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Page 1: Liverpool Proiect Word

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Student: .........

Teacher: .............

College: ....................

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Year: ……………

Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………..page 4

History of Liverpool F.C. ………………………………………………..page 6

Liverpool F.C. in European football ……………………………………..page 9

European domination – the Paisley years (1974–83) ……………………page 13

Bibliography……………………………………………………………….page21

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Introduction

Liverpool Football Club is an English Premier League football club based in Liverpool.

Liverpool F.C. is one of the most successful clubs in England and has won more European

trophies than any other English team with five European Cups, three UEFA Cups and three

UEFA Super Cups. The club has also won eighteen League titles, seven FA Cups and a record

eight League Cups.

Liverpool was founded in 1892 and joined the Football League the following year. The

club has played at Anfield since its formation. The most successful period in Liverpool's history

was the 1970s and '80s when Bill Shankly and Bob Paisley led the club to eleven league titles

and seven European trophies.

The club's supporters have been involved in two major tragedies. The first was the Heysel

Stadium disaster in 1985 in which charging Liverpool fans caused a wall to collapse, killing 39

Juventus supporters and resulting in English clubs being banned from European competitions for

five years. In the 1989 Hillsborough disaster, 96 Liverpool supporters lost their lives in a crush

against perimeter fencing.

Liverpool has long-standing rivalries with neighbours Everton and with Manchester

United. The team changed from red shirts and white shorts to an all-red home strip in 1964. The

club's anthem is "You'll Never Walk Alone".

Liverpool F.C. was founded following a dispute between the Everton committee and John

Houlding, club president and owner of the land at Anfield. After eight years at the stadium,

Everton relocated to Goodison Park in 1892 and Houlding founded Liverpool F.C. to play at

Anfield. Originally named "Everton F.C. and Athletic Grounds Ltd" (Everton Athletic for short),

the club became Liverpool F.C. in March 1892 and gained official recognition three months

later, after the Football Association refused to recognise the club as Everton. The team won the

Lancashire League in its début season, and joined the Football League Second Division at the

start of the 1893–94 season. After finishing in first place the club was promoted to the First

Division, which it won in 1901 and again in 1906.

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For much of Liverpool's history its home colours have been all red, but when the club

was founded its kit was more like the contemporary Everton kit. The blue and white quartered

shirts were used until 1894, when the club adopted the city's colour of red.[3] The city's symbol

of the liver bird was adopted as the club's badge in 1901, although it was not incorporated into

the kit until 1955. Liverpool continued to wear red shirts and white shorts until 1964, when

manager Bill Shankly decided to change to an all red strip.

Liverpool is one of the best supported clubs in the world. The club states that its

worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Association of

International Branches (AIB) in at least 30 countries.The club takes advantage of this support

through its worldwide summer tours.Liverpool fans often refer to themselves as Kopites, a

reference to the fans who once stood, and now sit, on the Kop at Anfield.In 2008 a group of fans

decided to form a splinter club, A.F.C. Liverpool, to play matches for fans who had been priced

out of watching Premier League football.

As the owner of Anfield and founder of Liverpool, John Houlding was the club's first

chairman, a position he held from its founding in 1892 until 1904. John McKenna took over as

chairman after Houlding's departure. McKenna subsequently became President of the Football

League.The chairmanship changed hands many times before John Smith, whose father was a

shareholder of the club, took up the role in 1973. He oversaw the most successful period in

Liverpool's history before stepping down in 1990. His successor was Noel White who became

Chairman in 1990 In August 1991 David Moores, whose family had owned the club for more

than 50 years became Chairman. His uncle John Moores was also a shareholder at Liverpool and

was chairman of Everton from 1961 to 1973. Moores owned 51 percent of the club, and in 2004

expressed his willingness to consider a bid for his shares in Liverpool.

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History of Liverpool F.C.

Liverpool F.C. was founded following a dispute between the Everton committee and John

Houlding, club president and owner of the land at Anfield. After eight years at the stadium,

Everton relocated to Goodison Park in 1892 and Houlding founded Liverpool F.C. to play at

Anfield.Originally named "Everton F.C. and Athletic Grounds Ltd" (Everton Athletic for short),

the club became Liverpool F.C. in March 1892 and gained official recognition three months

later, after the Football Association refused to recognise the club as Everton.The team won the

Lancashire League in its début season, and joined the Football League Second Division at the

start of the 1893–94 season. After finishing in first place the club was promoted to the First

Division, which it won in 1901 and again in 1906.

