MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH OF MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH OF KALAMA RIVER STEELHEADKALAMA RIVER STEELHEAD
WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFEWASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE
KALAMA RESEARCH TEAMKALAMA RESEARCH TEAM
PAT HULETT PAT HULETT
CAMERON SHARPECAMERON SHARPE
CHRIS WAGEMANNCHRIS WAGEMANN
CHRIS GLEIZESCHRIS GLEIZES
2
ACKNOWLEDEMENT$ACKNOWLEDEMENT$
NMFSNMFS
WDFWWDFW
MITCHELL ACTMITCHELL ACT
COLUMBIA RIVER FISHERIES COLUMBIA RIVER FISHERIES
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMDEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
3
OVERVIEWOVERVIEW
O. mykiss O. mykiss DIVERSITYDIVERSITY FISHERY OPPORTUNITIESFISHERY OPPORTUNITIES
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIESMANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
STOCK AND LIFE HISTORY FORMSSTOCK AND LIFE HISTORY FORMS
RESIDENT / ANADROMOUSRESIDENT / ANADROMOUS
HATCHERY / WILDHATCHERY / WILD
NATIVE / INTRODUCEDNATIVE / INTRODUCED
4
CONTRIBUTING FACTORSCONTRIBUTING FACTORS HABITAT FEATURESHABITAT FEATURES
FISH BIOLOGYFISH BIOLOGY
RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENTRESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT
GOOD FORTUNEGOOD FORTUNE
OVERVIEWOVERVIEW
N
KFH
BCH
WA
OR
PORTLAND BONNEVILLE DAM
SKH
30 KM
KLICKITAT R.COLUMBIA R.
COWLITZ HATCHERY
LEWIS R.
LOWER COLUMBIA REGIONLOWER COLUMBIA REGION
6
KALAMA WATERSHEDKALAMA WATERSHED
N
K F H
U P P E RK A L A M AF A L L S
RM 10
RM 37
K A L A M A R IV E R
G O BARPO NDF C H
F C H = F a l le r t C reek H a tch e ry; K F H = K a lam a F a lls H a tche ry
15
EARLY MANAGEMENTEARLY MANAGEMENT
WILD FISHERY PRIOR TO 1950sWILD FISHERY PRIOR TO 1950s
NON-LOCAL HATCHERY NON-LOCAL HATCHERY STOCKS SINCE LATE 1950sSTOCKS SINCE LATE 1950s(SKAMANIA SR, BEAVER CR. WR)(SKAMANIA SR, BEAVER CR. WR)
SEPARATE H & W STOCK MGMTSEPARATE H & W STOCK MGMT
H & W TIMING DIFFERENCESH & W TIMING DIFFERENCES
KALAMA FISHERY ZONESKALAMA FISHERY ZONES
N
K F H
U P P E RK A L A M AF A L L S
R k m 1 7
R k m 5 9
KALAMA RIVER
F C H
R k m 3 4
R k m 2 7
G E N .R U L E S
S E L .G E A R
F L YO N L Y C L O S E D W A T E R S
(C L O S E D A P R -M A Y )
Kalama Mainstem TemperaturesKalama Mainstem Temperatures
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20T
EM
PE
RA
TU
RE
(C)
LOWER FALLS (RKM 18)
JACKS CREEK (RKM 40)
UPPER FALLS (RKM 59)
18
HARVEST RESTRICTIONSHARVEST RESTRICTIONS
WILD STOCK DECLINES IN 1980sWILD STOCK DECLINES IN 1980s
SR WILD RELEASE REGS IN 1986SR WILD RELEASE REGS IN 1986
(April – October)(April – October)
WR WILD RELEASE REGS IN 1991WR WILD RELEASE REGS IN 1991
(Year Around)(Year Around)
SUMMER-RUN HARVEST DATASUMMER-RUN HARVEST DATA
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
RETURN YEAR
AD
ULT
S
HATCHERY HARVEST
WILD RETURN
WILD HARVEST
WILD RELEASE
WINTER-RUN HARVEST DATAWINTER-RUN HARVEST DATA
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
RETURN YEAR
AD
ULT
S
HATCHERY HARVEST
WILD RETURN
WILD HARVEST
WILD RELEASE
21
HATCHERY-WILD ISSUESHATCHERY-WILD ISSUES
IMPACTS OF H PROGRAMS ON WILD?IMPACTS OF H PROGRAMS ON WILD?
KALAMA RESEARCH STARTED 1975KALAMA RESEARCH STARTED 1975
H SPAWNERS OUTNUMBERED WILDH SPAWNERS OUTNUMBERED WILD
H SPAWNERS PRODUCED JUVENILESH SPAWNERS PRODUCED JUVENILES
ADULT PRODUCTION LOWER FOR H FISHADULT PRODUCTION LOWER FOR H FISH
PARTIAL H & W REPROD. ISOLATIONPARTIAL H & W REPROD. ISOLATION
GENETIC AND ECOLOGICAL RISKSGENETIC AND ECOLOGICAL RISKS
22
HATCHERY-WILD ISSUESHATCHERY-WILD ISSUES
STOPPED PASSING HATCHERY STOPPED PASSING HATCHERY FISH ABOVE FISHWAY IN 1997FISH ABOVE FISHWAY IN 1997
NEEDED TO STOP JUMPERSNEEDED TO STOP JUMPERS
50% OF SR JUMPED FALLS50% OF SR JUMPED FALLS
SUMMER-RUN ESCAPEMENTSUMMER-RUN ESCAPEMENT
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
RETURN YEAR
AD
UL
TS
HATCHERY
WILD
PASSAGE RESTRICTED
WINTER-RUN ESCAPEMENTWINTER-RUN ESCAPEMENT
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
RETURN YEAR
AD
UL
TS
HATCHERY
WILD
PASSAGE RESTRICTED
KALAMA FISHERY ZONESKALAMA FISHERY ZONES
N
K F H
U P P E RK A L A M AF A L L S
R k m 1 7
R k m 5 9
KALAMA RIVER
F C H
RELEASE ALL STEELHEAD, 2002-2005(+)
R k m 3 4
R k m 2 7
G E N .R U L E S
S E L .G E A R
F L YO N L Y C L O S E D W A T E R S
30
THE ENDTHE END Upper Kalama Falls: end of Kalama River anadromous zoneUpper Kalama Falls: end of Kalama River anadromous zone