Flare Systems
Technology
LRGO Multi-Point Ground Flares
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 2 Proprietary and confidential information
Important Notice
The information contained in these materials is for informational purposes only and is provided “AS IS”, without warranties of any kind. Your use of the information contained herein is at your sole risk. We expressly disclaim any express or implied representations, warranties or guaranties, including without limitation, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. We will have absolutely no liability (whether direct, indirect or consequential) in connection with these materials (and/or the information contained therein) including without limitation, any liability for damage to person or property. We also reserve the right to make subsequent changes to the materials without prior notice. For purposes of this notification, “We” includes John Zink Company LLC and its affiliates and their respective employees, partners, principles, agents and representatives, and any third-party providers or sources of information or data.
John Zink and INDAIR are registered trademarks of John Zink Company LLC in the US and various countries worldwide.
John Zink Hamworthy Combustion if a trademark of John Zink Company LLC.
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 3 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Flare Systems Technology
►Burner Design Technology
►Burner / Row Spacing / Flame Height
Verification Techniques
►LRGO Ground Flare Experience
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 4 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Ground Flares
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 5 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Ground Flare Burners
►Special tip designs to:
►Utilize pressure for smokeless combustion
►Produce stable flame at the high exit velocities
►Minimize flame height
►Minimize flame interaction
►Ensure burner cross lighting
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 6 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Ground Flare Burners
►Amount of pressure at the tip is controlled
by…
►Staging of Burners
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FLOW
P
Staged Flow versus Pressure Curve
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Staging Concept
Number of Burners in
Service Gas Flow Proportional to
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Staging Concept
TYPICAL LRGO SIM PLIFIED P & ID
P/ C
PT
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LRGO Ground Flare Burners
►Our LRGO Ground Flare burner technology
has evolved over many years.
►Conventional technology included…
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Cup Burners
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Spider Burners
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LRGO Ground Flare Burners
►Next generation technology includes…
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Array of LRGO HC Burners
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Conventional Spider Burner New LRGO-HC Burner vs
Conventional Spider Burner
LRGO-HC vs Spider Burner Flame Length
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LRGO Ground Flare Burners
►Special burner designs are required for first
stage burners to provide smokeless flaring
and stiff flames at turndown operation.
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 17 Proprietary and confidential information
SKEC Steam Assisted Burners
►The SKEC steam
assisted burner utilizes
steam injection to
aspirate and mix air
with the low pressure
gases to produce a
smokeless, stiff flame.
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 18 Proprietary and confidential information
Variable Slot Indair Burners
► The Variable Slot Indair® burner utilizes a spring loading mechanism to provide high turndown without any assist medium providing:
► 100% smokeless flaring with no outside utilities required (steam or air assist)
► No assist medium controls required (simple operation and no maintenance).
► Assures stable flames and high destruction efficiency (i.e. not possible to over-steam or over-aerate)
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 19 Proprietary and confidential information
9. Wind speed and direction
10. Relative humidity
11. Atmospheric temperature
6. Row spacing
7. Burner height above grade
8. Design of radiation fence
Multiple
rows
1. Burner design
2. Gas composition
3. Gas pressure Single burner
4. Burner spacing
5. Number of burners in row Single
row
Major Variables Affecting
Flame Length
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 20 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Design Verification Techniques
► Single Burner Testing (Flame Height and Stability) ►Burner Type
►Burner Drilling
►Fuel Variation
► Multi-Burner Testing ►Cross Lighting Verification
►Flame Interaction / Flame Growth
► Experience / Field Verification
► Air Flow Calculation Techniques
► Pilot Plant Testing
► CFD Analysis
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 21 Proprietary and confidential information
Burner Testing
Conventional Spider Burner New LRGO-HC Burner vs
Conventional Spider Burner
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1. Burner design
2. Fuel composition
3. Gas pressure Single burner
Major Variables Affecting Flame Length
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 23 Proprietary and confidential information
4. Burner spacing
5. Number of burners in row Single
row
1. Burner design
2. Fuel composition
3. Fuel pressure Single burner
Major Variables Affecting Flame Length
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Burner Interaction
►Why is Burner Spacing on a Row Critical?
►Merged Flames Grow Taller
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Burner Interaction
►Why is Burner Spacing on a Row Critical?
►Cross Light Distance Must be Maintained
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Burner Interaction
►Flame Interaction / Flame Growth Verification ►Confirm Maximum Flame Length Along Row of
Burners
►Ensure No Visible Flames Above Fence
►Prevent Dangerous Radiation Exposure Outside Fence
►Cross Lighting Verification ►Ensure Entire Row of Burner Cross Lights with Single
Pilot
►Prevent Release of Unburned VOC’s
►Prevent Sudden Violent Ignition of Gas Cloud
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Multi-Burner Test Facility
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Nine HC Burners, propane at 30 psig
Flame length is a function of burner spacing
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 29 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Design Verification Techniques
► Single Burner Testing (Flame Height and Stability) ►Burner Type
►Burner Drilling
►Fuel Variation
► Multi-Burner Testing ►Cross Lighting Verification
►Flame Interaction / Flame Growth
► Experience / Field Verification
► Air Flow Calculation Techniques
► Pilot Plant Testing
► CFD Analysis
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 30 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Design Verification Techniques
► Single Burner Testing (Flame Height and Stability) ►Burner Type
►Burner Drilling
►Fuel Variation
► Multi-Burner Testing ►Cross Lighting Verification
►Flame Interaction / Flame Growth
► Experience / Field Verification
► Air Flow Calculation Techniques
► Pilot Plant Testing
► CFD Analysis
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 31 Proprietary and confidential information
CFD Analysis
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 32 Proprietary and confidential information
Bench-Scale Testing - Single burner
- Single row
- Multiple rows
Full-Scale Testing - Single burner
- Single row
Semi-Empirical model based bench-
scale and full-scale test results
CFD Analysis
Semi-Empirical model based bench-
scale results, full-scale results, cold
flow experiments & CFD
Cold Flow
Experiments
Approach
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 33 Proprietary and confidential information
LRGO Flare Systems Technology
►Burner Design Technology
►Burner / Row Spacing / Flame Height
Verification Techniques
►LRGO Ground Flare Experience
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 34 Proprietary and confidential information
Large LRGO Flare System - Alaska
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Large Olefins LRGO Flare System
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Olefins LRGO Flare System
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Refinery LRGO Flare System
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Gas Plant MPGF Flare System
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LRGO Flare Systems for LNG Plants
► World Class LRGO Ground Flares
►Over 5,000 ton/hr Capacity
►Large width flare pits
►Cryogenic Staging System
► Extensive Hot Plume CFD Modeling
► Modularized Supply
► Stringent Quarantine Requirements
©2016 John Zink Company, LLC 40 Proprietary and confidential information
Any Burning Questions?
Thank You
LRGO Multi-Point Ground Flares