Mobile computing Mobile Computing VisionDifferences between Ubiquitous & SentientPervasive computing, Context-AwareContext Aware computing & applicationsChallenges of context aware computingUbiquitous computing CDAC’s worksSentient computingWireless Body area networksSmart dust
By.
P. Victer Paul
Dear,
We planned to share our eBooks and project/seminar contents for free to all needed friends like u.. To get to know about more free computerscience ebooks and technology advancements in computer science. Please visit....
http://free-computerscience-ebooks.blogspot.com/
http://recent-computer-technology.blogspot.com/
http://computertechnologiesebooks.blogspot.com/
Please to keep provide many eBooks and technology news for FREE. Encourage us by Clicking on the advertisement in these Blog.
Mobile Computing Vision
1. Universal connectivity – anywhere, anytime
2. Accommodate heterogeneity of networks and communicators
3. Ubiquitous intelligent environment –embedded computers everywhere
4. Easy user interaction
5. Context independent access to services
+ context dependent information
Differences between ubiquitous and sentient
Ubiquitous computing Sentient computing
Computing devices everywhere
Access to applications any where
What ever on hand is available
Ubiquitous computing made context aware
Physical context used for automatic control
Sensors and space are part of computing system
Pervasive as more technology-drivenubiquitous computing is more user- and application driven
Pervasive Computing Computers everywhere embedded into fridges,washing machines, door locks, cars, furniture, people.
Intelligent environment
Mobile portable computing devices
Wireless communication
User View
Invisible – implicit interaction with your environment
Context-aware computing is a mobile computing paradigm in which applications can discover and take advantage of contextual information like
Computing context: Network connectivity, communication costs communication B/wSpatial: The user’s location, the environment, orientation, speedTemporal: Date, Time of day, seasonEnvironmental: temperature, light, noiseSocial: people in the user’s environment, activity, calendarResources: Nearby, availabilityPhysiological: Blood pressure, heart rate, tone of voice, the user’s emotional state, focus of attention, user preferences, patterns
Traditional View of Computer Systems
Computer Systeminput output
Context independent:acts exactly the same
Human in the loop
Context as Implicit Input/Output
Context-AwareSystem
explicitinput
explicitoutput
Context:• state of the user• state of the physical environment• state of the computing system• history of user-computer interaction
Existing Examples
Why Context-Aware Computing?
Context Types Potential Examples Human Concern
Activity Convenience
Activity Finding Info
Identity Memory
Identity & Time Safety
Time Efficiency
Identity
Time
Location
Proximity
Activity
History
…
Smoke Alarm
Auto Lights On / Off
Barcode Scanners
File Systems
Calendar Reminders
Health Alert
Auto Cell Phone Off In Meetings
Service FleetDispatching
Tag Photos
Proximal Reminders
Context aware greeting code
Compared with Traditional Way
A Rough Taxonomy of Context-Aware Apps
• Input specification– Send mail only to people in building now– Print to nearest printer– Find gas stations nearest to me
• Presentation of plain contexts– Current location– Idle?– Currently in?– Contextual info about objects– Proximate selection
Active Badges
Active Badge
• Badges emit infrared signals– Gives rough location + ID
• Teleport– Redirect screen output from "home"
computer to nearby computer• Phone forwarding
– Automatically forward phone calls to nearest phone
ParcTabs
ParcTabs
• Active badge + wireless– Rough location + ID– Showing information of
the room the user in– Help find resources– Show all files in a directory
when enter a room– Locate others– Different control choices in
different rooms
(location, time, nearby devices, file system state)
StartleCam
• From MIT Media Lab• Composed with
– Wearable video camera– Computer– sensing system
• Save Image when the
wearer is interested– By sensing skin conductivity
signal
Startle Cam System
Motivating Example
Distant when compared
Challenges of context aware computing
• Mobility results in continuous updates of context information. How can we efficiently manage this?
