Network Trends In Telecommunications Industry
By Virgilio GonzalezFor UTEP networking courses
Telecommunication ServicesThe “Service” is what the user perceives. The Service has three major components
The Connectivity functions are the telecommunication applications like LD, 800, Internet, PL, etc.
The Billing involves all the elements needed to charge the customer and get the payment
The Customer Care elements are all the processes needed to activate and maintain the previous two components
The “Network” provides the technological infrastructure to support the servicesThe network simply moves user information form one point to another.The network functions are
Network capabilities to support the different service types Network capacity to handle all the customers Systems to control everything and interact with billing and
Customer Care Service Functions
Service vs. Technology
CONNECTIVITYFUNCTIONS
NETWORKCAPACITY
NETWORKCAPABILITY
CUSTOMER CARE
BILLING
SYSTEMS
SERVICE PLANE
TECHNOLOGY PLANE
The network technologies provide capabilities and capacity to the services. The systems support the billing and customer care functions
The services have evolved with a high dependency on the underlying technology
However, there is a trend to make them independent of the networks
Classic Model
LD
A8
00
VN
S
Fra
me
Re
lay
Inte
rne
t
Pri
va
te L
ine
s
TRANSPORT
Transmission Network
Switched Network
Packet Network
Vid
eo
C
on
fere
nc
e
Voice Data
Connectivity, Billing & Customer Care
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
SERVICE PLANE
TECHNOLOGY PLANE
Telecommunication Services EvolutionClassic Model
In the classic model, the user applications are tied to a class of service (voice, data, transport)
Each class of service is supported by a specific network technology.
The network technology is also tied to the customer access medium
Future Model In the future the services will have an universal user interface
supported by an universal class of network The user applications will be constructed through
standardized interfaces to the universal user interface allowing flexible service construction and user customization
The network access connectivity will have two major types, Wireless and Cabling
Wireless access offers fast deployment but has restricted capacity
Cabling through copper may reach small concentrated end users and fiber optics will offer the highest bandwidths to the larger ones.
Future Model
US
ER
S
ER
VIC
E
LD
A8
00
VN
S
Fra
me
Re
lay
Inte
rne
t
Pri
va
te L
ine
s
US
ER
S
ER
VIC
E
API
Vid
eo
C
on
fere
nc
e
API API APIUNIVERSAL USER INTERFACE
UNIVERSAL NETWORKFIBER OPTIC OR
COPPER CABLINGWIRELESS
Connectivity, Billing & Customer Care
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
SERVICE PLANE
TECHNOLOGY PLANE
Categories Services Attributes
Entertainment
Informationtransaction
Communication
LEC
CATV
• Broadcast CATV• Enhanced pay per view• Video on demand• Interactive TV• Electronic content distribution• Interactive games• Video catalog• Distance learning• Desktop multimedia• Image networking• Work at home• Telecommuting• Video conferencing• Video telephony• ISDN• POTS
• Two-way• Asymmetric• Narrowband, wideband, and broadband• Switched
• One- way• Broadcast
• Broadband• Nonswitched
• Two-way• Symmetric• Narrowband andwideband
• Switched
Convergence
“Every morning in Africa, a zebra wakes up. It knows that it must run faster than the fastest lionor it will be killed. Every morning a lion wakes up.It knows it must outrun the slowest zebra or it willstarve to death. It doesn't matter whether you're a lion or a zebra. When the sun comes up, youbetter be running.”
Competition
Market ChallengesChanges in Legislation
Market de-regulation Settlements Correspondent Relationship Globalization
Industry re-alignment PTT, ISP, Cable, Data Warehousing, etc. New Market Segments New Entrants Global Economy woes
Evolution from country specific bi-lateral agreements to Industry Multi-to Multilateral agreements.New revenue Generating Services
NetworksDifferent technologies are involved in the communication systemsA Model is required to provide a functional structure to the system
Public vs. Private Networks
Pr iv a te A TM S w itc h
W or ks tat ion
Te le ph on e
Fa x
Min ic omp ute r
Pr iv a te A TM S w itc h
W or ks tat ion
Te le ph on e
Fa x
Min ic omp ute r
Main f ra mePu blic s w itc h
Pu blic s w itc h
Pu blic s w itc h
NNI - Network to Network Interface
Pub UNI - Public User-to-Network Interface
Priv UNI - P rivate User-to-Network Interface
NNI
NNI
NNI
Pub UNIPub UNI
Pub UNI
Priv UNI
Priv UNI
Priv UNI
Priv UNI
PUBLICNETWORK
PRIVATENETWORK
PRIVATENETWORK
Local Area NetworksCreated to share resources in computer environmentsGrown in capacity from 100’s of kbps to 10 GbpsUsually are managed by a single entity and has a small geographic reach
Network Technology Conceptual View Network philosophy structured in 4 levelsCore network is common for all services and mediation devices, its function is to provide:
Capacity Restoration Flexibility
Services are provided mostly by mediation devices such as:
5ESS for voice services Routers for Internet Switches for Frame Relay
