SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 3
Objectives
You will be able to understand:
• Key activities for process stability
• Difference between special and common cause variation
• Responsibilities for taking action on variation
• Difference between specifications and control limits
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 4
Lesson 3: Stabilize the Process
Activity 3.1 Determine process measures
Activity 3.2 Examine the process by using control charts
Activity 3.3 Act on special causes
Activity 3.4 Check for capability
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 5
Activity 3.1 Determine Process Measures
• Process measures must:
- be objective and representative of the process
- measure appropriate quality characteristics
• Flow charts are useful tools for determining process measures
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 6
Determine Process Measures
SuppliersCVN
Processes
Products&
Services
AirWing
Inputs Processes Outputs Outcomes
• Quality of supplies• Time to deliver• Condition of materials• Accuracy of information• etc.
• Ordnance assembly• Moving ordnance• Staging ordnance• etc.
• Launch / recover• Berthing / messing• Training time• etc.
• Timely launch / recovery• Safe launch / recovery• Effective launch / recovery• Satisfaction with service• etc.
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 7
Run Chart
Ela
ps
ed
Tim
e (
min
ute
s)
Sequence
Average
• Line graph showing variation plotted over time
55
50
45
40
35
30
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 8
Activity 3.2 Examine the Processby using Control Charts
• Line graph that shows process variation • Limits calculated from process data
Average
UpperControlLimit
LowerControlLimit
Time or Sequence
Me
as
ure
men
t
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 9
Common Causes
Average
UCL
LCL
Time or sequence
Me
as
ure
men
t
• Data appear randomly
• Control limits provide predictable range
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 10
Average
UCL
LCL
Time or sequence
Me
as
ure
men
t
• Appear as nonrandom variation
• Are not predictable
Special Causes
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 11
Activity 3.3 Act on Special Causes
Common Causes: - Inherent in the process
- Affect everyone in the process- Affect all outcomes of the process
Special Causes: - Are not in the process all the time
- Do not affect everyone in the process- Arise because of specific circumstances
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 12
Responsibility forReducing Variation
• Special cause - people working in the process
• Common cause - command’s leaders & managers
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 13
Avoid Tamperingand Underadjusting
• Taking action when no action is needed
• Failing to act when action is required
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 14
Specifications vs Control Limits
UCL
LCL
Time or sequence
Me
as
ure
men
t
Sp
ecif
icat
ion
s
SENIOR LEADER'S SEMINAR CHAPTER 5 LESSON 3. 15
Activity 3.4 Check for Capability
• Unstable- Measures fall outside control limits, or- Measures show non-random pattern
• Stable- Measures fall randomly within control limits
• Capable- Stable process that also meets customer or mission requirements