Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2
Maintain a Healthy RF Communications Network
Agilent Technologies
Present ofP.T Berca Hardayaperkasa
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2
Agenda• Changes and Challenges for RF Field Test• RF Issues Need to be Addressed in an RF Site
• Hardware maintenance•Cable and antenna system•Filter, TMA, diplexer, duplexer•Transmitter
• Over the air signal management (interference management)
•Internal interference•External interference•Inter-modulation interference
• Agilent Measurement tools • Fieldfox RF/ Microwave Analyzer• Handheld Spectrum Analyzer
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
2
Maintain a Healthy RF Communication Network
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
4
What becomes simpler• Base station is all modular designed with standard/or semi-standard interface.• BTS installation is close to “plug and play”, no complex demodulationmeasurement needed during installation/maintenance.• Software defined Radio (Baseband card) makes multi technology, multi-band support in a platform possible.• Almost all settings can be done remotely: total power, individualchannel power, channel, band, modulation scheme, coding scheme etc..
Changes and Challenges for RF Field Test
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies5
What becomes more challenging• More networks operate at higher frequency, it requires a lot more basestation to cover the same area, in average, technician needs to cover more sites now.
• More active components exposed to outdoor environment: TMA, Remote Radio Head, Remote Electric Tilt, Smart antenna etc..
• More components in feeder: Diplexer, Duplexer, TMA etc..
• More antennae in a sector, isolation between antennae need to be measured and maintained carefully.
• Frequency assignment is a lot tighter. And higher frequency band is adjacent to commercial cellular band, it could create interference betweennetworks.
Changes and Challenges for RF Field Test
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
6
RF Issues Need to be Addressed in an RF Site
TX Power Measurement
Cable And Antenna Test
Interference Analysis
Filter and Amplifier Test
6
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies7
Cable and Antenna Tests
Measurements– Return loss – Cable loss (1-port)– Distance to fault – Insertion loss– Amplifier gain– Isolation
Challenges– Need fast sweep speed– Measurement reliability– Ease of field use
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies8
QuickCal: Provide Stable and Worry-Free Measurement in the Field (1 port and 2 port)
Issues in field testing:
- It is difficult to keep consistent calibration in the field- may not have readily available calibration kit- may not have readily available adapter kit
Agilent Patented CalReady and QuickCal:
-Each test port is calibrated when it is turned, ready to make measurement without any calibration procedures.
-Built-in calibration module with advanced port extensionalgorithm to move reference plane to end of adapter orcable without using an external cal standards
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies9
Long and High-Loss Cable Measurement
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies10
Cable Loss Measurement (1-port cable loss measurement)
- Accurate cable-loss measurement iscritical to decide if system has enough coverage or generate excessive interference. 1 dB additional loss is equivalent to 10% reduction of coverage area.
- It is not practical to measure an installed,long cable using 2 port measurement.
- When cable loss value is getting close tosystem return loss value, simple return loss / 2 is no longer applicable, algorithmneeds to be implemented to separate cable loss from return loss.
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies11
Filter Tuning in the Field
- Filter in the transmitter band is to make sure transmitter signal is withindefined channel specification, minimize spurious signal interfering adjacent channel.
- Filter in the receiver band is to make sure that not-wanted signal is keptout, improve receiver sensitivity.
- not all the filters shipped to the siteare properly tuned, frequency couldbe changed on the fly.
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies12
Verify TMA, LNA in Receiver Chain of BTS Over the Air
Verify TMA over 2 antennae
Verify LNAs in BTS over two antennae
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies13
Interference Analysis
Measurements• Interference signal detection• Signal monitoring• Signal identification
Challenges• Need fast sweep speed• Higher dynamic range and
superior sensitivity• Ease of field use
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies14
Case Study: Using Spectrogram to Find Intermittent Paging Signal Which Blocks UMTS 850 Uplink
Paging signal
UMTS uplink
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies15
Coverage Verification with Independent Source and Spectrum Analyzer
- Verify coverage before a new install.
- Antenna direction alignment.
- Indoor system testing, send a CW tune through the system, find out the coverage, penetration and system loss.
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies16
In Summary
Hardware maintenance• Cable and antenna system• Filter, TMA, diplexer, duplexer• Transmitter
Over the air signal management (interference management)• Internal interference• External interference• Inter-modulation interference
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Microwave FieldFox
RF MICROWAVE ANALYZERFieldfox Family Introduction
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
9 GHz
14 GHz
18 GHz
26.5 GHz
4 GHz
6 GHz
RF/uW Handheld Portfolio
Agilent Confidential
CAT only VNACombo ANALYZER SA HSA
20 GHz
13.4 GHz
7 GHz
3 GHzN9330B N9912A-104
N9912A-106
N9913A
N9918A
N9917A
N9916A
N9915A
N9914A
N9938A
N9937A
N9936A
N9935A
N9923A-106
N9923A-104
N9925A
N9927A
N9926A
N9928A
N9340B
N9342C
N9344C
N9343C
Carry Precision with You!
