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Using two examples from the genre of horror examine what a „classic
horror‟ film is.
The horror genre is one of the most popular genres and we may sayit can be said
that it has started to develop practically immediately with the development of show
business and a free access of wide audience to cinemas and television. We can
findThere are a lot of causesreasons of the popularity of this genre but it is still not
so easy to explain its phenomenon, namelysuch as why it is so attractive for
people despite all its unreality. However, itIt would be a great mistake to saydefine
that horror moviesfilms areas plain or even primitive. NaturallyIn fact, there are
some moviesfilms which are really so stereotyped, unbearably plain, and
absolutely thoughtless. But in my opinionHowever, it is simplythey are just
exclusions or films that wereare created by specialists who are far from real
moviemakingfilmmaking, and theywho can create nothing but films of low quality
regardless of its genre. Also I‟d sayIn addition, it can be said that as any other
branch of art cinemafilm has its genius and its mediocre majority because good
films may be created only by a good crew and the genre is not so important.
Among such genius of cinema I would name theThe crews that worked on two
horror films of horror genre, theywhich are “Invasion of Body Snatchers” and “The
Thing” are the examples of such genius films. I saidIt was mentioned previously
that crews were important, but it was not saying that not because I do not want to
agree with those who believe that Donald Siegel and John Carpenter were not
outstanding directors., oOn the contrary I am gladit was saying that the fact that
people who worked on these two films were led by such well-qualified
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professionals was an advantage for the two films. SoTherefore, we may say that
“Invasion of the Body Snatchers” and “The Thing” are classics of the horror
genrefilms and the best ones. But what I would like toThis essay will analyzse is
the reason why they are treated as suchclassic and in which way they are similar
or different.by considering the similarities and differences between them. And then,
it will find out what factors make a classic horror film.
First of allBefore starting analysing the two films, it is necessary to say that these
two films were created at different times. “Invasion of the Body Snatchers” was
created in the mid-dle 11950s, more precisely in 1956, whereas The Thing was
created in 1982. It seems that such time difference should makes the films
completely different but, strangely enough, they have a lot of common aspects.
That is why at the beginning I would like to dwell uponthis essay will firstly
consider the similarities of both filmsbetween them. First of all, we may say that,
to a certain extent, the themes isare close. Both films focus on the problem of the
invasion of human or just alive bodies by some aliens that tends to control such
as the personalitiesy, the hosts‟ actions, and the judgments, etc. In the case of
“Invasion of the Body Snatchers”, LeGacey shows how wepeople deal with an
alien kind that:with creatures that:
“has to wait for the perfect moment when the target is asleep), and spend
the next few hours consuming and taking on that form. If the host wakehost
wakes up when the process is not complete, the whole procedure is a
failure.” (LeGacey, 1978, :p.288).
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On the other hand, „the thing‟The Thing needs just a few minutes to do it because
“it can assimilate the host while its still conscious, against the host‟s will” (Landon,
1993, p:39). Probably suchThose changes are caused by the changes of time or
epoch. It is obvious that theThe rhythm of life in 1980s was much faster than in
1950s,. certainly it found itsIt can be seen in the expression in the perception of
the idea of possible alien assault or attempts to invade human minds.
By the way, I think that bothBoth films express the trend that took place in the
society when the idea of total control of a human mind became more and more
widely spread. It means that symbolically by aliens creators of the films tried to
imply those powers either political or economical that by different means aimed at
the total control of public conscious through the invasion of the mind of a separate
individual. It wasis quite actual if we take into account if we take into consideration
the time when both films were released, is taken into consideration. 1952 it was
the year of the beginning of the cold war when the tension between the well-
developed democratic world and the communistic Soviet Union grew. and theThe
governments of many countries, including the most democratic, had started to
struggle forwith the control of public opinion and even each particular individual.
At the same time, 1982 it was a period when the cold war achieved its apologue
and the world was on the eve of the ReagansReagan‟s declaration of the war on
the „empire of evil‟ when the situation was very resembling to that of early 1950s.
Furthermore, the degree of surveillance grew and specialists began to
spokespeak about the total control of certain organizsations over people. In such
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a situation, the people transformed in pods in the horror films I‟ve just named look
like a prophecy and warning against such dangerous practice.
As for some more similarities of both “Invasion of the Body Snatchers”
and “The Thing”, we may find not only theme and probably idea of the
film but also the atmosphere of films.
As I have already said these films deals with the alien intrusion into human life,
into human body, mind and consciousness. These films also may serve as a
warning about the danger of such a situation, of a total control of human
consciousness when people become pods but not thinking beings.
It is reinforced by the reigning atmosphere of tension, even paranoia
that makes us forget about the unreality of the events and deep into the
action. It is obvious that creators of these films had similar aims.
Finally, I would like to add a few words about the way of alien invasion.
It may be a bit different by its form but the principle of such invasion remains
similar.