Metro - Access should provide integrated access to various mediation devices (services).CPE (Customer Premise Equipment) belongs to the user but could be managed by the Telco adding value to the service already provided. Services provided by one integrated network management
Core NetworkCore Network
Mediation Service
Metro - Access
CPE
Network Structure Model
VoiceGateway
Router
VideoServer
PacketSwitch
PDH/SDH
ATMBackbone
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
RadioPMP
DSLAM
CMTS(HFC)
OpticalMUX
RadioP2P
RadioP2P
OLT
ATM Link
ATM L
ink
ATMLink
ATM link
PDH link
ATM Link
ATM Link
AT
M Link
ATM Link
ATM Link
Fiber
SDS
PSTN
IP
Video
FR
ATM
LP
FRIPPLATM
VoiceATMISDNFRIPPL
CATVIPVoicePL & FRwith TDM(CBR)
FRVoiceIP
PLVoiceISDN IPCATVFRATM
PLFRATM
VoiceATMIPISDNPLFR
Without IAD With IAD
Services
PLFRATM
VoiceATMIPISDNPLFR
DWDM /SDH / ATM
CORE
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
CORE LAST MILEMETRO ACCESS
SERVICE MEDIATION
CPE
Core Network EvolutionCore Network Features
Completely optical core network (DWDM and Optical Cross-Connects)
Capable of delivering up to a wave-length per service Intelligence and restoration capabilities included in DWDM Capable of supporting SDH/ATM/IP protocols
DWDMRing
Up to 200Wave Lengths
OpticalADM
OpticalCross
Connect
Speeds from 155 Mbits/s up
to 10 Gbits/s
WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
Type of FDM but at optical frequenciesOperates in ~200nm bands at the 1300nm and 1550nm regionsBands are typically restricted by amplifiers devices to ~25nm (1540-1565nm for EDFA)Dense WDM currently allows spacing of 1nm between channels
ATM & SONET
Telephone Switched Services Newer access will be provided through data networks such as
IP or ATM. Interconnection to other networks and support of classic
services could be provided through dedicated access and transport
A convergence of services will be provided with IP and other data services. The intelligence will exploit the advantages of both networks
IP/ATM
SCPIntelligent Peripheral
Service Node
Service Node
INTERNET
SCP
Classic TransportDedicated facilities
ACCESS
Other Networks
STP STP
Intelligent Service Control Logic
Data Services Network EvolutionIncorporate Internet and Frame Relay into one ATM core network providing integrated management/operation Incorporate MPLS technology to the network providing the ability to better manage and operate IP services (dial-up, VPN’s, Internet)Customer’s would dial to one integrated network for Frame Relay, VPN, Internet
FR/ATM/CLOUD
Dial-up
Dial-up
WEB / Mail Servers
Services Control Logic
INTERNET
Metro Ring Network EvolutionMetro Ring Network Features
Wavelength Division Multiplexing as core layer Network elements capable of communicating at SDH and ATM
level ATM will be responsible for delivering different services with
QoS Intelligence and restoration capabilities will be provided by
SDH ATM will include SDH functionality
WDMRing
Up to 8Wave Lengths
OpticalADM
ATMSwitch
Speeds from 2 Mbits/s up
to 155 Mbits/s
Capable of deliveringservices such as PrivateLine, IP based services,Frame Relay, Digital TV,etc.
Fiber / WDM
SDH
ATM
IP
Constant BitRate
Services
DataServices
N e
t w
o r
k
L a
y e
r s
Wireline Access
xDSL xDSL
OLTxDSL
ACCESS METRO RINGATM/SDH
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
OLT
OLT
OLT
OLT
ATM SWITCHATM SW
ATM SWATM SW
ATM SW
ACCESSCOLLECT RING
xDSL
xDSL
xDSL
xDSL
Fiber Optic
Wire Pair
OLT
OLT
Wireless Access, Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint
Fiber Optic
OLT
RF
BASESTATION
RF
RF
OLT
ACCESS METRO RINGATM/SDH
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
ACCESS POP
BASESTATION
RF
RF
RF
10.5 GHz Point To Multipoint Bandnx64 to 2E1's Bandwidth / Link6-10 Km Radius
RF
RF
BASESTATION
RF
RF
Point to Point Radio
Point to Point Radio
Point to Point Radio
7, 15 and 23 GHz Point To Point Bands1xE1 to 63 xE1’s (E3, T3, & STM1) Bandwidth / Link
0.5 to 15 Km and 50 Km / Link
Management Layered Approach (TNM)Business Management
Manage overall business, e.g., achieving ROI, market share, employee satisfaction
Service Management Manage services offered to
customers, e.g., meeting SLA’s, quality, costs.
Network and Systems Management
Manage the networks and systems that deliver services, e.g., capacity, diversity, congestion.
Element Management Manage elements comprising the
networks and systems e.g., switches, routers
Network Element Switches, transmission elements,
routers, etc.
Network Element
Element Mgmt
Network Mgmt
Service Mgmt
Management Systems
NetworkElements
NetworkManagement
Service Management
BusinessManagement
Customer Care Systems
ElementManagement
CAPACITY PLANNING
DELIVERY
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
NETWORKMONITORING.
DCN
Switch, Transport, Data
Mktg./Sales Supt.
TMN Layers
CustomerService Maint.
BILLING
Technology Challenges
Service Intelligence for integrated voice and data networks.RAPID deploymentAdaptive Development to Region/country specific/ Market Segments needsCustomer Care, Network Care, and Billing integration.Multi-lateral Network and Service ArchitectureInteroperability, scalability, reliability & securityHigh cost of integrationCarrier Grade VoIP for voice, fax, conferencing, etc.