Liverpool reached its first FA Cup Final in 1914, losing 1–0 to Burnley It won

consecutive League championships in 1922 and 1923, but did not win another trophy until the

1946–47 season, when the club won the First Division for a fifth time.Liverpool suffered its

second Cup Final defeat in 1950, playing against Arsenal. The club was relegated to the Second

Division in the 1953–54 season.Soon after Liverpool lost 2–1 to non-league Worcester City in

the 1958–59 FA Cup, Bill Shankly was appointed manager. Upon his arrival he released 24

players and converted a boot storage room at Anfield into a room where the coaches could

discuss strategy; here, Shankly and other "Boot Room" members Joe Fagan, Reuben Bennett,

and Bob Paisley began reshaping the team.

The club was promoted back into the First Division in 1962 and won it in 1964, for the

first time in 17 years. In 1965, the club won its first FA Cup. In 1966, the club won the First

Division but lost to Borussia Dortmund in the European Cup Winners' Cup final.Liverpool won

both the League and the UEFA Cup during the 1972–73 season, and the FA Cup again a year

later. Shankly retired soon afterwards and was replaced by his assistant, Bob Paisley.In 1976,

Paisley's second season as manager, the club won another League and UEFA Cup double. The

following season, the club retained the League title and won the European Cup for the first time,

but it lost in the 1977 FA Cup Final. Liverpool retained the European Cup in 1978 and regained

the First Division title in 1979.During Paisley's nine seasons as manager Liverpool won 21

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trophies, including three European Cups, a UEFA Cup, six League titles and three consecutive

League Cups; the only domestic trophy he did not win was the FA Cup.

Paisley retired in 1983 and was replaced by his assistant, Joe Fagan.Liverpool won the

League, League Cup and European Cup in Fagan's first season, becoming the first English side

to win three trophies in a season.Liverpool reached the European Cup final again in 1985,

against Juventus at the Heysel Stadium. Before kick-off, Liverpool fans breached a fence which

separated the two groups of supporters, and charged the Juventus fans. The resulting weight of

people caused a retaining wall to collapse, killing 39 fans, mostly Italians. The incident became

known as the Heysel Stadium disaster. The match was played in spite of protests by both

managers, and Liverpool lost 1–0 to Juventus. As a result of the tragedy, English clubs were

banned from participating in European competition for five years; Liverpool received a ten-year

ban, which was later reduced to six years. Fourteen Liverpool fans received convictions for

involuntary manslaughter.

Fagan resigned after the disaster and Kenny Dalglish was appointed as player-

manager.During his reign, the club won another three League Championships and two FA Cups,

including a League and Cup "Double" in the 1985–86 season. Liverpool's success was

overshadowed by the Hillsborough disaster: in an FA Cup semi-final against Nottingham Forest

on 15 April 1989, hundreds of Liverpool fans were crushed against perimeter fencing. Ninety-

four fans died that day; the 95th victim died in hospital from his injuries four days later and the

96th died nearly four years later, without regaining consciousness.After the Hillsborough disaster

there was a government review of stadium safety. The resulting Taylor Report paved the way for

legislation that required top-division teams to have all-seater stadiums. The report ruled that the

main reason for the disaster was overcrowding due to a failure of police control.

Liverpool was involved in the closest finish to a league season during the 1988–89

season. Liverpool finished equal with Arsenal on both points and goal difference, but lost the

title on total goals scored when Arsenal scored the final goal in the last minute of the season.

Dalglish cited the Hillsborough disaster and its repercussions as the reason for his

resignation in 1991; he was replaced by former player Graeme Souness.Under his leadership

Liverpool won the 1992 FA Cup Final. Souness was replaced by Roy Evans, and Liverpool went

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on to win the 1995 Football League Cup Final. Gérard Houllier was appointed co-manager in the

1998–99 season and became the sole manager in November 1998 after Evans resigned.In 2001,

Houllier's second full season in charge, Liverpool won a "Treble": the FA Cup, League Cup and

UEFA Cup.Houllier underwent major heart surgery during the 2001–02 season and Liverpool

finished second in the League, behind Arsenal.