What I mean is the fact that certainly aliens in “Invasion of the Body Snatchers”
and “The Thing” act differently, I have already mentioned that the latter act rapidly
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without human will and they can act in any time while the former are quite long
reacted beings, they cannot attack men only if they are not asleep.
But we see that there is one common principle aliens in these this films attack
from inside, I mean they want invade human bodies and minds but not their land,
property, they do not threat directly to their physical wealth. It seems that human
inner world is much more important for them than anything else because they try
to control human‟s memory, and consequently our feelings, emotions, our state of
mind, perception of the world, our present and our past, as. Moreover, “the Thing
is smarter than graden-variety humans” (Biskind, 1983, p.134). they “have access
to the being‟s memories, allowing them to blend in almost perfectly without being
detected by future target hosts who may know the person who has now been
replaced by these horrible alien creatures”i. Thus, we seeit can be said that unlike
many other films about alien invasion “Invasion of the Body Snatchers” and “The
Thing” pay much more attention to the inner world of people,. They implying the
spiritual emptiness that threatens to the people of the 20th century because in my
opinion the aliens symbolizse all those complicated processes that took place in
ourthe society in the 20th century. andThey still continuescontinue to exist and
that lead to moral degradation of people to their transformation into pods.
These are the key points that make the two films similar. However, there are also
differences between them. One more thing One of the key elements that makes
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“Invasion of the Body Snatchers” and “The Thing” quite different is the degree of
combination of reality and unreality as I would call it. In my opinion, at this point
“The Thing” is much more radical thing in the sense thatbecause the filmit is full of
fantastic elements and the state of paranoia overwhelms audience and keeps
peoplethem in such a state during the whole film. On the other hand, in “Invasion
of the Body Snatchers” it is quite difficult to distinguish whether what wethe
audience sees is real or unreal. Personally, when I watched both films I had a
permanent doubt in the mental health of its main characters it was quite difficult to
say whether it was something really unusual, extraordinary things that happen to
people in the city or it was a simple hallucination, illusion, or just a nightmare and
only at the end it becomes clear that the whole city was really transformed in pods
people. WhereasHowever in “The Thiang” it is evident practically from the very
beginning. Everyone realizses that the characters act in an unreal situation, such
as they really confront some aliens that intend to control their bodies and their
minds.
Probably, theThe cause of such athis difference lies in the history of the origin of
the films. For we know that “Invasion of the Body Snatchers” was significantly
influenced by proceeding films noir that tended to externalisedexternalized the
moral conflict of the detective story. According to Biskind,Ssuch films inhabitare
set in:
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“shadow worlds and hover without resolve between the supernatural and
mundane rationalism. In the same sense “Invasion of the Body Snatchers”
and the other alien takeover films… psychologically
externalisedexternalized the central conflict of the alien invader film – they
were less films about aliens than they were about alienation”ii (Biskindg
1983, PP.p139).
However the director, Donald Siegel, triesd to keep usthe audience in suspense
for a while and inrushesd the film with rationalism and realism but when the
nightmare becomesbecame the realityreal he widely usesd film noir techniques
such as shots down tight corridors, silhouettes running against streetlights, close
ups on sweaty faces, and tilted angles. ThoughEven though he introduced some
film noir techniques he doesdid not forget about including classical horror films
scenes, which is suggested by Biskind when he writes: such as “
shots up from under the plank under which McCarthy and Winter hide, with
the pod people crossing calmly assuring them there is nothing to fear, the
wide-angled shots out of the office window down onto the public square,
which becomes inexplicably frightening the moment all visitors are cleared
and the bustle of everyday chaos suddenly turns into something ordered
and people start organizing the pods to be distributed about the country”
(BaskinBiskind, 1983, :p.141).
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WhereasHowever, in “The Thing” its creators used the experience of past works
in the field of horror films. and I would sayIn addition, it can be said that this film is
purer horror in the sense that the psychological tension here is weakened by a
certain simplification. That is, due to which we the audience should not guess
whether it is a kind of psychological problems of the characters or a paranormal
phenomenon for the latter because it is quite obvious easy to find out.
AlsoIn addition, I want to add that “The Thing” iscontains much richermore in
special effects, particularly when we see victims of aliens who “transform into
twisted versions of themselves, complete with claws, spider-like limbs, teeth and
lots of flailing tentacles” (Landon 1993, p.:36). And again I think that isThis is also
the result of time changes because in 1980s due to the development of computer
technologies and more sophisticated technical equipment impressiveand special
effects became an essential part of any good horror films pretending to be
interesting and popular. Whereas, in 1950s, not only technical opportunities were
not so good but the tradition of film shooting was a bit different. More more
attention was usually given to psychological side and could only be enforced by
special effects which were not very „special‟ though in comparison with 1980s. It
was not only because there were not many technical opportunities, but also
because the tradition of film shooting was slightly different.
As for some more similarities of both “Invasion of the Body Snatchers”
and “The Thing”, we may find not only theme and probably idea of the
film but also the atmosphere of films.