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Challenges in today’s Microwave I&M business: Precision is not an option
- System testing under extreme temperature- Perform all microwave tests in shortest possible time
-Making measurements in dusty environment- No room for instruments with fans and vents!
- Maintaining equipment under wet and salty circumstances.- Many critical decisions are made based on measured data.
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Carry precision using truck
Page 20
Group/Presentation TitleAgilent Restricted27 May 2013
PNA
Or Carry Precision With you
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Combination Analyzer: 10 Instruments in 1
Cable and antenna analyzer30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Full 2-port vector network analyzer with time domain
analysis, 30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Spectrum analyzer, with full-band tracking generator
5 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Power meter5 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Independent signal generator30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Vector voltmeter, 2-port30 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Interference analyzer
Variable DC source andcurrent monitor Light weight: 6.6 lbs (3.0 kg)
Long battery life: 3.5 hrsBright display: 6.5 inch TFTMIL-PRF-28800 F Class 2MIL-STD-810G, 511.5, Proc 1NEW: IP 53 type testedBuilt-in GPS receiver Frequency counter
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Get a Wide Range of Precise Field Measurements
Plus:Built-in GPSIndependent sourceFull-band preamplifierSA frequency counter
Spectrum analysis
Cable and antenna analysis Vector network analysis
Built-in power meter
Vector voltmeterInterference analysis Full-band tracking generator Channel power measurement
Time domain DC source & current monitor
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
New: Remote control capability opt 030
- Remote control fieldfox via WLAN and cellular broadband data connection using iPad and iPhone
- Play FieldFox introduction video
- Access user guide, technical overview, data sheet and tutorial videos via internet
- The app is available to download from app store, opt 030 is for pay, required for remote controlling FieldFox.
For all FieldFox models
Use case: - allow user to deploy RF instrument to hard to reach location- Monitor signals from various locations
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
New: Spectrum analyzer enhancements
Spectrum analyzer time gating (opt 238)• Frequency domain and time domain views• Adjustable trigger position• Settable gate width and gate view time
Triggers:• External, video, free run, new: burst trigger• Trigger delay and new: pre-trigger• Settable trigger positionOthers:• 1 Hz and 3Hz RBW settings
Trigger delay: + xx is delay, -xx is pre trigger
Use case: - Make RF pulse measurement like RADAR quicker and easier
Above features are not available for N9912A
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
NEW: Measure Peak & Average Power to 40 GHz (Ka-band)
Supported power sensors with Option 302 Power Meter: (for all FieldFox)U2000 Series USB Average Power SensorsU2020 X-series USB Peak and Average Power SensorsU8480 Series USB Thermocouple Power Sensors
Use case: Radar maintenance with single instrument
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
New accessories to support microwave analyzers
Page 26
Group/Presentation TitleAgilent Restricted27 May 2013
Cal kits: 6GHz, 9GHz, 18GHz and 26.5GHz
Yagi AntennaCell and PCS
Waveguide cal kits
Microwave Test Cables
Adapters
Trigger, IF, DC out cable
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Frequency Management, Regulation and Audit
Page 27
Group/Presentation TitleAgilent Restricted
27 May 2013
Key Applications- Signal monitoring- Network Audit- Cable and antenna- Interference detection- Transmitter emission test
Why FieldFox:- Ruggedized, light weight, battery powered - QuickCal - Built in power meter- Independent Source - interference analyzer with recording- Remote Monitoring
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies28
Introducing Microwave Handheld Spectrum Analyzer (HSA)
N9344C: 1 MHz to 20 GHz
N9343C: 1 MHz to 13.6 GHz
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies29
Benefits of N9344C/N9343C
Field testing just got easier!
Field ready
Benchtop performance in a handheld
Innovative task planner
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies30
Field readyComply with MIL-PRF-28800F Class 2
Rugged and fanless design for tough field environment
Industry first! Clear viewing both day and night with automatic LCD brightness control and keypad backlight
The only handheld with GPS receiver and GPS antenna both built-in
Flexible remote control via USB/LAN
3.5 hours operation time
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies31
Benchtop performance in a handheld
Best-in-class DANL: -155 dBm/Hz
High accuracy power measurement with Agilent U2000 series USB power sensor
Fastest sweep: < 0.9 s for 20 GHz span
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Innovative task planner
Create the task plan file with the free
HSA PC software
Load the task plan file and
HSA will execute tests automatically
Report will be generated
with test results
captured
Reduces test setup time by 95%Delivers test automation and consistency
Continuous execution of up to 20 different tests
Automatically capture test results and generate report
Share the task plan file easily via email or USB memory stick
For more info, go to www.agilent.com/find/taskplanner32
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Rich and powerful measurement features
33
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Spectrum Monitoring and Interference Analysis (Option SIM)
34
Spectrogram/trace view• Spectrogram displays 3-dimensions of the spectrum:
frequency, amplitude, and time• Three display modes: spectrogram only, spectrum trace
only, and dual-view
Spectrogram record and playback• Records spectrogram data to both internal memory and
external USB memory stick, and playback on instrument• Record time depends on sweep interval
See more details• Two markers available to display frequency, amplitude
and time information• Provides limit lines with pass/fail functionality• Audio alert to indicate signal strength in a specified
frequency range• GPS information can be tagged to spectrogram data.