• How can we share context?• How do we handle uncertainty of context information?• How do we ensure privacy control and management of
context information?• How do we reach a common understanding of implications
of (shared) context information?• Resource restrictions
Ubiquitous computing for community care
Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) integrates computation into the environment, rather than having computers which are distinct objects
Applications:
1.Automated monitoring
Implanted devices, Smart clothing, Swallow/inject intelligent
(sensors and actuators)
2.Accident and emergency support
3.Patient record access and integration
4. Traffic management systems
Colligation to UbiComp and Pervasive
TEC
HN
OLO
GY
DR
IVEN
CO
NC
EP
T D
RIV
EN
Touch Screen, Displays,Keypads WSN, BTL,
GPS, RFID
AVR, ARM,TinyOS,
Embedded Linux
Smart Phones,Mobile Phones,
Symbian, WinCE
Bluetooth, WiFi, 802.15.4,IrDA, GSM, GPRS, CDMA
UbiCompApplications
UbiComp Hardware Development•Sensor Node Hardware•UWB and 802.15.4 MAC IP Core•SoC (ARM, 802.15.4/UWB)
TangibleSpace
TransitCoordinator
ClienteleDevices
ServiceProvider
StorageGrid
UbiComp ApplicationsU-Sikshak: Learning application utilizing GrUb ComputingIntelligent RoomHealth ApplicationIntelligent Intrusion Detection System (In2DS)Smart Parking (SPark)UbiComp in Agriculture (U-Agri)
UbiComp System Components•U-Visvaas: Security Framework for UbiComp•UbiComp Semantic Space•Context Aware Toolkit•Adaptive Framework for WSN Applications•Zigbee Stack
C-DAC’s contributions to DIT’s UbiComp Initiative
Os , languages and technologies for establishment of ubiquitous environment
TinyOSGNU LinuxSymbianWindows CEUMLQTLAMPEclipse
PDAMobile PhonesLaptopsWorkstationsMotesRFIDGatewaysAccess PointsBluetooth KitsWiFi KitsDisplays
NesCPerlPythonJavaJ2MEXMLC, C++
Sentient building demo: coffee room• Event definition:
• Select PersonID from KitchenEvent where CoffeeLevel = ‘EMPTY’ and PotInPlace = TRUE and BurnerStatue = ‘ON’
• Network model and query plan
Sentient building demo: coffee room
Sentient Park
Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN)
Smart Clothing
• Conductive textiles and inks– print electrically active patterns
directly onto fabrics• Sensors based on fabric
– e.g., monitor pulse, blood pressure, body temperature
• Invisible collar microphones
Electrocardiogram
http://www.teco.edu/tea/sensors.html
Machine Perception LabFace Detection and Expression Recognition
Expression recognitionDataRepresentationInformation retrievalContext evolution
>>
Emotion detection >> E-Motions
From one expression to another
>>
Smart Dust Autonomous sensing and communication in
a cubic millimetre Sensors for temperature, humidity, light, motion
Typical Applications
Defence related battlefield sensors, motion detectors etc. Inventory control on boxes which communicate with crates, trucks, plane etc to tell you where they are Product quality monitoring– vibration, humidity, overheating
Car component monitoring
Future Smart Dust
1. Intelligent paper with integrated radio replace current displays
2. Smart paint monitors vibrations and detect intruders or changes colour to react to temperature, lighting etc.
3. Intelligent glass can filter sunlight, become opaque no need for curtains4. Smart garments or injectable sensors for people
monitoring5. Download design and printable motes for < 1c mote
Intelligent Environment
1. Lights, air conditioning, TV automatically switch on and
off when you enter or leave rooms
2. Sit on your favourite chair and TV switches on to the
program you usually watch at this time of the day
3. Use communicator/pda for phone, remote control, keys
payments, passport, health records, authenticator.
4. Route input from ‘virtual’ keyboard to nearest suitable
display.
5. Automatic detection of new items to control and physical
layout in a room or office, using computer vision.
Thank You