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Navigational LightsPart C Rules 20-31
A brief by Lance Grindley
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General
• Instruction in the various navigation light layouts that may be experienced.
• In all examples define what action you would take if the grey mast indicates your vessel’s bow, and the other vessel is on a steady bearing.
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Rule 20 - Application
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Rule 20 - Application
• Lights shall exhibited from sunset to sunrise, and no other lights shall be exhibited that may be confused with the defined lights.
• Navigation lights shall also be exhibited during periods of restricted visibility
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Rule 21 - Definitions
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Navigation Lights
1. Masthead light
2. Port side light
3. Starboard side light
4. Stern light
5. Towing light
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Rule 22 - Visibility of Lights
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Rule 22 - Visibility of Lights Masthead
light Sidelight Sternlight Towing light All round
red white, green or yellow light
Length 50 metres or more
6 miles 3 miles 3 miles 3 miles 3 miles
Length less than 50 but 12 metres or more
5 miles 2 miles 2 miles 2 miles 2 miles
Length less than 20 but 12 metres or more
3 miles 1 mile 2 miles 2 miles 2 miles
Length less than 12 metres
2 miles 1 mile 2 miles 2 miles 2 miles
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Rule 23 - Power-driven Vessels Underway
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Power driven vessel, less than 50m in length, underway and making way, seen from starboard
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Power driven vessel probably greater than 50 meters in length, seen from ahead.
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Power driven vessel probably greater than 50 meters in length, starboard side open
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Power driven vessel maybe more than 50 meters in length, port side open
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Power driven vessel maybe more than 50 meters in length, port side open
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Submarine, underway and making way, seen from starboard (Yellow all round light 90 flashes per minute)
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Submarine underway and making way, port side open
(Yellow all round light 90 flashes per minute)
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Non displacement vessel making way, port side open
(Yellow all round light 120 flashes per minute)
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Non displacement vessel possibly greater than 50 m in length, underway and making way, port side open (120 flashes per minute)
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Rule 24 - Towing and Pushing
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Towing vessel 50m or less, with length of tow 200m or less, seen from ahead. Tow too small to be seen from this aspect.
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Tug with tow less than 200m, starboard side open
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Vessel less than 50 meters in length engaged in towing, with length of tow less than 200 meters seen
from port
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Vessel less than 50 meters in length engaged in towing, with length of tow less than 200 meters seen from port
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Vessel engaged in towing less than 50m in length, with length of tow greater than 200m, starboard side
open
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Vessel engaged in towing possibly greater than 50m in length, with length of tow less than 200m,
starboard side open
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Tug with tow less than 200m, port side open
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Vessel engaged in towing, with tow, seen from aft
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Vessel engaged in towing, with tow, seen from aft
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Tug with tow less than 200m, starboard side open,
pushing but not composite unit
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Tug with tow exceeding 200 meters, starboard side
open, towing a log boom
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Vessel engaged in towing, probably a log boom, seen from astern
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Vessel engaged in towing possibly greater than 50m in length, with length of tow greater than 200m,
starboard side open
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Vessel engaged in towing, seen from astern, and the tow seen from starboard
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You could be in risk of collision, and in grave danger
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Rule 25 - Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars
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Sailing vessel, port side open, showing optional
lights
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Sailing vessel seen from ahead
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Sailing vessel less than 20 meters in length seen from ahead, with combined lantern at masthead
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Sailing Vessel from astern
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Sailing vessel with mast head lantern, seen from starboard
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Rule 26 - Fishing Vessels
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Fishing vessel engaged in fishing under 50 meters in length, starboard side open
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Fishing vessel engaged in trawling, underway less than 50 meters in length, port side open
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Fishing vessel less than 50m in length, engaged in fishing, seen from starboard
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Fishing vessel engaged in fishing under 50 meters in length, port side open
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Vessel engaged in trawling, underway maybe 50 meters or more than in length, seen from ahead
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Vessel engaged in trawling, underway maybe 50 meters or more in length, port side open
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Fishing vessel engaged in trawling, underway less than 50 meters in length, seen from ahead
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Fishing vessel engaged in trawling, underway possibly greater than 50 meters in length, seen from ahead
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Fishing vessel engaged in trawling, less than 50 meters in length, with outlying gear, starboard side
open
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Vessel engaged in trawling, underway less than 50 meters in length, port side open, with gear out towards white light
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Two fishing vessels engaged in fishing, one with outlying gear, seen from starboard side
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Rule 27 - Vessels Not Under Command or Restricted in Their
Ability to Maneuver
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Vessel not under command, underway
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Vessel, not under command, underway and making way, seen from ahead
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Vessel not under command, underway and making way, starboard side open
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Vessel underway and making way, not under command, port side open.
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Vessel probably over 50 meters in length, restricted
in ability to maneuver, starboard side open
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Vessel engaged in towing, under 50 meters in length, restricted in ability to maneuver, starboard
side open, probably a log boom
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Vessel engaged in towing less than 50m in length, with length of tow greater than 200m, restricted her
ability to maneuver starboard side open
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Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, head on, with obstructions on her starboard side
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Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, head on, with obstructions on her starboard side and
clear on her port side
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Vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver, seen from astern, underway or at anchor, with obstruction on her port side
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Minesweeping vessel, probably 50 meters or more in length, port side open
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Two power driven vessels, probably greater than 50 meters in length, underway and making way, restricted in their ability to maneuver, seen from starboard - probably replenishing at sea
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Rule 28 - Vessels Constrained by Their Draft
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Power driven vessel maybe more than 50 meters in length, underway and making way, starboard side
open, constrained by her draft
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Power driven vessel maybe more than 50 meters in length, port side open, constrained by her draft
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Power driven vessel, seen from astern, constrained by her draft
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Rule 29 - Pilot Vessels
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Vessel on pilotage duty, seen from ahead
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Vessel on pilotage duty, underway, starboard side open
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Vessel on pilotage duty underway, and making way, seen from astern
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Pilot vessel, port side open, alongside power driven vessel possibly greater than 50 meters in length,
both underway and making way
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Rule 30 - Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground
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Vessel at anchor possibly greater than 50 meters in length, starboard side
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Vessel at anchor, with decklights, or power driven vessel underway and making way, showing improper decklights
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Vessel aground, seen from either end It could also be a vessel not under command seen from astern
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Vessel aground, starboard side open
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Vessel aground, port side
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Rule 31 - Seaplanes
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Seaplane, seen head on
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Others
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Power driven or sailing vessel underway from astern
Vessel less than 6 meters underway
Any masthead light just above horizon
Vessel being towed from astern (look for the tow)
Vessel at anchor 50 meters or less
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Vessel in distress