Spectrogram record (20 GHz full span)
Update interval Recording time by one .trc file (1500 frames Max, 4 MB)
1 second Approximately 50 minutes
10 seconds Approximately 4.5 hours
30 seconds Approximately 12.8 hours
300 seconds (5 minutes)
Approximately 5 days
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
New features for N9344C/N9343C
35
Time-gated spectrum analysis (option TMG)
• Measure pulsed-RF• Gate source: external, periodic
timer, RF burst
AM/FM modulation analysis (option AMA)
• Measure carrier power, modulation rate, AM depth / FM deviation, etc.
• Pass/fail with limit function
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
The ONLY handheld with built-in GPS receiver and antenna (option GPS)
36
The only handheld SA with built-in GPS receiver and antenna to provide precise location information
Longitude and latitude information viewable from the window bar on the top, and can be tagged to trace files (both .trc and .csv file formats)
In addition, external GPS antenna connector available on the top panel
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Make two-port transmission measurement with the built-in tracking generator (Option TG7)
37
Measure two-port transmission of filter and amplifiers, e.g. insertion loss, amplifier gain, and filter passband.
Frequency range: 5 MHz – 7 GHz (tunable to 100 kHz)
The tracking generator output level is adjustable (–20 dBm to 0 dBm)
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
Power suite (standard feature)
38
Standard featureChannel standard available
Extra LARGE Font presents a METER style
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
High accuracy power measurement with Agilent U2000 series USB power sensor (Option PWM)
Support Agilent U2000 series power sensors
Frequency range: 9 kHz to 24 GHz (sensor dependent)
Dynamic range: -60 dBm to +20 dBm
The user can set up, calibrate and control the power sensor via the N9340B.
2 display modes: Meter or Chart.
Limit function
39
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
HH SA accessories
More accessories are offered in the N9311X accessory collection www.agilent.com/find/n9311x
40
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies
N9344C Spec Overview
Price Condition Agilent N9344C/N9342C Agilent ESA E4405B Agilent ESA E4407B Agilent ESA E4408B
Frequency Range 1 MHz to 20/13.6 GHz 9 kHz to 13.2 GHz 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz 9 kHz to 26.5 GHz
Best DANLCF= 1 GHz & 13 &
18 GHz
Normalized to 1 Hz, PA OFF
-137/-137/-134 dBm-142/-140/-139 dBm typical -145/-136 dBm -145/-136/-136 dBm -144/-135/-135 dBm
Normalized to 1 Hz, PA ON
-150/-151/-147 dBm-154/-155/-151 dBm typical -162/-136 dBm -162/-136/-136 dBm N/A
RBW Range 10Hz to 3MHz (1-3-10 steps) 10 Hz to 5 MHz 10 Hz to 5 MHz 100 Hz to 5 MHz
TOI CF = 13 / 18 GHz +10 dBm / +13 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm 7.5 dBm / 7.5 dBm
AttenuatorRange/Step 0 to 40 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB 0 to 65 dB / 5 dB
Phase Noiseoffset at
30KHz/1MHz
-86 dBc/Hz @ 30 kHz-115 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-98 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz-125 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-98 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz-125 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
-90 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz-118 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz
Sweep Speed None Zero Span/Zero Span
2 ms to 1000 s /6 μs to 200 s
1 ms to 4000 s / 50 ns to 4000 s
1 ms to 4000 s / 50 ns to 4000 s
4 ms to 4000 s / 4 ms to 4000 s
Overall Amplitude Accuracy
< 7 GHz: ±1.5 dB, 7 GHz to 13 GHz: ±2 dB,
> 13 GHz: ±2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: ±1 dB3 GHz to 6.7 GHz: ±2.0 dB
> 6.7 GHz: ±2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: ±1 dB3 GHz to 6.7 GHz: ±2.0 dB
> 6.7 GHz: ±2.5 dB
< 3 GHz: ±1 dB3 GHz to 6.7 GHz: ±2.1 dB
> 6.7 GHz: ±2.6 dB
Dimension318 x 207 x 69 mm
(12.5 x 8.15 x 2.7 in)416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)416 x 222 x 409 mm
(16.4 x 8.75 x 16.1 in)
Weight With Battery 3.6 kg / 7.9 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs 17.1 kg / 37.7 lbs
Battery Time TG off 3.5 hrs 1 hr 1 hr 1 hr
Copyright © 2011 Agilent Technologies42
Thank you for your time!
Questions?