -ite -ite
comes from comes from -ous-ous
Write formulas for theseWrite formulas for these
hydroiodic acidhydroiodic acidacetic acidacetic acidcarbonic acidcarbonic acidphosphorous phosphorous
acidacidhydrobromic hydrobromic
acidacid
HIHIHCHC22HH33OO22
HH22COCO33
HH33POPO33
HBrHBr
BasesBases
Writing names and FormulasWriting names and Formulas
BasesBases
Ionic compounds that produces Ionic compounds that produces hydroxide ions (OHhydroxide ions (OH--) when ) when dissolved in water.dissolved in water.
Must have OH in them.Must have OH in them.OH will always be next to a cation.OH will always be next to a cation.Name bases like other ionic Name bases like other ionic
compoundscompoundsName of cation followed by name of Name of cation followed by name of
anionanion
Writing FormulasWriting Formulas
Cation will always be firstCation will always be firstFollowed by the correct number of Followed by the correct number of
OHOH-- ions ionsMake the charges cancel out.Make the charges cancel out.Example:Example: Aluminum HydroxideAluminum Hydroxide
AlAl+3+3 and OH and OH--
Al(OH)Al(OH)33
Write the name or formulaWrite the name or formula
Lithium Lithium HydroxideHydroxide
Mg(OH)Mg(OH)22
Lead (II) Lead (II) HydroxideHydroxide
Sn(OH)Sn(OH)44
Zn(OH)Zn(OH)22
LiOHLiOHMagnesium Magnesium
hydroxidehydroxidePb(OH)Pb(OH)22
Stannic Stannic hyrdroxidehyrdroxide
Zinc hydroxideZinc hydroxide
You have a Flowchart like this
on page 277 & 278 of your book