Houllier was replaced by Rafael Benítez at the end of the 2003–04 season. Despite

finishing fifth in Benítez's first season, Liverpool won the 2004–05 UEFA Champions League,

beating A.C. Milan 3–2 in a penalty shootout after the match ended with a score of 3–3. The

following season, Liverpool finished third in the Premier League and won the 2006 FA Cup

Final, beating West Ham United in a penalty shootout after the match finished on 3–3. American

businessmen George Gillett and Tom Hicks became the owners of the club during the 2006–07

season, in a deal which valued the club and its outstanding debts at £218.9 million.The club

reached the 2007 UEFA Champions League Final against Milan, as it had in 2005, but this time

Liverpool lost 2–1.During the 2008–09 season Liverpool achieved 86 points, its highest Premier

League points total, and finished as runners up to Manchester United.

In the 2009–10 season, Liverpool finished seventh in the Premier League and failed to

qualify for the Champions League. Benítez subsequently left by mutual consentand was replaced

by Fulham manager Roy Hodgson.At the start of the 2010–11 season Liverpool was on the verge

of bankruptcy and the club's creditors asked the High Court to allow the sale of the club,

overruling the wishes of Hicks and Gillett. John W. Henry, owner of the Boston Red Sox and of

New England Sports Ventures, bid successfully for the club and took ownership in October

2010.Poor results during the start of that season led to Hodgson leaving the club by mutual

consent and former manager Kenny Dalglish taking over.After finishing in 8th position in the

2011–12 season, the worst league finish in 18 years,Dalglish was sacked.He was replaced by

Brendan Rodgers.

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Liverpool F.C. in European football

Liverpool Football Club, an English professional association football club, is Britain's

most successful team in Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) competitions. Since

1964, they have won eleven European trophies: the UEFA Champions League (formerly known

as the European Cup) five times, the UEFA Europa League (formerly known as the UEFA Cup)

three times, and the UEFA Super Cup three times.

Qualification for European competitions is determined by a team's success in its domestic

league and cup competitions from the previous season. Liverpool competed in European

competitions for 21 consecutive seasons until the 1985 European Cup Final, the occasion of the

Heysel Stadium disaster, following which the club was banned from European competitions for

six seasons. Since being readmitted in 1991, they have qualified for the Champions League (the

successor to the European Cup) eight times and the UEFA Cup (the predecessor to the Europa

League) seven times.

As a result of their victory in the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final, Liverpool won

the European Champion Clubs' Cup trophy outright, and were awarded a multiple winner badge.

Only Real Madrid (nine) and Milan (seven) have won the competition on more occasions.

Liverpool's total of three UEFA Cup wins has been matched only by Internazionale and

Juventus. They have also won the UEFA Super Cup on three occasions, a total only Milan (five)

and Barcelona (four) have bettered.

Bob Paisley is the club's most successful manager in Europe, with five trophies.

Liverpool's biggest-margin win in Europe is an 11–0 victory over Strømsgodset in the 1974–75

European Cup Winners' Cup. In European competitions, Jamie Carragher holds the club record

for the most appearances, with 139, and Steven Gerrard is the club's record goalscorer, with 38

goals.

The first continental competition organised by UEFA was the European Cup in 1955.

Conceived by Gabriel Hanot, the editor of L'Équipe, as a competition for winners of the

European national football leagues, it is considered the most prestigious European football

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competition.When the European Cup was first played, Liverpool were in the Second Division,

following relegation from the First Division after the 1953–54 season, and thus were ineligible

for the competition.During their time in the Second Division, two further competitions were

created: the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. Established in 1955, the Inter-

Cities Fairs Cup was later re-branded as the UEFA Cup when it came under the auspices of

UEFA in 1971.Since the 2009–10 season, the competition has been known as the UEFA Europa

League.The UEFA Cup Winners' Cup was inaugurated in 1960 for the winners of domestic cup

competitions.

In 1962 Liverpool were promoted to the First Division. Two years later, they won the

Football League championship, thus making their European debut in the 1964–65 European Cup.

In the following years, further European competitions were inaugurated. The first, the UEFA

Super Cup, was originally a match played between the winners of the European Cup and the Cup

Winners' Cup. First established in 1973, it changed formats in 2000; since then, it has been

contested between the winners of the Champions League (formerly the European Cup) and the

Europa League (formerly the UEFA Cup), following the Cup Winners' Cup amalgamation into

the latter.The Intercontinental Cup was a competition for the winners of the European Cup (later,

the UEFA Champions League) and the South American equivalent, the Copa Libertadores.