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As I have already said these films deals with the alien intrusion into human life,
into human body, mind and consciousness. These films also may serve as a
warning about the danger of such a situation, of a total control of human
consciousness when people become pods but not thinking beings.
It is reinforced by the reigning atmosphere of tension, even paranoia
that makes us forget about the unreality of the events and deep into the
action. It is obvious that creators of these films had similar aims.
Finally, I would like to add a few words about the way of alien invasion.
It may be a bit different by its form but the principle of such invasion remains
similar.
What I mean is the fact that certainly aliens in “Invasion of the
Body Snatchers” and “The Thing” act differently, I have already
mentioned that the latter act rapidly without human will and they
can act in any time while the former are quite long reacted beings,
they cannot attack men only if they are not asleep.
But we see that there is one common principle aliens in these this films attack
from inside, I mean they want invade human bodies and minds but not their land,
property, they do not threat directly to their physical wealth. It seems that human
inner world is much more important for them than anything else because they try
to control human‟s memory, and consequently our feelings, emotions, our state of
mind, perception of the world, our present and our past. Moreover, they “have
access to the being‟s memories, allowing them to blend in almost perfectly without
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10
being detected by future target hosts who may know the person who has now
been
replaced by these horrible alien creatures”iii. Thus, we see that unlike many other
films about alien invasion “Invasion of the Body Snatchers” and “The Thing” pay
much more attention to the inner world of people, implying the spiritual emptiness
that threatens to the people of the 20th century because in my opinion the aliens
symbolize all those complicated processes that took place in our society in the
20th century and still continues to exist and that lead to moral degradation of
people to their transformation into pods.
In conclusion, Taking all mentioned above into account all above mentioned, I can
come to the conclusion that “Invasion of the Body Snatchers” and “The Thing” are
real masterpieces of the horror genre. and we haveThis can be perceived them
not only in the proper sense but also by realising we should also realize what the
creators of these films implied. In my paper I have namedThis essay considered a
lot of things that are eitherboth similarities orand differentces inbetween these two
films, but what is the most important is the fact that they both were and remain
extremely popular and the film that would be better than them can be hardly
imagined. One of the evidences of my idea is the fact thatThis is because there
are numerous remakes of these films that, in its turn, tells usthe audience about
the actuality of the plot, themes and ideas conveyed with the help ofin “Invasion of
the Body Snatchers” and “The Thing”. Thus, I can sayit can be said that both films
should be regarded as classic of horror genrefilms and their traditions should be
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11
continued but not blindly copied because that would lead to the development and
prosperous future of this genre.
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Bibliography: Reference:
Books:
Biskind, P.,eter. (1983) “The Mind Managers: Invasion of the Body Snatchers and
the Paranoid Style in American Movies.” In Seeing Is Believing: How Hollyiwood
Taught UsS to Stop Worrying and Love the Fifties.Movies. New York: Pantheon
Books, 1983.
Landon, B., (1993) The Aesthetic of Ambivalence: Rethinking the Science Fiction
Film in the Age of Electronic (Re) production. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press
Biskin, Peter. “The Russians Are Coming, Aren‟t They? Them! The Thing, and the
Extremists from Beyond the Center.” In Seeing Is Believing: How Holliwood
Taught US to Stop Worrying and Love Movies. Pantheon; NY:, 1983.
Journals:
Gregory, C.T.harles. (1972) The pod society vs. the rugged individualists. The
journal of popular film and television, 1, 3-14 “The Pod Society Versus the
Rugged Individualists.” The Journal of Popular Film 1. Winter 1972.
Landon, B. „The Thing in All Its Guises: Reconsidering a Science Fiction Classic.‟
Chapter 2 of The Aesthetic of Ambivalence: Rethinking the Science Fiction Film in
the Age of Electronic (Re)production. Greenwood Press Westport, CT:, 1993.
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Comment [A34]: Isn‟t necessary to list the same book twice.
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Comment [A35]: Moved into the book section of the bibliography.
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13
LeGacy, Arthur. (1978) Invasion of the Body Snatchers: A metaphor for the fifties.
Literature/Film Quarterly, 6.3, 285-292
“Invasion of the Body Snatchers: A Metaphor for the Fifties.” Literature/Film
Quarterly 6.2, 1978.
Filmography:
Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956) Film. Directed by Don Siegel USA: Allied
Artists Pictures/Walter Wanger Productions.
The Thing (1982) Film. Directed by John Carpenter UK: Universal Pictures/Turman
Foster Company.
i Gregory, Charles. “The Pod Society Versus the Rugged Individualists.” The Journal of Popular Film
1. Winter 1972. ii Bisking 1983 PP.139
iii Gregory, Charles. “The Pod Society Versus the Rugged Individualists.” The Journal of Popular
Film 1. Winter 1972.
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Comment [A36]: This was not referenced correctly according to the Harvard system.
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Comment [A37]: Films also need to be referenced at the end in a Filmography, not just as they are mentioned in the text.
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