TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 1
„Modern electrical propulsionsystems for rolling stock“
Lausanne, September 2005Andreas FuchsTS GT DP
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 2
Modern electrical propulsion systems for rolling stockModern electrical propulsion systems for rolling stock
1. Comparison of DC and AC traction machines
2. System aspects and general requirements for traction converters
3. State of the art IGBT-technology, an overview
4. The traction converter family SIBAC®
Modular Building BlocksSITRAC® improved traction control systemRailway vehicles with IGBT-traction converters (examples)
5. Conclusion
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 3
MotorcarMotorcar MarienfeldeMarienfelde--ZossenZossen
Construction year 1903Number of units 1Supply voltage AC Three phaseContinuous power 2.2 MWTop speed 210 km/h
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 4
ComparisonComparison of DCof DC-- and and ACAC--TractionTraction MotorMotor
Traction drive of: E103: E152:rated power: 1230 kW at 1520 min-1 1633 kW at 2280 min-1
maximum torque: 8530 Nm for 5 minutes 6840 Nm constantlymaximum speed: 1600 min-1 4000 min-1
mass (without gear): 3550 kg 2800 kgmoment of inertia: 120 kg m2 18,4 kg m2
Dimensions:
870
1200
855
910
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 5
High performance hollow shaft driveHigh performance hollow shaft drive
Motor 1TB2824
voltage = 1840 Vcurrent = 590 Arated power = 1630 kW at 1485/minmax. torque = 10500 Nm
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 6
Traction converters have to work at various Traction converters have to work at various catenarycatenaryvoltages and have to cope with a wide output power rangevoltages and have to cope with a wide output power range
Characteristic, Parameter
• Catenary voltage
• Power of the propulsion system
• Reliability
• Failure behaviour
• Mechanical construction
Typical range
DC 750 V ... 3000 VAC 15 kV ... 25 kV
0,5 ... 2.0 (3,5) MW
1000 Fit / IGBT + driver(1 Fit: 1 failure / 109 h)
Restricted to converter module
• Flat underfloor converter cubicle for EMU and Metro
• Switchgear cubicle or locomotives
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 7
ChopperlessChopperless multi system converter with 6,5 kV multi system converter with 6,5 kV IGBTsIGBTs
DC3kV / 1.5kV
~3M
LF
CdUd
4QC DC-Link PWR
AC15kV
16 2/3Hz
25kV / 50Hz
~3M
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 8
IGBTsIGBTs with different blocking voltages are offered by severalwith different blocking voltages are offered by severalsemiconductor suppliers in a housing with the same footprintsemiconductor suppliers in a housing with the same footprint
Module design of a1.7 kV – 1200 A IGBT
Module design of a6.5 kV – 600 A IGBT
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 9
Typical variation of the base plate temperature during theTypical variation of the base plate temperature during thelifetime of an IGBT in a traction converter (EMU operation)lifetime of an IGBT in a traction converter (EMU operation)
Power semiconductor devices, due to the operation of railway vehicles, have to withstand a high number of load cycles during lifetime
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 10
Thermal cycling capability of the base plate and theThermal cycling capability of the base plate and thebondwiresbondwires (traction IGBT)(traction IGBT)
Traction IGBT
Introduced technologies:• Al SiC-base plate• Polyimid passiviation on
the chip surface
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 11
The traction converter family SIBACThe traction converter family SIBAC®®
IGBT Building Block SIBAC® BB
Up to 3 kV line voltageAir cooled or water cooled
Compact inverter
Up to 3 kV line voltageAir cooled or water cooled
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 12
Typical output power limits of SIBACTypical output power limits of SIBAC®® IGBT tractionIGBT tractionconvertersconverters
Power Capability of IGBT-Converter-Modules
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
0 750 1500 2250 3000 3750
intermediate-circuit- or line-voltage [V]
max
. pos
sibl
e m
ech.
Pow
er [M
W]
BB - forced air(BB 750 F, BB 1500 F)
BB - water(BB 1500 W, BB 3000 W)
CC - forced air(CC 750 F, CC 1500 F)
CC - water(CC 1500 W, CC 3000 W)
3-parallel-IGBTs
single-IGBT
2-parallel-IGBTs
single-IGBT
2-parallel-IGBTs
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 13
Overview SITRAC: Siemens Traction ControlOverview SITRAC: Siemens Traction Control
STDSG /ZR
ParametersICU /
Application-SW Power stage
Project-specific
General
I/O
Controlfunctions
Generaldrive
functions
Inverterfunctions
(e. g. protection)
SITRAC functions
Inverter Motor Functions
Requirements of vehicle
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 14
SITRAC PWR block diagram of the control structure SITRAC PWR block diagram of the control structure without speed encoderwithout speed encoder
Torquecontrol
Rotor-flux
control
Speed andparameteradaption
Motormodel
Inverseinvertermodel
Control ofstator mesh
=OFT
(Optimalflux tracking)
I
2
3
6
I
3
V
gate signals
I
I
I
T
T
estimated parameters
estimated speed
R
+
++
_
R
R
SR
refSq
T
Sd
SR
S
S
S
D
ref ref
ref
mod
mod
Motor
Inverter
23
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 15
SitracSitrac –– HardwareHardwareInverter control unit for the compact inverterInverter control unit for the compact inverter
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 16
Electric Multiple Unit RENFE TREN 2000Electric Multiple Unit RENFE TREN 2000
Supply system: DC 3 kVTrain configuration: 2 ... 5 sections, 50 % ... 60 % driven axlesRated power: 0.6 MW / converter, 1C2MTraction converter: IGBT compact converter CC 3000 W
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 17
Electric Multiple Unit RENFE TREN 2000Electric Multiple Unit RENFE TREN 2000
Compact inverter SIBAC®
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 18
EuroSprinterEuroSprinter Class 189 fourClass 189 four--system locomotive forsystem locomotive forGerman RailGerman Rail
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 19
ChopperlessChopperless multi system converter with 6,5 kV multi system converter with 6,5 kV IGBTsIGBTs
DC3kV / 1.5kV
~3M
LF
CdUd
4QC DC-Link PWR
AC15kV
16 2/3Hz
25kV / 50Hz
~3M
EuroSprinter Class 189 four-system locomotive for German Rail
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 20
SIBACSIBAC®® Building BlockBuilding Block
EuroSprinter Class 189 four-system locomotive for German Rail
TransportationSystems
GroupTechnology
Copyright © Siemens AG 2005. All Rights Reserved. TS GT DP, Fuchs Folie 21
Traction converter of the class 189 locomotiveTraction converter of the class 189 locomotive