Established in 1960, the Intercontinental Cup was jointly organised by UEFA and the

Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol (CONMEBOL). It ran until 2004, when the FIFA Club

World Cup, which includes the winners of all six confederations' regional championships

replaced it.

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Bill Shankly began managing Liverpool in 1959, and it was under him that the team first

competed in European competition in 1964–65, qualifying for the European Cup by winning the

First Division championship the previous season.The club's first opponents were

Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur of Iceland, who they played in the preliminary round. Liverpool

won 11–1 on aggregate.

The next round, against Belgian club Anderlecht, was the first time in Liverpool's history

that they wore their now common all-red strip. The decision was made to change from red shirts,

white shorts and socks by Shankly, who wanted his players to make more of a psychological

impact on opponents.They beat Anderlecht and progressed to the semi-finals, where they met

Italian team Internazionale. Before the first leg at Anfield, Shankly asked two injured players to

parade the FA Cup, which Liverpool had won the previous week, to intimidate the Italians.The

team won the match 3–1,but Inter won the second leg 3–0, securing a 4–3 aggregate victory.

The second leg was controversial; Shankly described it as "a war".He felt that the referee,

Jose Maria Ortiz de Mendibel, had shown bias towards Internazionale,and the Liverpool players

felt cheated by his decisions. The club's 1964–65 FA Cup victory ensured qualification for the

UEFA Cup Winners' Cup the following season, and in that competition, they reached their first

European final. Borussia Dortmund, Liverpool's opponents, employed counter-attacking tactics

that had paid dividends in previous rounds and did so again, with the West Germans beating

Liverpool 2–1 after extra time.

In the next four seasons, they competed in the European Cup and Inter-Cities Fairs Cup,

but failed to progress past the third round in either competition.A tie against Dutch team Ajax

during the 1966–67 European Cup was to prove pivotal in the history of Liverpool in European

competition.Ajax beat Liverpool 7–3 on aggregate; however, the style of football that Ajax

played – a patient passing game, inspired by Johann Cruyff – convinced Shankly that Liverpool

had to replicate this style to be successful in Europe.Liverpool reached the semi-finals of the

1970–71 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup, losing 1–0 on aggregate to Leeds United. They competed in the

1971–72 European Cup Winners' Cup, despite losing the 1971 FA Cup Final, as the FA Cup

winners, Arsenal, had also qualified for the European Cup by winning the league championship.

Liverpool were eliminated in the second round by Bayern Munich of Germany, losing 3–1 on

aggregate.

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The changes made to Liverpool's tactics came to fruition during the 1972–73 UEFA Cup.

The club reached their second European final, where they faced Borussia Mönchengladbach of

Germany. Liverpool won the first leg 3–0 as a result of two goals from Kevin Keegan and one

from Larry Lloyd. Victory in this first leg meant Liverpool only needed to avoid losing by three

or more goals in order to win the final. This influenced their tactics – The Times reported that

Liverpool employed a "holding action" against the "attacking Germans".

The tactics worked, allowing Mönchengladbach only two goals, granting Liverpool a 3–

2 aggregate victory.Liverpool also won the First Division championship that season, and as a

result qualified for the 1973–74 European Cup, where they were eliminated in the second round

by Red Star Belgrade of Yugoslavia. At the end of that season, Shankly retired.

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European domination – the Paisley years (1974–83)

Shankly was succeeded by his assistant, Bob Paisley, in 1974.Liverpool competed in the

Cup Winners' Cup during Paisley's first season and defeated Strømsgodset of Norway 11–0 at

Anfield. This remains the club's largest margin of victory in all matches.They lost in the next

round to Hungarian side Ferencváros on the away goals rule.

In 1975–76 the club entered the UEFA Cup after a second-place finish in the First

Division. Victories over Hibernian (Scotland), Real Sociedad (Spain), Śląsk Wrocław (Poland),

Dynamo Dresden (East Germany) and FC Barcelona (Spain) took Liverpool to their third

European final. Crucial to their progress was goalkeeper Ray Clemence, who made two

important penalty saves against Hibernian and Dresden, saving Liverpool from elimination on

the away goals rule on both occasions.Their opponents in the final were Club Brugge of

Belgium.

Liverpool recovered from a two-goal deficit to win the first leg at Anfield 3–2, with Ray

Kennedy, Jimmy Case, and Keegan scoring a goal each in a span of six minutes. A 1–1 draw at

the Jan Breydel Stadion in Bruges meant Liverpool won 4–3 on aggregate, earning their second

UEFA Cup.

The Paisley Gateway is a tribute to former manager Bob Paisley, who won a record three

European Cups—and three European trophies in successive seasons—as Liverpool manager.

As the 1975–76 league champions, the club entered the 1976–77 European Cup. They

defeated Crusaders of Northern Ireland and Trabzonspor of Turkey to reach the quarter-finals,

where they faced the runners-up from the previous season, Saint-Étienne.

The French team won the first leg 1–0. The second leg at Anfield began well for

Liverpool when Keegan scored in the first two minutes. Saint-Étienne equalised to make the

score 2–1 on aggregate in their favour. Kennedy scored for Liverpool, but the away goals rule

meant they still needed another goal to win the tie. With six minutes remaining, David

Fairclough was brought on to replace John Toshack; he immediately scored in front of the Kop,

ensuring a 3–2 aggregate victory for Liverpool.In the semi-finals, they defeated FC Zürich of

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Switzerland 6–1 on aggregate to reach the final, where they met their opponents from the 1973

UEFA Cup Final, Borussia Mönchengladbach. The final was held in Rome, four days after the

club had lost the 1977 FA Cup Final to Manchester United. Before the match, Paisley announced

that striker Toshack would be fit to start; however, he was not named in the matchday squad.

This change upset the Germans' game plan and allowed Keegan to torment his marker, Berti

Vogts.Liverpool won 3–1 to become European champions for the first time.

By winning the European Cup, they qualified for the European Super Cup and played the

winners of the Cup Winners' Cup, German team Hamburg, who had just signed Keegan.

Liverpool won the tie 7–1 on aggregate.Liverpool entered the 1977–78 European Cup as

champions and received a bye in the first round.

They defeated Dynamo Dresden and Portuguese team Benfica in the second round and

quarter-finals, respectively. In the semi-final, the club again met Borussia Mönchengladbach,

who won the first leg 2–1. Liverpool won the second leg 3–0, progressing to a second successive

European Cup final, this time against Club Brugge at Wembley Stadium in London.

In the final Kenny Dalglish, who had been signed to replace Keegan, scored the winning

goal after receiving the ball from a Graeme Souness pass. The 1–0 victory meant Liverpool

became the first British team to retain the European Cup.They faced Anderlecht in the 1978

European Super Cup, but failed to retain the trophy, losing 4–3 on aggregate against the Belgian

side.Liverpool were eliminated in the first round of the 1978–79 European Cup by English

champions Nottingham Forest. Nottingham Forest won the tie 2–0 on aggregate, and went on to

win the competition.Liverpool entered the 1979–80 European Cup as English champions but

were again eliminated in the first round, this time beaten 4–2 on aggregate by Dinamo Tbilisi of

the Soviet Union.

Liverpool participated in the 1980–81 European Cup as English league champions,

defeating Finnish champions Oulun Palloseura, Scottish club Aberdeen and CSKA Sofia of

Bulgaria to qualify for the semi-finals, where they faced three-time champions Bayern Munich.

The first leg at Anfield finished goalless. In the second leg at the Olympiastadion in Munich, Ray

Kennedy scored in the 83rd minute and, although the German side equalised, Liverpool went

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through to the final on the away goals rule.They faced Spanish side Real Madrid in the final,

held at the Parc des Princes in Paris.

Alan Kennedy scored the only goal to give Liverpool a 1–0 victory, which secured the

club's—and Paisley's—third European Cup. As champions of Europe, Liverpool competed in the

Intercontinental Cup against South American champions Flamengo of Brazil. Liverpool lost the

match 3–0.The club's defence of the European Cup in 1981–82 was ended by CSKA Sofia in the

quarter-finals.Another quarter-final exit occurred in the 1982–83 European Cup when Polish

club Widzew Łódź eliminated Liverpool 4–3 on aggregate. Paisley retired as manager at the end

of the season and was succeeded by his assistant, Joe Fagan.

Triumph and tragedy – the Fagan years (1983–85)

Liverpool entered the 1983–84 European Cup as league champions for the fourth time in

five seasons. Victories over Odense of Denmark and Spanish champions Athletic Bilbao brought

Liverpool to face Portuguese champions Benfica in the quarter-finals. Liverpool won the first leg

at Anfield 1–0. In the second leg, their tactic of withdrawing Dalglish into midfield put Benfica's

game plan into disarray, leading to a 4–1 match victory and a 5–1 aggregate victory. Their

opponents in the semi-finals were Dinamo Bucharest of Romania. The tie proved a brutal

encounter, characterised by Souness breaking the jaw of the Bucharest captain Lică Movilă, and

was won 3–1 on aggregate by Liverpool.

Fagan's first season in charge of Liverpool had been a successful one. When they reached

their fourth European Cup final, they had already won the Football League Cup and the league

championship;victory in the European final against Italian side Roma would complete an

unprecedented treble. The final was played at Rome's Stadio Olimpico, and Liverpool went

ahead in the 13th minute when Phil Neal scored, though Roma equalised towards the end of the

first half. The score remained the same throughout full and extra time; Liverpool won the

subsequent penalty shoot-out, with Alan Kennedy scoring the winning penalty after goalkeeper

Bruce Grobbelaar had put off Francesco Graziani, causing him to place his penalty over the

crossbar. After the game, gangs of Roma fans assaulted Liverpool supporters travelling back to

their hotels.Success in the European Cup entitled Liverpool to compete in the 1984

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Intercontinental Cup, however they were unable to beat the winners of the Copa Libertadores,

Independiente of Argentina, who claimed a 1–0 victory.

Liverpool entered the 1984–85 European Cup as champions, and once again progressed

to the final, where their opponents were Juventus of Italy. They aimed to win their fifth European

Cup and keep the trophy. The 1985 European Cup Final was held at the Heysel Stadium in

Brussels. The choice of venue had been criticised due to the dilapidated state of the stadium, and

the club tried to persuade UEFA to change the venue.Before the kick-off, Liverpool fans

breached a fence separating the two groups of supporters and charged the Juventus fans. The

resulting weight of people caused a retaining wall to collapse, killing 39 people and injuring

hundreds more.Despite calls for an abandonment, the match was played, as it was felt that further

trouble would be caused otherwise.

Juventus won the match 1–0; Michel Platini scored from the penalty spot to give Juventus

their first European Cup.UEFA laid the blame for the incident solely on the Liverpool fans: the

official UEFA observer stated, "Only the English fans were responsible. Of that there is no

doubt".Three days after the final, UEFA banned all English clubs from European competition for

an indefinite period. Liverpool were initially given an additional three-year ban.Fagan retired

after the 1984–85 season and was succeeded by Dalglish, who took over as player-manager.

The ban on English clubs in European competitions ultimately lasted for five years, and

even when the ban was lifted in 1990, Liverpool were not re-admitted; they had to serve an extra

year. The ban prevented them qualifying for the European Cup in 1986 (as league champions and

FA Cup winners), the UEFA Cup in 1987 (as league runners-up), the European Cup in 1988 (as

league champions), the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1989 (as FA Cup winners) and the

European Cup in 1990 (as league champions).

Return to Europe (1991–2004)

Liverpool were allowed to return to European competition in the 1991–92 season, a year

later than other English clubs. They qualified for the UEFA Cup as runners-up in the English

league. Their manager by this stage was Graeme Souness, who had taken over towards the end of

the previous season following Dalglish's resignation.

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Their first match, in the UEFA Cup, was against Finnish side Kuusyi Lahti, which they

won 6–1.A 6–2 aggregate victory set up a tie against Auxerre of France in the second round who

they beat 3–2 on aggregate.The club defeated Swarovski Tirol of Austria in the third round 6–0

on aggregate before losing to Genoa (Italy) 4–1 over two legs in the quarter finals.

Liverpool's victory over Sunderland in the 1992 FA Cup Final qualified them for the

1992–93 European Cup Winners' Cup, but this campaign was short-lived, as they were

eliminated in the second round by Russian side Spartak Moscow.Liverpool finished no higher

than sixth in the Premier League during the next two seasons, thus failing to qualify for

European competition. In the 1995–96 season, they entered the UEFA Cup, but again progressed

no further than the second round, this time losing to Brøndby of Denmark.

As runners-up to League champions Manchester United in the 1996 FA Cup Final,

Liverpool were able to compete in the 1996–97 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. This proved the club's

most successful campaign since their return to European competition, as they reached the semi-

finals, where they were eliminated 3–2 on aggregate by French team Paris Saint–Germain.In the

next two seasons, Liverpool played in the UEFA Cup but were eliminated at an early stage of the

competition, by Strasbourg of France and Spanish side Celta de Vigo, respectively.A seventh-

place finish in the 1998–99 FA Premier League meant the club did not qualify for Europe in

1999–2000.

Having finished fourth in the 1999–2000 FA Premier League, Liverpool qualified for the

2000–01 UEFA Cup. Their victory in this competition marked a record-equalling third win for a

club. The entire season was the club's most successful since the 1983–84 season, as they won a

cup treble consisting of the UEFA Cup, the FA Cup and the League Cup. Their opponents in the

final in Dortmund were Deportivo Alavés of Spain. The match was tied at 4–4 in extra time

when Alavés defender Delfí Geli scored an own goal to give Liverpool victory on the golden

goal rule. The performance of Gary McAllister, whose free-kick resulted in the winning goal,

was praised as "outstanding" by Trevor Brooking.[64] This was the club's first European trophy

since their European Cup victory in 1984.As UEFA Cup winners, Liverpool played in the 2001

UEFA Super Cup against Champions League winners Bayern Munich and won 3–2.

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In the 2001–02 season, Liverpool returned to the European Cup, now called the UEFA

Champions League, for the first time since the Heysel disaster. A 2–0 victory over Roma in the

second group stage meant they progressed to the quarter-finals. They faced German club Bayer

Leverkusen and won the first leg 1–0. The outlook for the second leg appeared to be to

Liverpool's advantage, as their counter-attacking style of play had served them well during away

matches throughout the season;however, they lost the second leg 4–2 and were eliminated 4–3

on aggregate.

A second-place finish in the 2001–02 FA Premier League entitled Liverpool to

participate in the Champions League for a second successive season, but they only finished third

in their group and were eliminated from the competition.The third-place finish meant they

entered the 2002–03 UEFA Cup. Liverpool beat Dutch team Vitesse Arnhem and Auxerre to set

up an all-British tie with Scottish team Celtic. A 1–1 draw in the first leg meant Liverpool would

progress to the semi-finals if they did not concede a goal in the second leg at Anfield. However,

Celtic scored before half-time and again in the second half to win 3–1 on aggregate.

Liverpool entered the UEFA Cup for the 2003–04 season, after Chelsea beat them on the

final day of the previous league season to claim the fourth place needed to qualify for the

Champions League. Liverpool were eliminated in the fourth round by eventual runners-up

Marseille of France. At the end of the season, manager Gérard Houllier was replaced by Rafael

Benítez.

Renewed European success – the Benítez years (2004–10)

Liverpool had finished fourth in the 2003–04 season, which qualified them to compete in

the Champions League in the 2004–05 season. A poor start in the group stages, with two losses

in their first five games, had the club facing elimination; however, a 3–1 victory over Greek side

Olympiacos eventually ensured their passage to the knock-out rounds. Liverpool beat Bayer

Leverkusen and Juventus to reach the semi-finals, and progressed to the final after they beat

Chelsea 1–0 on aggregate; the goal scored by Luis García was referred to as a "ghost goal" by

Chelsea manager José Mourinho, as it was unclear whether the ball crossed the goal

line.Liverpool's performances in Europe contrasted strongly with their league form, where they

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struggled to finish in the top-four and thus ensure qualification for the next Champions League

season.

Liverpool faced six-time European champions Milan in the final at the Atatürk Stadium

in Istanbul on 25 May 2005. Trailing 3–0 at half-time, they scored three goals in a six-minute

spell in the second half to level the score at 3–3. There were no goals during extra time, so the

match was decided by a penalty shoot-out. With the shoot-out score at 3–2, Liverpool goalkeeper

Jerzy Dudek saved Andriy Shevchenko's penalty to give Liverpool victory.The nature of

Liverpool's comeback victory has led to the match being referred to as the "miracle of Istanbul."

As this was the club's fifth European Cup victory, Liverpool were allowed to keep the European

Champion Clubs' Cup permanently, and a new trophy was commissioned for the following year's

competition.The victory also entitled Liverpool to compete in the 2005 UEFA Super Cup at

Stade Louis II, Monaco in August. They defeated UEFA Cup winners CSKA Moscow of Russia

3–1 to win their third Super Cup.Their success in the Champions League meant Liverpool also

qualified for the 2005 FIFA Club World Championship, where they lost 1–0 in the final to

Brazilian team São Paulo.

A fifth-place finish in the Premier League in 2004–05 meant Liverpool were not

guaranteed entry into the Champions League, and faced the prospect of not being able to defend

their European title. UEFA eventually ruled that they would be allowed to do so, but would be

required to start in the first qualifying round, with no country protection, meaning they could

face a team from England in the group stages.This turned out to be the case—Liverpool

advanced through three qualifying rounds and were drawn with Chelsea in the group stages.

They progressed from their group as winners but were beaten by Benfica in the first knock-out

round.

In the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League, Liverpool progressed from the group stages

and beat holders Barcelona, Dutch team PSV Eindhoven and Chelsea to face Milan in a rematch

of the 2005 final. The Liverpool team, which contained only five players from the 2005 final,

enjoyed more possession than in 2005,but two goals from Filippo Inzaghi gave Milan their

seventh European Cup in a 2–1 win.

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Liverpool were eliminated from the 2007–08 UEFA Champions League in the semi-

finals by Chelsea, who they had beaten in the semi-finals in 2005 and 2007. A fourth-place finish

in the 2007–08 Premier League secured their entry into the 2008–09 UEFA Champions League.

Liverpool reached the quarter-finals and again faced Chelsea, but lost 7–5 on aggregate.

A second-place finish in the 2008–09 Premier League entitled Liverpool to compete in

the 2009–10 UEFA Champions League, but their campaign was short-lived; they finished third

in their group, and were eliminated from the competition. They entered the 2009–10 UEFA

Europa League, progressing to the semi-finals, where they were eliminated by eventual winners

Atlético Madrid of Spain on the away goals rule after the tie finished 2–2 on aggregate.

2010 – Present

Benítez left the club at the end of the 2009–10 season and was replaced by Roy Hodgson.

[88] A seventh-place finish in the 2009–10 Premier League meant Liverpool would be

competing in the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League. They beat Rabotnički (Macedonia) and

Trabzonspor (Turkey) to progress to the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League group stage, where

Liverpool were drawn alongside Italian club Napoli, Dutch team Utrecht and Romanian team

Steaua Bucureşti. They won two games and drew four to finish top of their group with 10 points

and progress to the round of 32.They were drawn against Czech club Sparta Prague in the next

round.

Before the tie was played, Hodgson was replaced by former manager Kenny Dalglish,

who initially served as a caretaker manager.A 2–0 aggregate victory ensured progression to the

round of 16, in which Liverpool lost 1–0 on aggregate to eventual runners-up Braga of

Portugal.A sixth-place finish in the 2010–11 Premier League meant the club failed to qualify for

European competition for the first time since 1999,but victory in the 2012 Football League Cup

Final ensured Liverpool a place in the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League.Liverpool qualified for the

Knockout phase of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League after winning their group at the group

stage, but were eliminated from the competition at the round of 32 by Zenit Saint Petersburg on

the away goals rule after a 0-2 loss away and a 3-1 win at home.Finishing seventh in 2012–13

Premier League and not winning any of the domestic trophies meant that Liverpool failed to

qualify for any European competition in 2013–14.

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Bibliography

1.McKie, David (31 May 1985). "Thatcher set to demand FA ban on games in Europe".

The Guardian. Retrieved 7 December 2008.

2. 1987: " Liverpool fans to stand trial in Belgium". BBC. 9 September 1987. Retrieved

22 August 2010.

3.Jackson, Jamie (4 April 2005). "The witnesses". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 May 2006.

4.Burrell, Ian (8 July 2004). "An own goal? Rooney caught in crossfire between 'The

Sun' and an unforgiving city". The Independent. Retrieved 22 December 2008.

5. Classic: "Everton-Liverpool". Fédération Internationale de Football Association

(FIFA). 11 September 2006. Retrieved 20 December 2008.

6. Smith, Rory (24 January 2009). "Liverpool and Everton no longer play the 'friendly

derby' as fans become more vitriolic". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 26 August 2010.

7.http://www.news.com.au/sport/football/why-liverpool-v-melbourne-victory-at-the-mcg-

tonight-is-a-friendly-worth-getting-excited-about/story-fndm8psv-1226684283265

8. "Honours". Liverpool F.C. Retrieved 27 February 2008.

9. "New format provides fresh impetus". Union of European Football Associations. 15

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